Oracle操作注意事项:
1.启动ora
2.启动triggers
3.rman备份时,如果用到recover才启动recover
没有用到就不大开。
删除数据:
1.当用到update时候,关闭触发器!
2.然后删除/修改数据!
参数检查:
1、归档:archive log list
2、Log_archive_start
3、Flashback功能的开启
4、Flashback area size : 10g
5、Open_cursor=1000
6、Processes=550
7、Shared_pool_size=300m
8、Redo file:5 group, 400m
Oracle阅卷实战,应急措施:
1.pfile文件,后台进程和用户跟踪文件的位置:/usr/app/oracle/admin/orc1/pfile
2.归档日志文件,控制文件,数据文件位置:/usr/app/oracle/oradata/orc1/
db_recovery_file_dest_size是指目录:/usr/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
3.--backup---》/fullbackdiffincre文件在/下面。(查看大小用du -h)
恢复策略:
1.丢失controlfile ;步骤:1. startup nomount;
2. restore controlfile;
3. alter database mount;
4. restore database;
5. recover database;
6. alter database open resetlogs;(resetlogs后,记得一次全备)
2.丢失datafile步骤:1. startup mount;
2. restore datefile ‘num’;
3. recover datafile ‘num’;
4 .alter database open;(这里的‘num’是通过dba_data_files查询得出)
3.丢失redo步骤:1. sql> startup
2. sql> recover database until cancel;
3. sql>alter database open resetlogs;4,表空间损坏(这时数据库可以启动)比如:spring_zone坏了步骤:1. sql>alter tablespace spring_zone
offline;
2. sql>restore tablespace spring_zone;
3. sql>recover tablespace spring_zone;
4. sql>alter tablespace spring_zone
online;应急措施:Flashback系列:1. alter session set
nls_date_format='yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss';
2. select sysdate from dual;(恢复时间点)
3. select * from v$flashback_database_log;(可以恢复到的最早时间点)======模拟丢失=======
4. shutdown immediate
5. startup mount;
6. flashback database to
timestamp(to_date('2008-04-26 14:39:26','yyyy-mm-dd hh24:mi:ss'));
7. alter database open resetlogs;
(resetlogs后,记得一次全备)
************************************************************************
检查rman参数:show all
RMAN配置参数为:
CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY2;
CONFIGURE BACKUP
OPTIMIZATION ON;
CONFIGURE DEFAULT
DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE
AUTOBACKUP ON;
CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE
AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '/backup/con_%F';
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM
2BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; #
default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; #
default
CONFIGURE CHANNEL 1
DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT'/backup/fullback/backup_%U';
CONFIGURE CHANNEL 2
DEVICE TYPE DISK FORMAT'/backup/fullback/backup_%U';
CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default
CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default
CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default
CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO
'/usr/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/snapcf_orc1.f'; # de
fault
rman常用命令:
列出数据库的schemaRMAN>report
schema;
列出废弃的备份RMAN>report
obsolete;
检查备份RMAN>
crosscheck backup;
删除过期失效的备份信息RMAN>delete
expired backup;
备份表空间RMAN>backup
tablespace system;
拷贝数据文件RMAN>copy
datafile 1 to ‘d:oracleorabackdatafile1.dbf’;
列出备份和拷贝RMAN>list
backup;list backup by file;
list expired backup;list archivelog all;list backup tag ‘tag name’;
RMAN>list copy;
验证备份能否还原RMAN>restore
database validate;
全备脚本:
RUN {
BACKUP DATABASE SKIP INACCESSIBLE FILESPERSET
60
PLUS ARCHIVELOG FILESPERSET 40
DELETE
ALL INPUT;
}
ALLOCATE CHANNEL FOR MAINTENANCE DEVICE TYPE
DISK;
CROSSCHECK BACKUPSET;
DELETE NOPROMPT OBSOLETE;
备份:
1.中午,下午 各exp一次。
2.重启oracle一次
3.晚上rman fullback一次
4.检查硬盘空间,归档大小
5.每天检查tablespace