一、MySQL5.7安装步骤详解
1.上传文件
mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
2.解压文件
tar xvf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar
这里可能会包括两个文件
mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mysql-test-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
我们只用mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz。
tar zxvf mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
3.目录结构
[root@localhost ~]# tree mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64
├── bin
│ ├── innochecksum
│ ├── lz4_decompress
│ ├── myisamchk
│ ├── myisam_ftdump
│ ├── myisamlog
│ ├── myisampack
│ ├── ..............省略
├── COPYING
├── docs
│ ├── ChangeLog
│ ├── INFO_BIN
│ └── INFO_SRC
├── include
│ ├── big_endian.h
│ ├── binary_log_types.h
│ ├── byte_order_generic.h
│ ├── byte_order_generic_x86.h
│ ├── decimal.h
│ ├── ........省略
├── lib
│ ├── libmysqlclient.a
│ ├── libmysqlclient.so -> libmysqlclient.so.20
│ ├── libmysqlclient.so.20 -> libmysqlclient.so.20.3.7
│ ├── libmysqlclient.so.20.3.7
│ ├── libmysqld.a
│ ├── libmysqld-debug.a
│ ├── libmysqlservices.a
│ ├── .......省略
├── man
│ ├── man1
│ │ ├── comp_err.1
│ │ ├── .......省略
├── README
├── share
│ ├── aclocal
│ │ └── mysql.m4
│ ├── ........省略
└── support-files
├── magic
├── mysqld_multi.server
├── mysql-log-rotate
└── mysql.server
4.开始安装
(1)更改目录名
mv mysql-5.7.20-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql
(2)创建运行MySQL的用户和组
groupadd mysql
useradd mysql -g mysql
(3)创建MySQL数据安装路径
一般安装在/usr/local/下,当然也可以根据自己服务器来设置
mkdir -p /data1/mysql/data
(4)修改权限
chown -R mysql:mysql /data1/mysql
(5)安装依赖包
yum install libaio
(6)安装MySQL
A.初始化数据目录
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/data1/mysql --datadir=/data1/mysql/data (与之前版本不同的是,这步最后会有root登录密码,要记住)
B.创建配置文件
[root@localhost support-files]# cat /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
datadir=/data1/mysql/data
(如果已经有这个文件就不用传了)
C.启动MySQL服务
bin/mysqld_safe --basedir=/data1/mysql --datadir=/data1/mysql/data --user=mysql
D.将MySQL加入服务自启动
cp -f support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
E.拷贝命令
cp /usr/local/mysql/bin/* /usr/bin/ (便于以后使用命令)
之后都可以通过以下命令启动和关闭数据库
/etc/init.d/mysqld start
/etc/init.d/mysqld stop
(7)检查服务进程
[root@localhost support-files]# ps -ef |grep mysql|grep -v grep
root 21119 1 0 Nov18 ? 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data1/mysql/data --pid-file=/data1/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid
mysql 21224 21119 0 Nov18 ? 00:03:43 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data1/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=localhost.localdomain.err --pid-file=/data1/mysql/data/localhost.localdomain.pid
(8)登录MySQL
[root@localhost support-files]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 92
Server version: 5.7.20 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
5.修改root密码
set password=password('mysql');
flush privileges;