可以对比理解mvc
对一个比较核心的函数render很是迷惑了一阵 记录下明晰过程
通常在我们利用ZF实现php的mvc时,最关键的地方当然是Controller类的各种action方法,在action方法中,我们确定及输出内容. 在类 abstract class Zend_Controller_Action 中的dispatch方法你可以发现这一行 $this->$action();
那么如何确定及输出内容呢,就是进行render了,不过这个render却是有好几个的,下面列出这几个情形
1
<?
php
2
class
IndexController
extends
Zend_Controller_Action
3
{
4
public
function
contactAction()
5
{
6
//
$this->render("index");
7
//$this->render();
8
//$this->renderScript("sidebar.phtml");
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11
//$this->_helper->viewRenderer("sidebar");
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13
//$this->view->render("sidebar.phtml");
14
//$this->view("sidebar");
15
16
}
17
}
18
?>
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总结下来,似乎就是这三中render了(欢迎补充)
1.自身render
先看第一种
// $this->render("index");
//$this->render();
//$this->renderScript("sidebar.phtml");
这是直接使用Zend_Controller_Action类的render方法
第一句是render了另一个action所对应的视图(看清了 是render那个action对应的视图 而不是执行那个action!)
第二句式render本action对应的视图,这个有什么意义呢(因为很多情形你看不到这个写法的),这个下面再说.
第三句是render特定的视图文件,这里你可能认为前两个方法实际是调用了这个renderScript,其实不是如此.
下面就阐述一下.顺便解释第二句的原因.
Zend_Controller_Action类的render方法中其实是有两个分支的 如下render函数代码
1
public
function
render(
$action
=
null
,
$name
=
null
,
$noController
=
false
)
2
{
3
if
(
!
$this
->
getInvokeArg(
'
noViewRenderer
'
)
&&
$this
->
_helper
->
hasHelper(
'
viewRenderer
'
)) {
4
return
$this
->
_helper
->
viewRenderer
->
render(
$action
,
$name
,
$noController
);
5
}
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7
$view
=
$this
->
initView();
8
$script
=
$this
->
getViewScript(
$action
,
$noController
);
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10
$this
->
getResponse()
->
appendBody(
11
$view
->
render(
$script
)
,
12
$name
13
);
14
}
可以看到一种情形是利用(代理)了视图助手类(viewRenderer)的render方法
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另一种是禁用助手时的情形 就得亲自上阵了,这也就是render()出现的原因,你禁用了视图助手后要输出本action对应视图内容可以使用render()来完成
2.通过视图助手viewRenderer
上面说起了视图助手,那我们来看action中的第二个片段,正是借助视图助手来进行
//$this->_helper->viewRenderer("sidebar");
实际上这里这句话并不是render内容,而是指定了要render哪个视图,参考Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer类的这个函数
1
public
function
direct(
$action
=
null
,
$name
=
null
,
$noController
=
null
)
2
{
3
$this
->
setRender(
$action
,
$name
,
$noController
);
4
}
那么输出呢 是怎么输出的?
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可以在 $this->_helper->viewRenderer("sidebar"); 后直接调用$this->render();即可.
但是实际上你完全不用调用,只写那一句就行.
你不写render的时候,视图助手会来替你完成.在Zend_Controller_Action类中的dispatch方法中有这么一句
$this->_helper->notifyPostDispatch();
_helper是什么? 是一个Zend_Controller_Action_HelperBroker类 ,其中有这个方法
1
public
function
notifyPostDispatch()
2
{
3
foreach
(self
::
getStack()
as
$helper
) {
4
$helper
->
postDispatch();
5
}
6
}
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可以看到调用了其中各个助手的 postDispatch();
而 viewRenderer正是其中的一个助手,其 postDispatch方法如下
1
public
function
postDispatch()
2
{
3
if
(
$this
->
_shouldRender()) {
4
$this
->
render();
5
}
6
}
正是在这里视图助手帮你进行了render,如果你自己render了,聪明的视图助手会知晓的,可以查看下在_shouldRender()中的这个 $this->getRequest()->isDispatched(),及Zend_Controller_Front 类中dispatch方法的这句话:$this->_request->setDispatched(true);
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3.终极render 关于Zend_View->render()
好了现在我们来看看Zend_View的render().
在上面的两个中我们都说到了render(),比如action的render和视图助手的render
那么你该问个问题:就这样了?后面呢?
后面的才是关键的.
在action的render中,你可能注意到这句话了
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而我们再看看viewRenderer的render(),viewRenderer的render方法其实是调用了 renderScript方法,代码如下
1
public
function
renderScript(
$script
,
$name
=
null
)
2
{
3
if
(
null
===
$name
) {
4
$name
=
$this
->
getResponseSegment();
5
}
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7
$this
->
getResponse()
->
appendBody(
8
$this
->
view
->
render(
$script
)
,
9
$name
10
);
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12
$this
->
setNoRender();
13
}
可以看到这里跟action的render有点类似,也有同样的那句话.
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就是说action的render和viewRenderer的render其实都是调用Zend_View的render,拿到内容而后置放到response中
Zend_View的render:
1
public
function
render(
$name
)
2
{
3
//
find the script file name using the parent private method
4
$this
->
_file
=
$this
->
_script(
$name
);
5
unset
(
$name
);
//
remove $name from local scope
6
7
ob_start
();
8
$this
->
_run(
$this
->
_file);
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10
return
$this
->
_filter(
ob_get_clean
());
//
filter output
11
}
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至于run:
1
protected
function
_run()
2
{
3
if
(
$this
->
_useViewStream
&&
$this
->
useStreamWrapper()) {
4
include
'
zend.view://
'
.
func_get_arg
(
0
);
5
}
else
{
6
include
func_get_arg
(
0
);
7
}
8
}
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那么你就明白了最开始代码中的第13行
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其实是个幌子,哈.这句话只是得到了内容,但是呢 没做处理!
所以我们应该这样
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再然后呢?参看Zend_Controller_Front类dispatch
$this->_response->sendResponse();
及Zend_Controller_Response_Abstract类
1
public
function
outputBody()
2
{
3
foreach
(
$this
->
_body
as
$content
) {
4
echo
$content
;
5
}
6
}
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而至于第14行
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貌似合理,瞪一眼就知道了:这句话地地道道的错误
action 中没有这个方法,__call中也没有相应处理,不象 _helper->viewRenderer("sidebar");在 _helper针对该情况在__call中有相应处理
1
public
function
__call(
$method
,
$args
)
2
{
3
$helper
=
$this
->
getHelper(
$method
);
4
if
(
!
method_exists
(
$helper
,
'
direct
'
)) {
5
require_once
'
Zend/Controller/Action/Exception.php
'
;
6
throw
new
Zend_Controller_Action_Exception(
'
Helper "
'
.
$method
.
'
" does not support overloading via direct()
'
);
7
}
8
return
call_user_func_array
(
array
(
$helper
,
'
direct
'
)
,
$args
);
9
}
没有viewRenderer这个方法,于是去寻找名为viewRenderer并且有direct方法的助手,找到了即执行这个direct方法(上面第二部分贴过代码了)
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至于viewRenderer这个助手存放时,要注意到他的名字是死的 就是"viewRenderer",具体看Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_Abstract类的getName方法
1
public
function
getName()
2
{
3
$full_class_name
=
get_class
(
$this
);
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5
if
(
strpos
(
$full_class_name
,
'
_
'
)
!==
false
) {
6
$helper_name
=
strrchr
(
$full_class_name
,
'
_
'
);
7
return
ltrim
(
$helper_name
,
'
_
'
);
8
}
else
{
9
return
$full_class_name
;
10
}
11
}
之所以提到这点是因为在Zend_Controller_Action_Helper_ViewRenderer注释中你能看到这句话
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// In your action controller methods:
$viewHelper = $this->_helper->getHelper('view');
而实际上你复制这句话到your action controller methods中去 只会出错
Exception information:
Message: Action Helper by name View not found
但是非常满意于可以随处置放var_dump