GSON详细使用说明

GSON是一个google提供开源类库，可以实现java对象和json字符串的互相转换。Gson（又称Google Gson）是Google公司发布的一个开放源代码的Java库，主要用途为序列化Java对象为JSON字符串，或反序列化JSON字符串成Java对象。

    课下可以看一下json开源组织的网站：

    http://www.json.org/json-zh.html

   

建立java项目，先导入GSON的jar包。为了测试Gson的作用，我们定义两个java类：

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package com.bjsxt.bean;     public class User {      private int id;      private String uname;      private Address addr;            private int age;                        public int getAge() {          return age;      }      public void setAge( int age) {          this .age = age;      }      public int getId() {          return id;      }      public void setId( int id) {          this .id = id;      }      public String getUname() {          return uname;      }      public void setUname(String uname) {          this .uname = uname;      }      public Address getAddr() {          return addr;      }      public void setAddr(Address addr) {          this .addr = addr;      }      public User( int id, String uname, Address addr) {          super ();          this .id = id;          this .uname = uname;          this .addr = addr;      }            public User() {          // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub      } }

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package com.bjsxt.bean;   public class Address {      private String country;      private String city;      public String getCountry() {          return country;      }      public void setCountry(String country) {          this .country = country;      }      public String getCity() {          return city;      }      public void setCity(String city) {          this .city = city;      }      public Address(String country, String city) {          super ();          this .country = country;          this .city = city;      }      public Address() {      } }

将java对象转成json字符串

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public static void obj2JsonDemo(){          Address bj = new Address( "中国" , "北京" );          User u = new User( 1001 , "高淇" , bj);                    Gson gson = new Gson();          System.out.println(gson.toJson(u)); //{"id":1001,"uname":"高淇","addr":{"country":"中国","city":"北京"}}      }

结果如下：

1	{ "id" :1001, "uname" : "高淇" , "addr" :{ "country" : "中国" , "city" : "北京" }}

将容器中的对象转成json字符串

 

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public static void list2JsonDemo(){          Address bj = new Address( "中国" , "北京" );          User u = new User( 1001 , "高淇" , bj);          Address sh = new Address( "中国" , "上海" );          User u2 = new User( 1002 , "马士兵" , sh);                    List list = new ArrayList();          list.add(u);          list.add(u2);                    Gson gson = new Gson();          System.out.println(gson.toJson(list));      }

执行该方法结果如下：

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[      { "id" :1001, "uname" : "高淇" , "addr" :{ "country" : "中国" , "city" : "北京" }},      { "id" :1002, "uname" : "马士兵" , "addr" :{ "country" : "中国" , "city" : "上海" }} ]

JSON字符串转成java对象

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public static void json2Obj(){          String s1 = "{\"id\":1001,\"uname\":\"高淇\",\"addr\":{\"country\":\"中国\",\"city\":\"北京\"}}" ;          Gson gson = new Gson();          User u = gson.fromJson(s1, User. class );          System.out.println(u.getUname());      }

JSON字符串转成容器对象

 

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public static void json2List(){          String s1 = "[{\"id\":1001,\"uname\":\"高淇\",\"addr\":{\"country\":\"中国\",\"city\":\"北京\"}}," +                  "{\"id\":1002,\"uname\":\"马士兵\",\"addr\":{\"country\":\"中国\",\"city\":\"上海\"}}]" ;          Gson gson = new Gson();          List<User> list = gson.fromJson(s1, new TypeToken<List<User>>(){}.getType());          System.out.println(list.get( 1 ).getUname());      }

@Expose注解和@SerializedName注解的使用

 

使用Gson的@Expose注解和@SerializedName ，更加细微控制java对象转成json字符串。

 

@Expose控制是否序列化指定属性

@Expose(serialize=true)

private String uname;

@SerializedName控制java对象属性转成json对象的属性名：

    @SerializedName("年龄")

    private int age;

使用注解定义如下新的java类：

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package com.bjsxt.bean;   import com.google.gson.annotations.Expose; import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;   /**   * 测试使用Gson的@Expose注解和@SerializedName   * @author dell   *   */ public class User2 {      @Expose (serialize= false )      private int id;      @Expose (serialize= true )      private String uname;                  @Expose (serialize= true )      @SerializedName ( "年龄" )      private int age;        public int getId() {          return id;      }        public void setId( int id) {          this .id = id;      }        public String getUname() {          return uname;      }        public void setUname(String uname) {          this .uname = uname;      }          public int getAge() {          return age;      }        public void setAge( int age) {          this .age = age;      }        public User2( int id, String uname, int age) {          super ();          this .id = id;          this .uname = uname;          this .age = age;      }            public User2() {          // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub      }       }

测试使用注解转化json字符串：

 

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public static void obj2JsonDemoWithAnnotation(){      User2 u = new User2( 1001 , "高淇" , 18 );            Gson gson = new GsonBuilder().excludeFieldsWithoutExposeAnnotation().create();      System.out.println(gson.toJson(u)); }

结果：

 

1	{ "uname" : "高淇" , "年龄" :18}

    我们发现，age在json字符串中变成了“年龄”，id由于@Expose(serialize=false)没有在json中生成ID相关的内容。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/openlearn/p/6064741.html