委托的异步调用
异步多线程的三大特点:
1.同步方法卡界面,原因是主线程被占用;异步方法不卡界面,原因是计算交给了别的线程,主线程空闲
2.同步方法慢,原因是只有一个线程计算;异步方法快,原因是多个线程同事计算,但是更消耗资源,不宜太多
3.建议线程的数量不要超过 CPU核数*4
4.异步多线程是无序的,启动顺序不确定、执行时间不确定、结束时间不确定
private void btnAsync_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch(); watch.Start(); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("********************btnAsync_Click Start 主线程id={0}********************", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); Func <string,string> method = new Func<string,string >(this.TestThread); IAsyncResult[] asyncResult = new IAsyncResult[5]; for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { //在这个BeginInvoke方法是拿不到委托函数的返回值的 //第二个参数是一个委托(AsyncCallback),输入是异步调用的返回值 asyncResult[i] = method.BeginInvoke(string.Format("btnAsync_Click_{0}", i), t =>//异步调用的返回值 { //Console.WriteLine(t.Equals(asyncResult));//这里证明t就是异步调用的返回值 //Console.WriteLine(t.AsyncState);//显示状态参数:yoyo_{0} Console.WriteLine("这里是回调函数 {0}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId); }, string.Format ("yoyo_{0}",i)); //最后是一个状态参数 } //做一个计时器等待异步完成 /* int j = 1; while(!asyncResult[0].IsCompleted || !asyncResult[1].IsCompleted || !asyncResult[2].IsCompleted || !asyncResult[3].IsCompleted || !asyncResult[4].IsCompleted) { Console.WriteLine("**********正在计算,已完成{0}%**********",10*j++); Thread.Sleep(200); }*/ //WaitOne不能拿到委托函数的返回值 /* asyncResult[0].AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(); //一直等待这个异步结束 //asyncResult[0].AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(-1); //一直等待这个异步结束 //asyncResult[0].AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(200);//只等200毫秒 asyncResult[1].AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(); asyncResult[2].AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(); asyncResult[3].AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne(); asyncResult[4].AsyncWaitHandle.WaitOne();*/ //Eninvoke可以拿到委托函数的返回值 Console.WriteLine(method.EndInvoke(asyncResult[0])); Console.WriteLine(method.EndInvoke(asyncResult[1])); Console.WriteLine(method.EndInvoke(asyncResult[2])); Console.WriteLine(method.EndInvoke(asyncResult[3])); Console.WriteLine(method.EndInvoke(asyncResult[4])); watch.Stop(); Console.WriteLine("********************btnAsync_Click End 主线程id={0} {1}********************", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId, watch.ElapsedMilliseconds); Console.WriteLine(); }
private string TestThread(string name) { Console.WriteLine("TestThread Start Name={2},当前线程的id:{0},当前时间为{1}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId, DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss:fff"), name); long Sum = 0; for (int i = 1; i < 999999999; i++) { Sum += i; } //Thread.Sleep(2000); Console.WriteLine("TestThread End Name={2},当前线程的id:{0},当前时间为{1}", Thread.CurrentThread.ManagedThreadId, DateTime.Now.ToString("hh:mm:ss:fff"), name); return string.Format("运行结果为:{0} {1}", name, Sum); }