.net chart(图表)控件的使用

.Net chart control for .net framework 3.5

文章类型：原创文章

摘要:

这个案例指在介绍微软这套免费又功能强大的图表控件Microsoft Chart Controls for Microsoft .NET Framework 3.5,通过它，可让您的项目及报表，轻松套用各种功能强大的 2D、3D、实时变化的动态图表；且透过 AJAX，可让图表及里面的数据，每秒钟都持续更新；使用者透过浏览器，可和图表做各种互动设定

下面结合BBVS项目中温度功能模块中温度曲线的绘制 做了如下Demo,供大家学习微软的这款功能强大的图标控件，这里只是起一个抛砖引玉的作用，更多更好玩的功能还等大家不断进一步去挖掘！

首先，让大家瞧瞧Chart控件的庐山真面目和组成吧,不然有些对不住大家，呵呵

 

 

一、需引用的DLL

要想利用这个功能强大的控件，首先必须引用以下DLL和相关文件:

1. 在WinForm应用程序中要想使用该图表控件，需引用如下DLL:

System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Design.dll

System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.dll

System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.xml

2. 在Web应用程序中要想使用该图表控件，需引用如下DLL:

System.Web.DataVisualization.dll

System.Web.DataVisualization.Design.dll

System.Web.DataVisualization.xml

 

二、采用WinForm程序使用该图表控件

1. 创建一个WinForm工程: DemoCollection

2. 添加一个Form窗体: FrmChartDemo

3. 添加所需的DLL引用

4. 在该窗体的Load事件函数中动态创建好Chart对象实例

5. 添加一个Timer控件，在Timer控件的Tick事件函数中向Chart中添加坐标值(X值和Y值),然后在窗体中绘制出来.

6. FrmChartDemo的后台代码如下:

FrmChartDemo.cs:

 

View Code

using  System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting;

namespace  DemoCollection
{
     public   partial   class  FrmChartDemo : Form
    {
         #region  the variable definiton

         private  Chart chart1;
         private  Random random  =   new  Random();
         private   int  maxYValue  =   20 ;
         private   int  minYValue  =   0 ;

         #endregion

         #region  Ctor

         public  FrmChartDemo()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

             this .Load  +=   new  EventHandler(FrmChartDemo_Load);
             this .timer1.Tick  +=   new  EventHandler(timer1_Tick);
        }

         #endregion

         #region  the event handler

         void  FrmChartDemo_Load( object  sender, EventArgs e)
        {
             #region  from BBVS porject

             //  Create a Chart
            chart1  =   new  Chart();

             //  Create Chart Area
            ChartArea chartArea1  =   new  ChartArea();

             //  Add Chart Area to the Chart
            chart1.ChartAreas.Add(chartArea1);

             #region  Set the Chart

             //  Set the chart style
            chart1.BackGradientStyle  =  System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.GradientStyle.TopBottom;
            chart1.BackSecondaryColor  =  System.Drawing.Color.White;
            chart1.BorderlineColor  =  System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb((( int )((( byte )( 26 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 59 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 105 )))));
            chart1.BorderlineDashStyle  =  System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.ChartDashStyle.Solid;
            chart1.BorderlineWidth  =   2 ;
            chart1.BorderSkin.SkinStyle  =  System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.BorderSkinStyle.Emboss;
            chart1.BackColor  =  Color.SteelBlue;
            chart1.Dock  =  DockStyle.Fill;

            chartArea1.Area3DStyle.Inclination  =   15 ;
            chartArea1.Area3DStyle.IsClustered  =   true ;
            chartArea1.Area3DStyle.IsRightAngleAxes  =   false ;
            chartArea1.Area3DStyle.Perspective  =   10 ;
            chartArea1.Area3DStyle.Rotation  =   10 ;
            chartArea1.Area3DStyle.WallWidth  =   0 ;

             //  设置是否启用 3D 效果
             // chartArea1.Area3DStyle.Enable3D = true;

            chartArea1.AxisX.LabelStyle.Font  =   new  System.Drawing.Font( " Trebuchet MS " ,  8.25F , System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold);
            chartArea1.AxisX.LabelStyle.Format  =   " hh:mm:ss " ;
            chartArea1.AxisX.LabelStyle.Interval  =  5D;  //  10D;
            chartArea1.AxisX.LabelStyle.IntervalType  =  System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.DateTimeIntervalType.Seconds;

            chartArea1.AxisX.LineColor  =  System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb((( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))));
            chartArea1.AxisX.MajorGrid.Interval  =  5D;  //  10D;
            chartArea1.AxisX.MajorGrid.IntervalType  =  System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.DateTimeIntervalType.Seconds;
            chartArea1.AxisX.MajorGrid.LineColor  =  System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb((( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))));
            chartArea1.AxisX.MajorTickMark.Interval  =  5D;  //  10D;
            chartArea1.AxisX.MajorTickMark.IntervalType  =  System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.DateTimeIntervalType.Seconds;

            chartArea1.AxisY.IsLabelAutoFit  =   false ;
            chartArea1.AxisY.IsStartedFromZero  =   false ;
            chartArea1.AxisY.LabelStyle.Font  =   new  System.Drawing.Font( " Trebuchet MS " ,  8.25F , System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold);
            chartArea1.AxisY.LineColor  =  System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb((( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))));
            chartArea1.AxisY.MajorGrid.LineColor  =  System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb((( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))));

             #region  设置 Y 轴的 最大值和 最小值

            chartArea1.AxisY.Maximum  =   this .maxYValue  +   6 ; 
            chartArea1.AxisY.Minimum  =   this .minYValue  -   6 ;

             #endregion

            chartArea1.BackColor  =  System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb((( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 165 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 191 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 228 )))));
            chartArea1.BackGradientStyle  =  System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.GradientStyle.TopBottom;
            chartArea1.BackSecondaryColor  =  System.Drawing.Color.White;
            chartArea1.BorderColor  =  System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb((( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))));
            chartArea1.BorderDashStyle  =  System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.ChartDashStyle.Solid;

            chartArea1.InnerPlotPosition.Auto  =   false ;
            chartArea1.InnerPlotPosition.Height  =  85F;
            chartArea1.InnerPlotPosition.Width  =  86F;
            chartArea1.InnerPlotPosition.X  =   8.3969F ;
            chartArea1.InnerPlotPosition.Y  =   3.63068F ;

            chartArea1.Name  =   " Default " ;
            chartArea1.Position.Auto  =   false ;
            chartArea1.Position.Height  =   86.76062F ;
            chartArea1.Position.Width  =  88F;
            chartArea1.Position.X  =   5.089137F ;
            chartArea1.Position.Y  =   5.895753F ;
            chartArea1.ShadowColor  =  System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;

             #endregion

             #region  Create a Legend

            Legend legend1  =   new  Legend();
            legend1.Alignment  =  System.Drawing.StringAlignment.Far;
            legend1.BackColor  =  System.Drawing.Color.Transparent;
            legend1.DockedToChartArea  =   " Default " ;
            legend1.Docking  =  System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.Docking.Top;
            legend1.Font  =   new  System.Drawing.Font( " Trebuchet MS " ,  8.25F , System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold);
            legend1.IsTextAutoFit  =   false ;
            legend1.LegendStyle  =  System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.LegendStyle.Row;
            legend1.Name  =   " Default " ;
            chart1.Legends.Add(legend1);

             #endregion

             #region  Create a Series

            Series series1  =   new  Series();
            series1.BorderColor  =  System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb((( int )((( byte )( 180 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 26 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 59 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 105 )))));
            series1.ChartArea  =   " Default " ;
            series1.ChartType  =  System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.SeriesChartType.FastLine; // Line;
            series1.Color  =  System.Drawing.Color.FromArgb((( int )((( byte )( 224 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 64 )))), (( int )((( byte )( 10 )))));

            series1.Legend  =   " Default " ;
            series1.Name  =   " Series1 " ;
            series1.ShadowOffset  =   1 ;
            series1.YValuesPerPoint  =   2 ;
            chart1.Series.Add(series1);

             //  设置是否在 Chart 中显示 坐标点值
            series1.IsValueShownAsLabel  =   true ;

             #endregion

             //  Set chart control location
            chart1.Location  =   new  System.Drawing.Point( 0 ,  0 );

             //  Add chart control to the form
             this .Controls.AddRange( new  System.Windows.Forms.Control[] {  this .chart1 });

             #endregion
        }

         void  timer1_Tick( object  sender, EventArgs e)
        {
             double  tempValue  =   0.0 ;

             //  随机产生 温度值
            tempValue  =  random.Next( this .minYValue,  this .maxYValue);

            DateTime timeStamp  =  DateTime.Now;
             double  xValue  =  DateTime.Now.ToOADate();

             //  向 Chart中 添加 X轴 和 Y轴的 值
            chart1.Series[ " Series1 " ].Points.AddXY(xValue, tempValue);

             //  remove all points from the source series older than 20 seconds.
             double  removeBefore  =  timeStamp.AddSeconds(( double )( 20 )  *  ( - 1 )).ToOADate();

             // remove oldest values to maintain a constant number of data points
             if  (chart1.Series[ 0 ].Points.Count  >   0 )
            {
                 while  (chart1.Series[ 0 ].Points[ 0 ].XValue  <  removeBefore)
                {
                    chart1.Series[ 0 ].Points.RemoveAt( 0 );
                }

                chart1.ChartAreas[ 0 ].AxisX.Minimum  =  chart1.Series[ 0 ].Points[ 0 ].XValue;
                chart1.ChartAreas[ 0 ].AxisX.Maximum  =  DateTime.FromOADate(chart1.Series[ 0 ].Points[ 0 ].XValue).AddSeconds( 20 ).ToOADate();
            }
             else
            {
                 // chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Minimum = (double)minTempThreshold;
                 // chart1.ChartAreas[0].AxisX.Maximum = (double)maxTempThreshold;
            }

            chart1.Invalidate();
        }

         #endregion
    }
}

 

三、运行结果如下

1. 运行效果如下:

 

该图表的意义是：Y轴显示的是温度值，X轴显示的是时间值. 除此之外，我们也可以改变Chart控件的相关属性来改变其显示样式.

如：

2. 添加代码:

//  设置是否启用 3D效果
chartArea1.Area3DStyle.Enable3D  =   true ;

以3D效果显示Chart控件

 

 

3. 添加代码:

//  设置是否显示 坐标点值
series1.IsValueShownAsLabel  =   true ;

 

显示坐标点值

 

 

4. 添加代码:

 

//  已曲线形式显示温度值
series1.ChartType  =  System.Windows.Forms.DataVisualization.Charting.SeriesChartType.Spline;

已曲线形式显示温度值

 

谢谢阅读，希望该文对您有所帮助，欢迎转载!版权所有!

相关学习参考资料:

http://www.cnblogs.com/WizardWu/archive/2008/11/01/1324097.html

http://www.cnblogs.com/fhmsha/archive/2008/11/26/new_asp_dot_net_chart_is_released.html

 

 

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/zqblog007/archive/2011/05/10/2041790.html