最近看到了一个开源的push项目：kpush，整个项目包含了客户端和服务端的源码，强烈推荐下。决定分析下该项目的源码，学习下作者的解决方案。android端源码比较简单，我们就从简单的入手，本篇详细分析下android端的源码。
1. 目录结构
我们来看下android工程的目录结构
KPushDemo
----src
--------cn.kpush
--------cn.kpush_demo
--------cn.vimer.ferry
--------cn.vimer.netkit
其中cn.kpush是android端push sdk，实现了push的所有功能，cn.vimer.ferry主要是实现了tcp客户端连接/发送/接收数据功能，cn.vimer.netkit主要是数据序列化及反序列化的功能。关于ferry和netkit我们可以先不关注其代码，我们将把精力集中在kpush上。
2. 初始化/数据接收流程
我们先看下MainActivity中的代码，在MainActivity中的onCreate函数中有如下代码：
KPush.init(this);
KPush.setDebug(true);
// KPush.setAliasAndTags("dante", new String[]{"a", "c"}); public static void init(Context context_) {
context = context_;
setDebug(false);
Intent intent = new Intent(context, PushService.class);
intent.setAction(Config.INTENT_ACTION_SERVICE_START);
context_.startService(intent);
}我们首先看下PushService.java文件中的onCreate函数：
@Override
public void onCreate() {
super.onCreate();
KLog.d("");
// 初始化的时候
userAuthed = false;
// 因为service可能重新进来
DeviceInfo.init(this);
handler = new Handler();
regEventCallback();
allocServer();
// 启动心跳
heartbeat();
}regEventCallback()顾名思义就是注册一些事件的回调，用于处理相关的事件
allocServer()顾名思义是分配服务器
heartbeat()用于发送心跳包，以保持与服务器的连接
接下来我们分析allocServer函数，allocServer函数代码就一行：
private void allocServer() {
// 申请 server
new AllocServerTask().execute();
} private class AllocServerTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, Integer> {
JSONObject jsonData;
@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
}
@Override
protected Integer doInBackground(String... params) {
try {
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
// 连接超时
httpClient.getParams().setParameter(
CoreConnectionPNames.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT,
Config.HTTP_CONNECT_TIMEOUT * 1000);
// 读取超时
httpClient.getParams().setParameter(
CoreConnectionPNames.SO_TIMEOUT,
Config.HTTP_READ_TIMEOUT * 1000);
String allocServerUrl = String.format(Config.ALLOC_SERVER_URL,
DOMAIN);
KLog.d("allocServerUrl: " + allocServerUrl);
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(allocServerUrl);
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put("appkey", DeviceInfo.getAppkey());
jsonObject.put("channel", DeviceInfo.getChannel());
jsonObject.put("device_id", DeviceInfo.getDeviceId());
jsonObject.put("device_name", DeviceInfo.getDeviceName());
jsonObject.put("os_version", DeviceInfo.getOsVersion());
jsonObject.put("os", Config.OS);
jsonObject.put("sdk_version", Config.SDK_VERSION);
String postBody = Utils.packData(SECRET_KEY, jsonObject);
if (postBody == null) {
// 一般不会出现在这
KLog.e(String.format("packData fail. jsonData: %s",
jsonObject.toString()));
return -1;
}
KLog.d("postBody: " + postBody);
httpPost.setEntity(new StringEntity(postBody));
HttpResponse httpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpPost);
int code = httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode();
if (code == 200) {
String recvBody = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse
.getEntity());
jsonData = Utils.unpackData(SECRET_KEY, recvBody);
KLog.d("jsonData: " + jsonData);
if (jsonData == null) {
KLog.e(String
.format("unpackData invalid: %s", recvBody));
return -3;
}
KLog.d("succ");
// 解析成功
return 0;
} else {
KLog.e(String.format("status code invalid: %d", code));
return -4;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
KLog.e("fail: " + e.toString());
return -2;
}
}
@Override
protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... progresses) {
}
@Override
protected void onPostExecute(Integer result) {
KLog.d("result: " + result);
if (result != 0) {
// 说明失败
allocServerLater();
return;
}
try {
serverHost = jsonData.getJSONObject("server").getString("host");
serverPort = jsonData.getJSONObject("server").getInt("port");
userId = jsonData.getJSONObject("user").getLong("uid");
userKey = jsonData.getJSONObject("user").getString("key");
} catch (Exception e) {
KLog.e("fail: " + e.toString());
allocServerLater();
return;
}
// 清零
failConnectTimes = 0;
connectToServer();
}
@Override
protected void onCancelled() {
KLog.d("");
allocServerLater();
}
}1. 打开一个http client
2. 把DeviceInfo中的设备信息组织成json串，然后http post到http://demo.kpush.cn/server/alloc
3. 解析post的response消息到jsonData变量中
然后我们进入到onPostExecute函数中，可以看到在该函数中，主要从jsonData中取出host/port/uid/key四个数据，然后调用connectToServer函数，看到connectToServer函数名称及上面取出的四个数据，我们可以猜测出来是要连接到服务器上，可以看下connectToServer具体代码：
private void connectToServer() {
Ferry.getInstance().init(serverHost, serverPort);
if (Ferry.getInstance().isRunning()) {
if (!Ferry.getInstance().isConnected()) {
Ferry.getInstance().connect();
}
} else {
Ferry.getInstance().start();
}
} private void regEventCallback() {
Ferry.getInstance().addEventCallback(new Ferry.CallbackListener() {
@Override
public void onOpen() {
userLogin();
}
@Override
public void onRecv(IBox ibox) {
Box box = (Box) ibox;
KLog.d("box: " + box);
JSONObject jsonData = Utils.unpackData(SECRET_KEY, box.body);
KLog.d("box.body: " + box.body);
KLog.d("jsonData: " + jsonData);
if (box.cmd == Proto.EVT_NOTIFICATION) {
if (jsonData != null) {
try {
int notificationID = jsonData.getInt("id");
recvNotification(notificationID);
boolean silent = false;
if (jsonData.has("silent")) {
silent = jsonData.getBoolean("silent");
}
if (!silent) {
showNotification(notificationID,
jsonData.getString("title"),
jsonData.getString("content"));
}
} catch (Exception e) {
KLog.e(String.format("exc occur. e: %s, box: %s",
e, box));
}
}
}
}
@Override
public void onClose() {
userAuthed = false;
KLog.e("");
// Ferry.getInstance().connect();
// 从获取IP开始
allocServer();
}
@Override
public void onError(int code, IBox ibox) {
KLog.e(String.format("code: %d", code));
}
}, this, "main");
} private void userLogin() {
Box box = new Box();
box.cmd = Proto.CMD_LOGIN;
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
try {
jsonObject.put("uid", userId);
jsonObject.put("key", userKey);
} catch (Exception e) {
KLog.e("exc occur. e: " + e);
}
String body = Utils.packData(SECRET_KEY, jsonObject);
KLog.d("body: " + body);
box.body = body == null ? null : body.getBytes();
Ferry.getInstance().send(box, new Ferry.CallbackListener() {
@Override
public void onSend(IBox ibox) {
}
@Override
public void onRecv(IBox ibox) {
Box box = (Box) ibox;
if (box.ret != 0) {
// 几秒后再重试
userLoginLater();
} else {
// 登录成功
userAuthed = true;
failConnectTimes = 0;
sendPendingMsgs();
}
}
@Override
public void onError(int code, IBox ibox) {
KLog.e(String.format("code: %d", code));
userLoginLater();
}
@Override
public void onTimeout() {
KLog.e("");
userLoginLater();
}
}, 5, this);
}到此整个初始化流程已经完成了，接下来就等待接收推送的消息并进行响应了。regEventCallback函数中的onRecv函数就是用于接收push消息，然后进行相应的处理。
3. 数据结构
上面已经分析了基本流程，接下来本节将分析数据结构定义，打开apk，并然后通过管理后台推送一条消息，我们可以看到logcat中有如下的log输出：
05-13 16:20:34.790 435 679 I ActivityManager: Start proc cn.kpush_demo for activity cn.kpush_demo/.MainActivity: pid=23280 uid=10057 gids={50057, 3003, 1028, 1015}
05-13 16:20:34.880 23280 23280 D kpush : [main(1) PushService.java:58 onCreate]:
05-13 16:20:34.890 23280 23280 D kpush : [main(1) DeviceInfo.java:37 init]: packageName: cn.kpush_demo, appVersion: 1, deviceId: b1ff4b0a-2020-33e4-9fb4-e5c3fb76d0c5, osVersion: 19, deviceName: J1
05-13 16:20:34.890 23280 23280 D kpush : [main(1) PushService.java:76 onStartCommand]: action: cn.kpush.intent.SERVICE_START
05-13 16:20:34.890 23280 23294 D kpush : [AsyncTask #1(225) PushService.java:458 doInBackground]: allocServerUrl: http://demo.kpush.cn/server/alloc
05-13 16:20:34.930 23280 23294 D kpush : [AsyncTask #1(225) PushService.java:478 doInBackground]: postBody: {"sign":"036fe07a2b1a72dc1c6ef6e467f5121b","data":"{\"appkey\":\"7d357c9b4ce1414fb27f077b54fb5a8f\",\"sdk_version\":5,\"os\":\"android\",\"device_id\":\"b1ff4b0a-2020-33e4-9fb4-e5c3fb76d0c5\",\"device_name\":\"J1\",\"channel\":\"MAIN\",\"os_version\":19}"}
05-13 16:20:34.970 435 451 I ActivityManager: Displayed cn.kpush_demo/.MainActivity: +200ms
05-13 16:20:35.130 23280 23294 D kpush : [AsyncTask #1(225) PushService.java:488 doInBackground]: jsonData: {"ret":0,"user":{"uid":211,"key":"41675b5ab24d461c9111f5c6c197f74b"},"server":{"port":29100,"host":"115.28.224.64"}}
05-13 16:20:35.130 23280 23294 D kpush : [AsyncTask #1(225) PushService.java:496 doInBackground]: succ
05-13 16:20:35.140 23280 23280 D kpush : [main(1) PushService.java:516 onPostExecute]: result: 0
05-13 16:20:35.170 23280 23280 D kpush : [main(1) PushService.java:191 userLogin]: body: {"sign":"75195f6043da7cbd17f74b90fbbac6f2","data":"{\"uid\":211,\"key\":\"41675b5ab24d461c9111f5c6c197f74b\"}"}
05-13 16:20:39.870 435 702 I ActivityManager: START u0 {cmp=cn.kpush_demo/.NextActivity} from pid 23280
05-13 16:20:39.940 435 451 I ActivityManager: Displayed cn.kpush_demo/.NextActivity: +65ms
05-13 16:21:09.350 23280 23280 D kpush : [main(1) PushService.java:131 onRecv]: box: magic: 2037952207, version: 0, flag: 0, packetLen: 170, cmd: 10001, ret: 0, sn: 0, bodyLen: 146
05-13 16:21:09.350 23280 23280 D kpush : [main(1) PushService.java:133 onRecv]: box.body: [B@4207f618
05-13 16:21:09.360 23280 23280 D kpush : [main(1) PushService.java:134 onRecv]: jsonData: {"silent":false,"id":592,"content":"test_content","title":"test_title"}{"sign":"036fe07a2b1a72dc1c6ef6e467f5121b","data":"{\"appkey\":\"7d357c9b4ce1414fb27f077b54fb5a8f\",\"sdk_version\":5,\"os\":\"android\",\"device_id\":\"b1ff4b0a-2020-33e4-9fb4-e5c3fb76d0c5\",\"device_name\":\"J1\",\"channel\":\"MAIN\",\"os_version\":19}"}{"ret":0,"user":{"uid":211,"key":"41675b5ab24d461c9111f5c6c197f74b"},"server":{"port":29100,"host":"115.28.224.64"}}当我们通过管理后台推送一条消息是，可以看到接收到的消息格式为：
{"silent":false,"id":592,"content":"test_content","title":"test_title"}到此客户端源码分析完毕，基本流程如图所示
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