具体操作步骤如下:
#统计词频
#1 输入文章
#2 建立统计词频的空字典
#3 对文本的一行统计词频
#4 获取字典数据对
#5 对数据对进行排序
#6 输出结果
#7 用Turtle库绘制词频结果图表
实现效果如下:
实现代码如下:
import turtle ##全局变量## count = 10 data = [] words = [] yScale = 6 xScale = 30 ################### #################Turtle Start ############# #绘制线段(x1,y1)到(x2,y2) def drawLine(t,x1,y1,x2,y2): t.penup() t.goto(x1,y1) t.pendown() t.goto(x2,y2) #在坐标(x,y)处写文字 def drawText(t,x,y,text): t.penup() t.goto(x,y) t.pendown() t.write(text) #绘制图表 def drawGraph(t): #绘制x/y轴线 drawLine(t,0,0,360,0) drawLine(t,0,300,0,0) #x轴:坐标以及描述 for x in range(count): x = x+1 #右移一位,不在原点 drawText(t,x*xScale-4,-20,words[x-1]) drawText(t,x*xScale-4,data[x-1]*yScale+10,data[x-1]) drawBar(t) #绘制一个柱体 def drawRectangle(t,x,y): x = x * xScale y = y * yScale drawLine(t, x - 5, 0, x - 5, y) drawLine(t, x - 5, y, x + 5, y) drawLine(t, x + 5, y, x + 5, 0) drawLine(t, x + 5, 0, x - 5, 0) #绘制多个柱体 def drawBar(t): for i in range(count): drawRectangle(t,i+1,data[i]) ###################### Turtle end ############## #对文本的每一行计算统计词频的函数 def processLine(line,wordCounts): #wordCounts空字典 #用空格代替标点符号 line = replacePunctuations(line) #从每一行获取每个词 words = line.split() for word in words: if word in wordCounts: wordCounts[word] += 1 else: wordCounts[word] = 1 #空格替换标点的函数 def replacePunctuations(line): for ch in "~@#$%^&*()_-+=<>?/,.:;{}[]|\'""": line = line.replace(ch," ") return line def main(): #用户输入文件名 filename = raw_input("enter a filename: ").strip() infile = open(filename,"r") #建立用于计算词频的字典 wordCounts = {} for line in infile: processLine(line.lower(),wordCounts) #从字典获取数据对 pairs = list(wordCounts.items()) # #列表中的数据对交换位置,数据对排序 items = [[x,y] for [y,x] in pairs] items.sort() # 输出count个数词频结果 for i in range(len(items)-1,len(items)-count-1,-1): print(items[i][1]+"\t"+str(items[i][0])) data.append(items[i][0]) words.append(items[i][1]) infile.close() # 根据词频结果绘制柱状图 turtle.title("词频结果柱状图") turtle.setup(900,750,0,0) t= turtle.Turtle() t.hideturtle() t.width(3) drawGraph(t) turtle.done() if __name__ == '__main__': main()