最近一直在学习 WPF,看着别人做的WPF程序那么漂亮,眼红啊~ 很多漂亮的程序都是无边框的。于是无边框窗口操作就是最重要的了。无边框窗口的操作一直以来相关的资料就很少。WPF 下的就更少了,有的大多是无边框窗体的移动。在得到群里高人的指点,再查了一些资料之后,终于把问题解决了。
废话不多说,直接来看看如何实现吧!其实现原理很简单:拦截并处理 Windows 消息:WM_NCHITTEST。
WPF 处理 Windows 消息的模式和 WinForm 不一样了。Window 类里没有 WndProc 函数了,想要截取 Windows 消息必须借助 HwndSource 添加 Hook。
借助 HwndSource 注册 WndProc
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protected override void OnSourceInitialized(EventArgs e)
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{
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base.OnSourceInitialized(e);
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HwndSource hwndSource = PresentationSource.FromVisual(this) as HwndSource;
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if (hwndSource != null)
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{
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hwndSource.AddHook(new HwndSourceHook(this.WndProc));
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}
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}
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protected virtual IntPtr WndProc(IntPtr hwnd, int msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, ref bool handled)
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{
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return IntPtr.Zero;
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}
OK,WndProc 注册完成之后就可以通过 WndProc 函数完成对Windows消息的处理了。可以发现,这里的 WndProc 和标准的 Win32 消息循环很像,只是多了一个 ref bool handled 参数,对于该参数MSDN是这样说明的:指示该消息是否已处理的值。如果该消息已处理,请将值设置为 true;否则请将其设置为 false。 在下面我们将会使用到这个参数数。
通过 WndProc 实现无边框窗体改变大小和拖动
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private const int WM_NCHITTEST = 0x0084;
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private readonly int agWidth = 12; //拐角宽度
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private readonly int bThickness = 4; // 边框宽度
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private Point mousePoint = new Point(); //鼠标坐标
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protected virtual IntPtr WndProc(IntPtr hwnd, int msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, ref bool handled)
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{
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switch (msg)
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{
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case WM_NCHITTEST:
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this.mousePoint.X = (lParam.ToInt32() &0xFFFF);
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this.mousePoint.Y = (lParam.ToInt32() >> 16);
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测试鼠标位置#region 测试鼠标位置
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// 窗口左上角
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if (this.mousePoint.Y - this.Top <= this.agWidth
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&& this.mousePoint.X - this.Left <= this.agWidth)
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{
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handled = true;
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return new IntPtr((int)HitTest.HTTOPLEFT);
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}
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// 窗口左下角
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else if (this.ActualHeight + this.Top - this.mousePoint.Y <= this.agWidth
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&& this.mousePoint.X - this.Left <= this.agWidth)
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{
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handled = true;
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return new IntPtr((int)HitTest.HTBOTTOMLEFT);
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}
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// 窗口右上角
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else if (this.mousePoint.Y - this.Top <= this.agWidth
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&& this.ActualWidth + this.Left - this.mousePoint.X <= this.agWidth)
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{
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handled = true;
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return new IntPtr((int)HitTest.HTTOPRIGHT);
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}
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// 窗口右下角
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else if (this.ActualWidth + this.Left - this.mousePoint.X <= this.agWidth
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&& this.ActualHeight + this.Top - this.mousePoint.Y <= this.agWidth)
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{
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handled = true;
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return new IntPtr((int)HitTest.HTBOTTOMRIGHT);
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}
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// 窗口左侧
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else if (this.mousePoint.X - this.Left <= this.bThickness)
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{
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handled = true;
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return new IntPtr((int)HitTest.HTLEFT);
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}
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// 窗口右侧
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else if (this.ActualWidth + this.Left - this.mousePoint.X <= this.bThickness)
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{
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handled = true;
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return new IntPtr((int)HitTest.HTRIGHT);
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}
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// 窗口上方
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else if (this.mousePoint.Y - this.Top <= this.bThickness)
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{
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handled = true;
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return new IntPtr((int)HitTest.HTTOP);
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}
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// 窗口下方
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else if (this.ActualHeight + this.Top - this.mousePoint.Y <= this.bThickness)
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{
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handled = true;
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return new IntPtr((int)HitTest.HTBOTTOM);
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}
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else // 窗口移动
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{
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handled = true;
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return new IntPtr((int)HitTest.HTCAPTION);
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}
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#endregion
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}
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return IntPtr.Zero;
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}
从上面的代码可以看出,工作原理很简单:截取 WM_NCHITTEST 消息,获得鼠标坐标,再在你希望的地方返回不同的消息以模拟鼠标的状态即可。需要注意的是,返回消息之前必须将handled 设为 true。告诉系统你已经处理过该消息,不然无效果。
关于 HitTest 是自定义的枚举类,里面包含了鼠标的各种消息。
HitTest
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public enum HitTest:int
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{
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HTERROR = -2,
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HTTRANSPARENT = -1,
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HTNOWHERE = 0,
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HTCLIENT = 1,
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HTCAPTION = 2,
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HTSYSMENU = 3,
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HTGROWBOX = 4,
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HTSIZE = HTGROWBOX,
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HTMENU = 5,
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HTHSCROLL = 6,
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HTVSCROLL = 7,
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HTMINBUTTON = 8,
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HTMAXBUTTON = 9,
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HTLEFT = 10,
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HTRIGHT = 11,
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HTTOP = 12,
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HTTOPLEFT = 13,
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HTTOPRIGHT = 14,
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HTBOTTOM = 15,
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HTBOTTOMLEFT = 16,
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HTBOTTOMRIGHT = 17,
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HTBORDER = 18,
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HTREDUCE = HTMINBUTTON,
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HTZOOM = HTMAXBUTTON,
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HTSIZEFIRST = HTLEFT,
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HTSIZELAST = HTBOTTOMRIGHT,
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HTOBJECT = 19,
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HTCLOSE = 20,
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HTHELP = 21,
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}
在结束之前,先要感谢一下 WPF SL 技术超级群(10458228) 和群主 法拉力 还有高手 萧长老 是 法拉力 提供了一个非常好的交流环境,群里的朋友都很热情。这篇文章的完成得益于萧长老 的指点和提供的资料(http://social.msdn.microsoft.com/Forums/en-US/wpf/thread/77b566aa-be88-47a4-8c29-b1e44946348e/)。萧长老 的Blog http://www.cnblogs.com/jinkeungsiu。
再次感谢他们~!