多线程下的内存释放问题

最新推荐文章于 2024-07-10 03:40:33 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-07-10 03:40:33 发布

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/xuxu8511/p/3146761.html

版权

本文探讨了在多线程环境下内存管理遇到的问题，包括浅拷贝导致的析构错误和线程间内存访问冲突。通过引入`share_ptr`智能指针，解决了内存释放和并发访问的安全性问题，建议在多线程场景下使用智能指针以简化内存管理并提高程序稳定性。

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问题由来，

考虑设计一个内存池类，http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/linux/l-cn-ppp/index6.html?ca=drs-cn。

内存池类代码如下：

.h文件

 1 #pragma once
 2 
 3 
 4 #include <memory>
 5 #include <iostream>
 6 #include <windows.h>
 7 using namespace std;
 8 
 9 
10 #define USHORT    unsigned int
11 #define ULONG      unsigned long 
12 #define MEMPOOL_ALIGNMENT  4
13 
14 #pragma warning( disable : 4291 )
15 
16 struct MemoryBlock
17 {
18     unsigned short          nSize;
19     unsigned short          nFree;
20     unsigned short          nFirst;
21     //std::shared_ptr<MemoryBlock> pNext;
22     MemoryBlock*            pNext;
23     char                    aData[1];
24 
25     static void* operator new(size_t, unsigned short nTypes, unsigned short nUnitSize)
26     {
27         return ::operator new(sizeof(MemoryBlock) + nTypes * nUnitSize);
28     }
29 
30     static void  operator delete(void *p, size_t)
31     {
32         ::operator delete (p);
33     }
34 
35     MemoryBlock (unsigned short nTypes = 1, unsigned short nUnitSize = 0);
36     ~MemoryBlock() {}
37 
38 };
39 
40 class MemoryPool
41 {
42 private:
43     //std::shared_ptr<MemoryBlock>  pBlock;
44     MemoryBlock*            pBlock;
45     unsigned short          nUnitSize;
46     unsigned short          nInitCount;
47     unsigned short          nGrowSize;
48     CRITICAL_SECTION        allocSection;
49     CRITICAL_SECTION        freeSection;
50 
51 public:
52     static unsigned char   nMemoryIsDeleteFlag;            //标记MemoryPool内存是否释放
53 
54 public:
55                      MemoryPool( unsigned short nUnitSize,
56                                  unsigned short nInitCount = 1024,
57                                  unsigned short nGrowSize = 256 );
58                     ~MemoryPool();
59 
60     void*           Alloc();
61     void            Free( void* p );
62 };

View Code

.cpp文件

  1 #include "Memory.h"
  2 
  3 
  4 MemoryBlock::MemoryBlock(unsigned short nTypes /* = 1 */, unsigned short nUnitSize /* = 0 */)
  5     : nSize( nTypes * nUnitSize )
  6     , nFree( nTypes - 1 )
  7     , nFirst(1)
  8     , pNext(NULL)
  9 {
 10     char * pData = aData;                  
 11     for (unsigned short i = 1; i < nTypes; i++) 
 12     {
 13         *reinterpret_cast<unsigned short*>(pData) = i; 
 14         pData += nUnitSize;
 15     }
 16 }
 17 
 18 //不允许其他地方修改
 19 unsigned char MemoryPool::nMemoryIsDeleteFlag = 0;
 20 
 21 // UnitSize值不宜设置为过大值
 22 MemoryPool::MemoryPool( unsigned short _nUnitSize, unsigned short _nInitCount , \
 23     unsigned short _nGrowSize  ) 
 24 {
 25     if ( _nUnitSize > 4 )
 26         nUnitSize = (_nUnitSize + (MEMPOOL_ALIGNMENT-1)) & ~(MEMPOOL_ALIGNMENT-1); 
 27     else if ( _nUnitSize <= 2 )
 28         nUnitSize = 2;              
 29     else
 30         nUnitSize = 4;
 31 
 32     nUnitSize = _nUnitSize;
 33     nInitCount = _nInitCount;
 34     nGrowSize = _nGrowSize;
 35     pBlock = NU