ubuntu16.04部署oracle11.2.0.4

Ubuntu安装oracle数据库

 

 

1.基础环境

1.liunx内核信息   2.oracle版本 ：11.2.0.4   3.jdk 版本： 注：jdk版本无限制 4. 查询系统的参数 /sbin/sysctl -a | grep sem /sbin/sysctl -a | grep file-max /sbin/sysctl -a | grep aio-max /sbin/sysctl -a | grep ip_local_port_range /sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_default /sbin/sysctl -a | grep rmem_max /sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_default /sbin/sysctl -a | grep wmem_max /sbin/sysctl -a | grep shmall /sbin/sysctl -a | grep shmmax /sbin/sysctl -a | grep shmmni vi /etc/sysctl.conf  #更改参数 加入： fs.aio-max-nr = 65536 fs.file-max = 1637370 kernel.shmall = 1844674407369277439 kernel.shmmax = 18446744073692774399 kernel.shmmni = 4096 kernel.sem = 32000 1024000000 500 32000 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 32768 60999 net.core.rmem_default = 212992 net.core.rmem_max = 212992 net.core.wmem_default = 212992 net.core.wmem_max = 212992 注：数值为查询到的系统参数 5. vnc工具

2.部署前准备

1.建立oracle用户： #创建oracle用户组和用户 groupadd dba useradd -g dba -m oracle # 为该用户指定命令解释程序（通常为/bin/bash） usermod -s /bin/bash oracle #为该用户指定用户主目录 usermod -d /home/oracle oracle #为oracle用户设置密码 passwd  oracle       # 配置oracle用户sudo的权限 chmod +w  /etc/sudoers vi /etc/sudoers  加入 ：oracle  ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL   保存 撤销/etc/sudoers写的权限 chmod -w  /etc/sudoers 修改前： 修改后：     2.配置jdk #查看是否有jdk的环境 java -version     #安装jdk sudo mkdir /opt/jdk #创建jdk文件夹 #文件权限设置 sudo chmod 755 / sudo chmod 755 /opt sudo chmod 755/opt/jdk #解压jdk到/opt/jdk目录下（文件已提前上传） sudo chmod 755 jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz tar -zxvf jdk-8u171-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /opt/jdk/ #配置jdk环境变量 vim /etc/profile  # 加入 export JAVA_HOME=/opt/jdk/jdk1.8.0_171 export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH export CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/ext:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar source /etc/profile #使环境变量生效 java -version     3.安装软件包 binutils libcap-dev libstdc++5 gcc g++ libc6 libc6-dev ksh libaio1 libaio-dev lib32gcc1 libgcc1 libstdc++6 libstdc++6-4.7-dev libxi6 libxtst6 make sysstat unzip apt-file 注：测试机器中外网是通的，在正式环境下需要提前下号包 切换apt-get的源的网易源 sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list  /etc/apt/sources.list_bak  #备份source.list  vi /etc/apt/sources.list #改为下面的源 deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-proposed main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #更新apt apt-get update #安装软件  sudo apt-get install binutils libcap-dev libstdc++5 gcc g++ libc6 libc6-dev ksh libaio1 libaio-dev lib32gcc1 libgcc1 libstdc++6 libstdc++6-4.7-dev libxi6 libxtst6 make sysstat unzip apt-file               4.安装前配置 #用户内核限制   vi /etc/security/limits.conf oracle soft nproc 2047 oracle hard nproc 16384 oracle soft nofile 1024 oracle hard nofile 65536 oracle soft stack 10240 注：我的用户未oracle   #oracle不支持ubuntu 所以要做欺骗oracle的操作 sudo mkdir /usr/lib64   sudo ln -s /etc /etc/rc.d   sudo ln -s /lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libgcc_s.so.1 /lib64/   sudo ln -s /usr/bin/awk /bin/awk   sudo ln -s /usr/bin/basename /bin/basename   sudo ln -s /usr/bin/rpm /bin/rpm   sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libc_nonshared.a /usr/lib64/   sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libpthread_nonshared.a /usr/lib64/   sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 /lib64/   sudo ln -s /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib64/ 注：用之前先检查包是否安装 find /usr -name libstdc++.so.6   5.安装vnc su oracle #安装Xfce sudo apt-get install xfce4 #安装VNCServer sudo apt-get install vnc4server vncserver #启动vncserver 设置密码   #配置xstartup文件   修改xstartup文件内容，针对Xfce4桌面环境   修改~/.vnc/xstartup中的内容为   vi  .vnc/xstartup   #!/bin/sh  unset SESSION_MANAGER  unset DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS  startxfce4 &   [ -x /etc/vnc/xstartup ] && exec /etc/vnc/xstartup  [ -r $HOME/.Xresources ] && xrdb $HOME/.Xresources  xsetroot -solid grey     重启vnc 修改配置文件后，运行如下命令结束掉之前产生的窗口:1 vncserver -kill :1 重新启动 vncserver

 

3.oracle数据库安装

1.解压oracle安装软件 chmod  755 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip chmod  755 p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip  -d /u01/ #解压 unzip p13390677_112040_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip  -d /u01/ oracle安装过程 #vncServer连接       cd /u01/database   执行 ./runInstaller 解决前2个问题后进入安装界面                                       等待出现错误处理 70%左右会出现错误，错误处理完成后：               切换到root执行root.sh sudo su root /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1./root.sh /u01/app/oraInventory./orainstRoot.sh   设置OS变量 su oracle vi .profile 加入： ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 ORACLE_SID=orcl PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH   到此数据库已经按照完成   监听暂时不配置（需要是再配置）

 

4.问题与处理

1.交换空间不足 Checking swap space: 0 MB available, 150 MB required.    Failed   swapon -s 查看交换空间 #增加交换空间 dd if=/dev/zero of=/home/swapfile bs=1M count=512 mkswap /home/swapfile swapon /home/swapfile 然后修改 vi  /etc/fstab，加上： /home/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0     2,.网络问题     另开窗口 su root vi ./etc/hosts 加入 172.16.128.59 oracle-for-test-2  #ip和主机名     3. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk   日志： Exception String: Error in invoking target 'agent nmhs' of makefile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk'. See '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-04-13_07-04-30AM.log' for details     INFO: make[1]: *** [/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/sysman/lib/emdctl] Error 1 INFO: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk:176: recipe for target '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/sysman/lib/emdctl' failed   解决办法：vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/sysman/lib/ins_emagent.mk #=========================== #  emdctl #===========================   $(SYSMANBIN)emdctl:         $(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL)     修改为： #=========================== # emdctl #===========================   $(SYSMANBIN)emdctl: $(MK_EMAGENT_NMECTL) -lnnz11 Retry                 4. /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk:1096: recipe for target '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/kfod' failed     日志： Exception String: Error in invoking target 'all_no_orcl' of makefile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk'. See '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-04-13_07-04-30AM.log' for details.   INFO: make: *** [/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/kfod] Error 1   INFO: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk:1096: recipe for target '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/kfod' failed 查看 ins_rdbms.mk文件   “KFOD_LINKLINE”变量是在“env_rdbms.mk”文件中定义的，修改“/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk”文件 修改 KFOD_LINKLINE 的变量定义         KFOD_LINKLINE=$(LINK) $(S0MAIN) $(SSKFODED) $(SKFODPT) $(KFODOBJ) \         $(LIBGENERIC) $(LLIBDBTOOLS) \         $(LIBGENERIC) $(LLIBCOMMON) $(LLIBSAGE) $(LLIBSKGXP) $(LIBCORE) \         $(CSSCLNTLIBS_SERVER) $(LLIBASMCLNT) $(LINKTTLIBS) 改为 KFOD_LINKLINE=$(LINK) $(S0MAIN) -Wl,--no-as-needed $(SSKFODED) $(SKFODPT) $(KFODOBJ) \        $(LIBGENERIC) $(LLIBDBTOOLS) \        $(LIBGENERIC) $(LLIBCOMMON) $(LLIBSAGE) $(LLIBSKGXP) $(LIBCORE) \         $(CSSCLNTLIBS_SERVER) $(LLIBASMCLNT) $(LINKTTLIBS)   Retry     5. 错误日志： INFO: make: *** [/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/amdu] Error 1   INFO: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk:1102: recipe for target '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/amdu' failed   INFO: End output from spawned process. INFO: ---------------------------------- INFO: Exception thrown from action: make Exception Name: MakefileException Exception String: Error in invoking target 'all_no_orcl' of makefile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk '. See '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-04-13_07-04-30AM.log' for details. Exception Severity: 1 同问题4：   AMDU_LINKLINE 的问题修改 /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk”文件中 修改 AMDU_LINKLINE 的变量定义   AMDU_LINKLINE=$(LINK) $(S0MAIN) $(SSKFMUED) $(SKFMUPT) \        $(LLIBDBTOOLS) $(LLIBCORE) $(LLIBGENERIC) \        $(LLIBCOMMON) $(LLIBGENERIC) $(LLIBCOMMON) $(LLIBUNLSRTL) \         $(LLIBNLSRTL) $(LLIBCORE) $(LLIBSAGE) $(LLIBSKGXP) \         $(LLIBNLSRTL) $(CSSCLNTLIBS_SERVER) $(LLIBASMCLNT) $(LINKTTLIBS) 改为 AMDU_LINKLINE=$(LINK) $(S0MAIN) -Wl,--no-as-needed $(SSKFMUED) $(SKFMUPT) \        $(LLIBDBTOOLS) $(LLIBCORE) $(LLIBGENERIC) \        $(LLIBCOMMON) $(LLIBGENERIC) $(LLIBCOMMON) $(LLIBUNLSRTL) \         $(LLIBNLSRTL) $(LLIBCORE) $(LLIBSAGE) $(LLIBSKGXP) \         $(LLIBNLSRTL) $(CSSCLNTLIBS_SERVER) $(LLIBASMCLNT) $(LINKTTLIBS)                 6.   详细日志： INFO: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/genorasdksh: Failed to link liborasdk.so.11.1 INFO: make: *** [liborasdksh] Error 1 INFO: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk:1314: recipe for target 'liborasdksh' failed INFO: End output from spawned process. INFO: ---------------------------------- INFO: Exception thrown from action: make Exception Name: MakefileException Exception String: Error in invoking target 'all_no_orcl' of makefile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk'. See '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-04-13_07-04-30AM.log' for details. Exception Severity: 1   修改/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/genorasdksh   echo "Creating $LD_DEST" Remove_File $LIB_DIR/$OSDK_LIB $LD $LD_RUNTIME $LD_OPT $LD_OUT $LD_SELF_CONTAINED $BASE_LIB \        $LD_OBJS $LD_SYMS $OLIBS $SYSLIBS $USRLIBS Check_Status $? "Failed to link $OSDK_LIB" (cd $LIB_DIR; ls -l $OSDK_LIB) 改为 echo "Creating $LD_DEST" Remove_File $LIB_DIR/$OSDK_LIB $LD $LD_RUNTIME $LD_OPT -Wl,--no-as-needed $LD_OUT $LD_SELF_CONTAINED $BASE_LIB \        $LD_OBJS $LD_SYMS $OLIBS $SYSLIBS $USRLIBS Check_Status $? "Failed to link $OSDK_LIB" (cd $LIB_DIR; ls -l $OSDK_LIB)       7.   错误信息：   INFO: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk:1114: recipe for target '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/renamedg' failed   INFO: make: *** [/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/renamedg] Error 1   INFO: End output from spawned process. INFO: ---------------------------------- INFO: Exception thrown from action: make Exception Name: MakefileException Exception String: Error in invoking target 'all_no_orcl' of makefile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk'. See '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-04-13_07-04-30AM.log' for details. Exception Severity: 1     修改“/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk”文件，将 KFNDG_LINKLINE=$(LINK) $(S0MAIN) $(SSKFNDGED) $(SKFNDGPT) $(KFNDGOBJ) \         $(LIBGENERIC) $(DEF_OPT) $(LLIBDBTOOLS) $(LIBGENERIC) \         $(LIBCORE) $(CSSCLNTLIBS_SERVER) $(ASMCLNT_LIBS) $(LINKTTLIBS) 改为 KFNDG_LINKLINE=$(LINK) $(S0MAIN)  -Wl,--no-as-needed $(SSKFNDGED) $(SKFNDGPT) $(KFNDGOBJ) \         $(LIBGENERIC) $(DEF_OPT) $(LLIBDBTOOLS) $(LIBGENERIC) \         $(LIBCORE) $(CSSCLNTLIBS_SERVER) $(ASMCLNT_LIBS) $(LINKTTLIBS) Retry   8.   详细信息：   INFO: collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status   INFO: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/srvm/lib/ins_srvm.mk:52: recipe for target 'getcrshome' failed   INFO: make: *** [getcrshome] Error 1   INFO: End output from spawned process. INFO: ---------------------------------- INFO: Exception thrown from action: make Exception Name: MakefileException Exception String: Error in invoking target 'install' of makefile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/srvm/lib/ins_srvm.mk'. See '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-04-13_07-04-30AM.log' for details. Exception Severity: 1           修改  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/srvm/lib/env_srvm.mk GETCRSHOME_LINKLINE=$(LINK) $(LDPATHFLAG)$(RDBMSLIB) $(CDEBUG) $(OPT) \                 $(GETCRSHOME_OBJ1) $(OCRLIBS_DEFAULT) $(LLIBCLNTSH) \                 $(LINKLDLIBS) 改为 GETCRSHOME_LINKLINE=$(LINK) -Wl,--no-as-needed  $(LDPATHFLAG)$(RDBMSLIB) $(CDEBUG) $(OPT) \                 $(GETCRSHOME_OBJ1) $(OCRLIBS_DEFAULT) $(LLIBCLNTSH) \                 $(LINKLDLIBS) Retry   9.   INFO: make: *** [tnslsnr] Error 1   INFO: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/lib/ins_net_server.mk:27: recipe for target 'tnslsnr' failed   INFO: End output from spawned process. INFO: ---------------------------------- INFO: Exception thrown from action: make Exception Name: MakefileException Exception String: Error in invoking target 'install' of makefile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/lib/ins_net_server.mk'. See '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-04-13_07-04-30AM.log' for details. Exception Severity: 1   修改“/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/lib/env_network.mk”文件 TNSLSNR_LINKLINE=$(LINK) $(TNSLSNR_OFILES) $(LINKTTLIBS) $(LLIBONS) \                  $(LOCALNETLIBS) $(MATHLIB) $(TNSLSNR_THREADLIB) 改为 TNSLSNR_LINKLINE=$(LINK) -Wl,--no-as-needed $(TNSLSNR_OFILES) $(LINKTTLIBS) $(LLIBONS) \                  $(LOCALNETLIBS) $(MATHLIB) $(TNSLSNR_THREADLIB) Retry         10   INFO: make: *** [/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/oracle] Error 1   INFO: /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk:732: recipe for target '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/oracle' failed   INFO: End output from spawned process. INFO: ---------------------------------- INFO: Exception thrown from action: make Exception Name: MakefileException Exception String: Error in invoking target 'irman ioracle' of makefile '/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/ins_rdbms.mk'. See '/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-04-13_07-04-30AM.log' for details. Exception Severity: 1   修改：/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/rdbms/lib/env_rdbms.mk ORACLE_LINKLINE=$(ORACLE_LINKER) $(PL_FLAGS) $(ORAMAI) $(SSORED) $(TTCSOI) \         $(ORACLE_KERNEL_LIBS) $(LINKLDLIBS) 改为 ORACLE_LINKLINE=$(ORACLE_LINKER) $(PL_FLAGS)  -Wl,--no-as-needed $(ORAMAI) $(SSORED) $(TTCSOI) \         $(ORACLE_KERNEL_LIBS) $(LINKLDLIBS) Retry

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