console控制台:使用<winsock2.h> 和 ws2_32.lib 参考:孙鑫C++课程14
TCP:面对连接的、安全的通信
// TcpSrv.cpp /
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS //用sprintf,而不必强制使用sprintf_s 不报错
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
void main()
{
WORD wVersionRequested;
WSADATA wsaData;
int err;
wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(1, 1);
//WSAStartup() initiates use of Ws2_32.dll by a process.
err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
if (err != 0) {
return;
}
if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1 ||
HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1) {
WSACleanup();
return;
}
//1.创建流式套接字,基于TCP(SOCK_STREAM)
SOCKET sockSrv = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
//socket地址结构体
SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;//除了sin_family,其余都需要转换为网络字节序
addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;
addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);//转换Unsigned long型为网络字节序格式, INADDR_ANY表示接受多个IP地址的回应信息
addrSrv.sin_port = htons(6000);//端口6000,转换unsigned short为网络字节序
//2.将套接字绑定到一个端口号和本地地址上
bind(sockSrv, (SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, sizeof(SOCKADDR));
//3.监听
listen(sockSrv, 5);
//
SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;//定义用来接收客户端Socket的结构体
int len = sizeof(SOCKADDR);//初始化参数,这个参数必须进行初始化
//4.循环等待接受客户端发送请求
while (true)
{
//等待客户请求到来;当请求到来后,接受连接请求,
//返回一个新的对应于此次连接的套接字(sockConnect)。
//接受Client请求,阻塞
SOCKET sockConnect = accept(sockSrv, (SOCKADDR*)&addrClient, &len);
//发送数据
char buf[100];//inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr)将IP地址转换为字符串,像 "192.168.0.5"
sprintf(buf, "Welcome %s to my little world.", inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr));
send(sockConnect, buf, strlen(buf) + 1, 0);//多发一个,为了\0结尾
//接收数据
char recvBuf[100] = { 0 };
recv(sockConnect, recvBuf, sizeof(recvBuf), 0);
cout << recvBuf << endl;
//5.关闭socket
closesocket(sockConnect);
}
// WSACleanup();
return ;
}
//
/ TcpClient.cpp
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS //用sprintf,而不必强制使用sprintf_s 不报错
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
void main()
{
WORD wVersionRequested;
WSADATA wsaData;
int err;
wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(1, 1);
//WSAStartup() initiates use of Ws2_32.dll by a process.
err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
if (err != 0) {
return;
}
if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1 ||
HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1) {
WSACleanup();
return;
}
//1.创建Client端的Socket
SOCKET sockClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
//2.连接Server地址
SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;
addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");//inet_addr 将IP字符串转为ULONG类型数值
addrSrv.sin_port = htons(6000);//Port:6000
connect(sockClient, (SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, sizeof(SOCKADDR));
//接收
char recvBuf[100] = { 0 };
recv(sockClient, recvBuf, sizeof(recvBuf), 0);
cout << recvBuf << endl;
//发送
char* buf = "This is lisi.";
send(sockClient, buf, strlen(buf) + 1, 0);
//3.关闭套接字
closesocket(sockClient);
WSACleanup();//终止套接字库的使用
}
总结:
TCP服务端
1. 创建流套接字(SOCK_STREAM)sockSrv
2. 绑定本地IP地址和端口 bind(...)
3. 监听 listen(...)
4. 等待Client端连接 accept(...) 此函数获得Client端的SOCKADDR(包括IP地址,端口等)
5. 发送数据或接收数据 send( ) / recv( )
6. 关闭套接字
TCP客户端
1. 创建流套接字
2. 连接Server端,connect( )
3. 发送或接收数据 send recv
4. 关闭套接字
UDP服务器端
1. 创建数据报套接字(SOCK_DGRAM)sockSrv
2. bind 本地的IP地址 SOCKADDR(实际用 SOCKADDR_IN)
3. 接收数据 recvfrom(..) 此函数保存CLient端的 SOCKADDR(IP地址等) 发送数据 sendto()
4. 关闭套接字
UDP客户端
1. 创建数据报套接字(SOCK_DGRAM)sockClient
2. 给Server端发送数据 sendto() 接收数据 recvfrom( )
3. 关闭套接字
UDP:面向无连接,不安全的,即时通信
// UdpSrv.cpp /
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS //用sprintf,而不必强制使用sprintf_s 不报错
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
void main()
{
WORD wVersionRequested;
WSADATA wsaData;
int err;
wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(1, 1);
//WSAStartup() initiates use of Ws2_32.dll by a process.
err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
if (err != 0) {
return;
}
if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1 ||
HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1) {
WSACleanup();
return;
}
//1.创建数据报套接字,基于UDP(SOCK_DGRAM)
SOCKET sockSrv = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
//socket地址结构体
SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;//除了sin_family,其余都需要转换为网络字节序
addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;
addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);//转换Unsigned long型为网络字节序格式, INADDR_ANY表示接受多个IP地址的回应信息
addrSrv.sin_port = htons(6000);//端口6000,转换unsigned short为网络字节序
//2.将套接字绑定到一个端口号和本地地址上
bind(sockSrv, (SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, sizeof(SOCKADDR));
//
SOCKADDR_IN addrClient;//定义用来接收客户端Socket的结构体
int len = sizeof(SOCKADDR);//初始化参数,这个参数必须进行初始化
//接收数据 recvfrom 将Client端的IP地址,端口号等存到addrClient
char recvBuf[100] = { 0 };
recvfrom(sockSrv, recvBuf, sizeof(recvBuf), 0,(SOCKADDR*)&addrClient,&len);//阻塞
cout << inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr)//inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr)将IP地址转换为字符串,像 "192.168.0.5"
<< " say: "<< recvBuf << endl;
//发送数据 sendto
cout << "Please input something for sending: ";
char sendBuf[100];
gets(sendBuf);//从屏幕获取一行字符串存到sendBuf中
sendto(sockSrv, sendBuf, strlen(sendBuf) + 1, 0, (SOCKADDR*)&addrClient, len);//多发一个,为了\0结尾
//3.关闭socket
closesocket(sockSrv);
WSACleanup();
system("pause");
return;
}
///
// UdpClient.cpp /
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS //用sprintf,而不必强制使用sprintf_s 不报错
#include <winsock2.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
#pragma comment(lib,"ws2_32.lib")
void main()
{
WORD wVersionRequested;
WSADATA wsaData;
int err;
wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(1, 1);
//WSAStartup() initiates use of Ws2_32.dll by a process.
err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
if (err != 0) {
return;
}
if (LOBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1 ||
HIBYTE(wsaData.wVersion) != 1) {
WSACleanup();
return;
}
//1.创建套接字
SOCKET sockClient = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0);
//发送
SOCKADDR_IN addrSrv;
addrSrv.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1");
addrSrv.sin_family = AF_INET;
addrSrv.sin_port = htons(6000);
cout << "Please input something for sending: ";
char sendBuf[100];
gets(sendBuf);
sendto(sockClient, sendBuf, strlen(sendBuf), 0, (SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, sizeof(SOCKADDR));
//接收数据 recvfrom
char recvBuf[100] = { 0 };
int len = sizeof(SOCKADDR);
recvfrom(sockClient, recvBuf, sizeof(recvBuf), 0, (SOCKADDR*)&addrSrv, &len);//阻塞
cout << inet_ntoa(addrSrv.sin_addr)//inet_ntoa(addrClient.sin_addr)将IP地址转换为字符串,像 "192.168.0.5"
<< " say: " << recvBuf << endl;
//2.关闭套接字
closesocket(sockClient);
WSACleanup();
system("pause");
}
///
MFC的Socket通信:使用#include <afxsock.h>中MFC封装的类CSocket