error: must use ‘class’ tag to refer to type ‘XXX’ in this scope

开发环境： Qt Creator 4.8.2
在写程序的时候，遇到了编译器报错

error: must use ‘class’ tag to refer to type ‘XXX’ in this scope

出错的代码部分如下:

Iterator* ConcreteAggregate::ConcreteIteratorDesc()
{
    return new ConcreteIteratorDesc(this);  //error: must use 'class' tag to refer to type 'ConcreteIteratorDesc' in this scope
}

根据提示，修改代码如下后，编译器错误消失

Iterator* ConcreteAggregate::ConcreteIteratorDesc()
{
//    return new ConcreteIteratorDesc(this);
    return new class ConcreteIteratorDesc(this);
}

经过排查，终于发现了这个错误的原因，首先定义了一个抽象类及其子类

class Aggregate
{
public:
    virtual Iterator* CreateIterator() = 0;
    virtual Iterator* ConcreteIteratorDesc() = 0;
    virtual vector<object>* GetVector() = 0;
};
//定义一个具体的聚合类
class ConcreteAggregate : public Aggregate
{
public:
    ConcreteAggregate();
    ~ConcreteAggregate();
    Iterator* CreateIterator() override;
    Iterator* ConcreteIteratorDesc() override;
    int GetCount() const;
    vector<object>* GetVector() override;
    object GetElement(int index);
private:
    vector<object>* items;
};

然后又定义了一个类

//实现从前向后的迭代器
class ConcreteIterator : public Iterator
{
public:
    //初始化时将具体的聚合对象传入
    ConcreteIterator(Aggregate* aggregate);
    object First() override;
    object Next() override;
    object CurrentItem() override;
    bool IsDone() override;
private:
    ConcreteAggregate* m_aggregate;  //定义了一个具体聚集对象
    int current;
};

注意看可以发现，新定义的类名为ConcreteIterator，而Aggregate类中有同名的函数

   virtual Iterator* ConcreteIteratorDesc() = 0;

在实现子类ConcreteAggregate的ConcreteIteratorDesc()函数时，编译器报错

Iterator* ConcreteAggregate::ConcreteIteratorDesc()
{
    return new ConcreteIteratorDesc(this);
//    return new class ConcreteIteratorDesc(this);
}

解决方案：

• 一种解决办法是在类前面加class，告诉编译器，调用关键字的位置是一个类

Iterator* ConcreteAggregate::ConcreteIteratorDesc()
{
    return new class ConcreteIteratorDesc(this);
}

• 另一种解决办法就是更换关键字

参考资料：
1 https://blog.csdn.net/fjjaylz/article/details/88744885 关于C++中class关键字的一种特别使用情况

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Manual-Linux/p/11165861.html