poj 2084 Game of Connections

weixin_30247781
于 2011-07-22 19:12:00 发布
阅读量71
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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/mjc467621163/archive/2011/07/22/2114289.html
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#include <iostream>            //高精度  组合数学，Catalan数，公式：An=A(n-1)*(4n-2)/(n+1)
#include <string>
#include<algorithm>
using namespace std;

int compare(string str1, string str2)
{
while(str1[0]=='0')
    {
        str1.erase(0,1);
    }
while(str2[0]=='0')
    {
        str2.erase(0,1);
    }
if(str1.size() > str2.size()) //长度长的整数大于长度小的整数
        return 1;
else if(str1.size() < str2.size())
return -1;
else
return str1.compare(str2); //若长度相等，从头到尾按位比较，compare函数：相等返回0，大于返回1，小于返回－1
}
int to_int(char ch)
{
return ch-48;
}
char to_char(int i)
{
return (char)(i+48);
}
void dipose_head(string& str,int sign)    //str为引用类型
{
    str.erase(0, str.find_first_not_of('0'));    //去除结果中的前导0
    if(str.empty()) str = "0";
if((sign == -1) && (str[0] != '0'))        //处理符号位 ,若str[0] == '0'说明结果是0,就不必要在前面加上-
        str = '-' + str;
}

//高精度加法
string ADD_INT(string str1, string str2)        //计算str1 + str2的值,处理成 str1 ,str2 >= 0
{
string MINUS_INT(string str1, string str2);        //要事先声明MINUS_INT
    string str;
if(str1[0] == '-')
    {
if(str2[0] == '-') 
        {
            str = ADD_INT(str1.erase(0, 1), str2.erase(0, 1));
if(str[0] != '0')
                str = "-" + str;
        }
else 
            str = MINUS_INT(str2, str1.erase(0, 1));
    }
else 
    {
if(str2[0] == '-')
            str = MINUS_INT(str1, str2.erase(0, 1));

else    //str1 ,str2 >= 0的情况
        {
string::size_type l1, l2;
int i;
            l1 = str1.size(); l2 = str2.size();
if(l1 < l2)        //把两个整数对齐，短整数前面加0补齐
                for(i = 1; i <= l2 - l1; i++)
                    str1 = '0' + str1;
else
for(i = 1; i <= l1 - l2; i++)
                    str2 = '0' + str2;
int int1 = 0, int2 = 0;        //int2 记录进位
            for(i = str1.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--)
            { 
                int1 = ( str1[i]+str2[i] -  96  + int2 ) % 10;  
                int2 = ( str1[i]+str2[i] -  96  + int2 ) / 10; 
                str = to_char(int1) + str;
            }
if(int2 != 0) str = to_char(int2) + str;    //处理最后的进位
        }
    }
return str;
}

//高精度减法
string MINUS_INT(string str1, string str2)        //计算str1 - str2的值,先处理成 str1 ,str2 >= 0,再处理成 str1 > str2 >= 0
{
int sign = 1;       //sign 为符号位
    string str;
if(str2[0] == '-')
    {
if(str1[0]!='-')
            str = ADD_INT(str1, str2.erase(0, 1));
else 
            str=MINUS_INT(str2.erase(0,1),str1.erase(0,1));
    }
else 
    {
if(str1[0]=='-')
        {
            str = ADD_INT(str1.erase(0, 1), str2);
if(str[0] != '0')
                str = "-" + str;
        }
else    //str1 ,str2 >= 0的情况
        {
int res = compare(str1, str2);
if(res == 0) return "0";      //二者相等
            if(res < 0) 
            {
                sign = -1;
                str1.swap(str2);
            }
string::size_type temp_int;    
            temp_int = str1.size() - str2.size();
for(int i = str2.size() - 1; i >= 0; i--) 
            {
if(str1[i + temp_int] < str2[i]) 
                {
                    str1[i + temp_int - 1] = str1[i + temp_int - 1] - 1;        // '5'='6'-1
                    str = to_char(str1[i + temp_int] - str2[i] + 10) + str;
                }
else
                    str =to_char(str1[i + temp_int] - str2[i]) + str;
            }
            str = str1.substr(0,temp_int) + str;    //str1[i] 从i=0 到 i=temp_int - 1 
            dipose_head(str,sign);
        } 
    }
return str;
}

//高精度乘法
string MULTIPLY_INT(string str1, string str2)
{
int sign = 1; //sign 为符号位
    if(str1[0] == '-') 
    {
        sign *= -1;
        str1 = str1.erase(0, 1);
    }
if(str2[0] == '-') 
    {
        sign *= -1;
        str2 = str2.erase(0, 1);
    }
if(str1=="0"||str2=="0")    return "0";

int i, j;    string str;
string::size_type len1, len2;
    len1 = str1.size(); len2 = str2.size();

for(i = len2 - 1; i >= 0; i --)       //实现手工乘法
    { 
string temp_str;
int int1 = 0, int2 = 0, int3 = to_int(str2[i]);
if(int3 != 0) 
        {
for(j = 1; j <= len2-1 - i; j++)
                temp_str = '0' + temp_str;
for(j = len1 - 1; j >= 0; j--) 
            {
                int1 = (int3 * to_int(str1[j]) + int2) % 10;
                int2 = (int3 * to_int(str1[j]) + int2) / 10;
                temp_str = to_char(int1) + temp_str;
            }
if(int2 != 0) temp_str = to_char(int2) + temp_str;
        }
        str = ADD_INT(str, temp_str);
    }
if((sign == -1) && (str[0] != '0'))        
        str = '-' + str;
return str;
}

//高精度除法
string DIVIDE_INT(string str1, string str2, int flag)        //flag = 1时,返回商; flag = 0时,返回余数
{
string quotient, residue; //定义商和余数，sign1,sign2判断商和余数的符号
    int sign1 = 1, sign2 = 1;
if(str2 == "0")        //判断除数是否为0 
        return "ERROR!";
if(str1 == "0")        //判断被除数是否为0
        return "0";

if(str1[0] == '-')
    {
        str1 = str1.erase(0, 1);
        sign1 *= -1;
        sign2 = -1;        //余数的符号由被除数的符号决定
    }
if(str2[0] == '-') 
    {
        str2 = str2.erase(0, 1);
        sign1 *= -1;
    }
int res = compare(str1, str2);
if(res < 0) 
    {
        quotient = "0";
        residue = str1;
    }
else if(res == 0) 
    {
        quotient = "1";
        residue = "0";
    }
else    //str1>str2
    {
string::size_type len1, len2;
        len1 = str1.size(); len2 = str2.size();
string temp_str;
        temp_str.append(str1, 0, len2 - 1);    //添加从str1[0]到str1[len2 - 2]

for(int i = len2 - 1; i < len1; i++)         //模拟手工除法
        {
            temp_str = temp_str + str1[i];
for(char ch = '9'; ch >= '0'; ch --)  //试商
            {    
string str;
                str = str + ch;
if(compare(MULTIPLY_INT(str2, str), temp_str) <= 0) 
//在compare增添的两个while()语句在这里发挥作用，倘若缺失,比如计算10/1,第二次的temp_str=00,按照compare函数的定义，00就会比1大了
                {
                    quotient = quotient + ch;
                    temp_str = MINUS_INT(temp_str, MULTIPLY_INT(str2, str));                    
break;
                }
            }
        }
        residue = temp_str;        //residue就不用判断前面是否带0，因为temp_str = MINUS_INT（...），MINUS_INT把0处理了

if(quotient[0]=='0')
            quotient.erase(0,1);        //商前面最多只有一个0
    }

if((sign1 == -1) && (quotient!="0"))        quotient = "-" + quotient;

if((sign2 == -1) && (residue != "0"))        residue = "-" + residue;

if(flag == 1) 
return quotient;
else 
return residue;
}



string to_str(int n)
{
string str;
while(n)
    {
        str.push_back(n%10+48);
        n=n/10;
    }
    reverse(str.begin(),str.end());
return str;
}
int main()
{
string num[105]={"1"};
for(int i=1;i<=100;++i)
    {
        num[i]=DIVIDE_INT(MULTIPLY_INT(num[i-1],to_str(4*i-2)),to_str(i+1),1);
    }
int n;
while(cin>>n&&n!=-1)
        cout<<num[n]<<endl;
return 0;
}