python函数形参,在python中传递一个公式作为函数参数

I want to pass a formula within a function parameter in Python where the formula is a combination of the other function parameters. In principle this would look like this:

myfunction(x=2,y=2,z=1,formula="x+2*y/z")

6

or more generaly:

def myformula(x,y,z,formula):

return formula(x,y,z)

This would allow the user to choose any arithmetic expression in terms of x, y, and z without having to create a new function.

One of the possibility I foresee is to convert the string in line of code within the function. Anything possible like that in Python? Or any other ideas?

Thanks

解决方案

Using sympy, you could evaluate mathematical expressions:

import sympy as sy

def myformula(formula, **kwargs):

expr = sy.sympify(formula)

return expr.evalf(subs=kwargs)

print(myformula(x=2,y=2,z=1,formula="x+2*y/z"))

# 6.00000000000000

print(myformula(x=2,y=2,z=1,formula="sin(x+y-z)"))

# 0.141120008059867

But note that sympy.sympify does use eval which makes it unsafe to apply to arbitrary user input

since strings can be composed to trick eval into executing arbitrary Python code.

A safer alternative is to build a parser to parse a strictly limited mathematical expressions.

Here are a few examples