简介
本案例主要完成了springMVC的基本配置,可针对响应的HTTP URL返回数据与视图
一、###web.xml的配置
要使springMVC生效,首先需要对web.xml进行配置,配置springMVC的前端控制器(即入口servlet)
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<display-name>SpringMVC Web Application</display-name>
<!-- 配置springMVC前端控制器(即访问的统一入口) -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- contextConfigLocation配置springmvc加载的配置文件(配置处理器映射器、适配器等等)
如果不配置,默认加载的事/WEB-INF/servlet名称-servlet.xml -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<!--
常用两种配置方式
第一种:*.action,访问以.action结尾的,由DispatcherServlet解析
第二种:/,所有访问的地址都由DispacherServlet进行解析,对于静态文件的解析需要配置不让DispacherServlet进
行解析,
使用此种方式可以实现RESTful风格的url
-->
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
二、springMVC配置文件配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd">
<!-- 处理器配置 -->
<!-- 指定扫描controller的jar包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.springmvc.controller"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 处理器映射器配置 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 处理器适配器配置 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<!-- 视图解析器配置配置 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"></bean>
</beans>
三、Controller编写
package com.springmvc.controller;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import com.springmvc.domain.User;
//此注解使得注解扫描器将此Controller加载进spring IOC容器进行管理
@Controller
public class UserController {
//此注解建立URL与此处理方法的映射关系
@RequestMapping("/queryUser")
public ModelAndView queryUser() {
//模拟后台数据
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("nlskyfree");
user.setEmail("heheda@163.com");
//返回数据与视图
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
//返回的视图
modelAndView.setViewName("/WEB-INF/jsp/user.jsp");
//设置数据,相当于request.setAttribute
modelAndView.addObject("user", user);
return modelAndView;
}
}
package com.springmvc.domain;
public class User {
private String username;
private String email;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
}
五、JSP页面编写与
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<body>
<h2>Hello World!</h2>
${user.username}<br/>
${user.email}
</body>
</html>