c语言二维数组沙漏图案,在C中递归绘制沙漏

给你。

#include

void draw_hourglass_rec_helper( unsigned int n, int offset )

{

const char c = '*';

if ( n )

{

printf( "%*c", offset + 1, c );

unsigned int k = n % 2 == 0 ? n - 1 : n;

for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < k - 1; i++ ) putchar( c );

putchar( '\n' );

if ( ! ( n < 2 ) ) draw_hourglass_rec_helper( n - 2, offset + 1 );

if ( n != 1 )

{

printf( "%*c", offset + 1, c );

for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < k - 1; i++ ) putchar( c );

putchar( '\n' );

}

}

}

void draw_hourglass_rec( unsigned int n )

{

if ( n )

{

draw_hourglass_rec_helper( n, 0 );

}

}

int main(void)

{

while ( 1 )

{

printf( "Enter a non-negative number (0 - exit): " );

unsigned int n;

if ( scanf( "%u", &n ) != 1 || n == 0 ) break;

putchar( '\n' );

draw_hourglass_rec( n );

putchar( '\n' );

}

return 0;

}

程序输出可能看起来像

Enter a non-negative number (0 - exit): 10

*********

*******

*****

***

*

*

***

*****

*******

*********

Enter a non-negative number (0 - exit): 9

*********

*******

*****

***

*

***

*****

*******

*********

Enter a non-negative number (0 - exit): 8

*******

*****

***

*

*

***

*****

*******

Enter a non-negative number (0 - exit): 7

*******

*****

***

*

***

*****

*******

Enter a non-negative number (0 - exit): 6

*****

***

*

*

***

*****

Enter a non-negative number (0 - exit): 5

*****

***

*

***

*****

Enter a non-negative number (0 - exit): 4

***

*

*

***

Enter a non-negative number (0 - exit): 3

***

*

***

Enter a non-negative number (0 - exit): 2

*

*

Enter a non-negative number (0 - exit): 1

*

Enter a non-negative number (0 - exit): 0

如果helper函数的第二个参数应该是unsigned int类型,那么可以使用循环来输出初始空格,例如

void draw_hourglass_rec_helper( unsigned int n, unsigned int offset )

{

const char c = '*';

if ( n )

{

for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < offset; i++ ) putchar( ' ' );

unsigned int k = n % 2 == 0 ? n - 1 : n;

for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < k; i++ ) putchar( c );

putchar( '\n' );

if ( ! ( n < 2 ) ) draw_hourglass_rec_helper( n - 2, offset + 1 );

if ( n != 1 )

{

for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < offset; i++ ) putchar( ' ' );

for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < k; i++ ) putchar( c );

putchar( '\n' );

}

}

}

另一种方法是使用静态变量作为输出偏移量,而不是使用helper函数。

#include

void draw_hourglass_rec( unsigned int n )

{

static int offset = 0;

const char c = '*';

if ( n )

{

++offset;

printf( "%*c", offset, c );

unsigned int k = n % 2 == 0 ? n - 1 : n;

for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < k - 1; i++ ) putchar( c );

putchar( '\n' );

if ( ! ( n < 2 ) ) draw_hourglass_rec( n - 2 );

if ( n != 1 )

{

printf( "%*c", offset, c );

for ( unsigned int i = 0; i < k - 1; i++ ) putchar( c );

putchar( '\n' );

}

--offset;

}

}

int main(void)

{

while ( 1 )

{

printf( "Enter a non-negative number (0 - exit): " );

unsigned int n;

if ( scanf( "%u", &n ) != 1 || n == 0 ) break;

putchar( '\n' );

draw_hourglass_rec( n );

putchar( '\n' );

}

return 0;

}