怎么将网页Html转化为PDF

前言

     之前做了有个项目要求将Html转成PDF，网上搜索答案大部分都是使用itextsharp组件进行转换，在实际使用过程中发现不是很好使用。现在本人推荐使用wkhtmltox.exe这个应用进行PDF转换。

         

  

wkhtmltox.exe开发步骤

       1、安装wkhtmltox.exe，安装完后在安装路径会有：\wkhtmltopdf\bin\wkhtmltopdf.exe，这个事我们用来转化PDF的工具。下载地址为：https://sourceforge.net/projects/wkhtmltopdf/

        2、编写代码调用需要转换为PDF

              2.1  主要生产PDF的PDFConverter类，里面主要的方法为：ConvertHtmlToPDF

                     其中有两重载的方法：void ConvertHtmlToPdf(PdfDocument document, PdfOutput output) 和 void ConvertHtmlToPdf(PdfDocument document, PdfConvertEnvironment environment, PdfOutput woutput)

PDFConverter的代码为：

  using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace PDFApplication
{
    public class PdfConvertException : Exception
    {
        public PdfConvertException(String msg)
            : base(msg)
        {
        }
    }
    public class PdfConvertTimeoutException : PdfConvertException
    {
        public PdfConvertTimeoutException()
            : base("HTML to PDF conversion process has not finished in the given period.")
        {
        }
    }
    public class PdfOutput
    {
        public String OutputFilePath { get; set; }
        public Stream OutputStream { get; set; }
        public Action<PdfDocument, byte[]> OutputCallback { get; set; }
    }
    public class PdfDocument
    {
        public String Url { get; set; }
        public String Html { get; set; }
        public String HeaderUrl { get; set; }
        public String FooterUrl { get; set; }
        public String HeaderLeft { get; set; }
        public String HeaderCenter { get; set; }
        public String HeaderRight { get; set; }
        public String FooterLeft { get; set; }
        public String FooterCenter { get; set; }
        public String FooterRight { get; set; }
        public object State { get; set; }
        public Dictionary<String, String> Cookies { get; set; }
        public Dictionary<String, String> ExtraParams { get; set; }
    }
    public class PdfConvertEnvironment
    {
        public String TempFolderPath { get; set; }
        public String WkHtmlToPdfPath { get; set; }
        public int Timeout { get; set; }
        public bool Debug { get; set; }
    }
    public class PDFConverter
    {
        private static PdfConvertEnvironment _e;
        public static PdfConvertEnvironment Environment
        {
            get
            {
                if (_e == null)
                    _e = new PdfConvertEnvironment
                    {
                        TempFolderPath = Path.GetTempPath() + @"\pdf\",
                        WkHtmlToPdfPath = GetWkhtmlToPdfExeLocation(),
                        Timeout = 60000
                    };
                return _e;
            }
        }
        private static string GetWkhtmlToPdfExeLocation()
        {
            string programFilesPath = @"C:\Program Files";
            string filePath = Path.Combine(programFilesPath, @"wkhtmltopdf\wkhtmltopdf.exe");
            if (File.Exists(filePath))
                return filePath;
            string programFilesx86Path = System.Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("ProgramFiles");
            filePath = Path.Combine(programFilesx86Path, @"wkhtmltopdf\wkhtmltopdf.exe");
            if (File.Exists(filePath))
                return filePath;
            filePath = Path.Combine(programFilesPath, @"wkhtmltopdf\bin\wkhtmltopdf.exe");
            if (File.Exists(filePath))
                return filePath;
            return Path.Combine(programFilesx86Path, @"wkhtmltopdf\bin\wkhtmltopdf.exe");
        }
        public static void ConvertHtmlToPdf(PdfDocument document, PdfOutput output)
        {
            ConvertHtmlToPdf(document, null, output);
        }
        public static void ConvertHtmlToPdf(PdfDocument document, PdfConvertEnvironment environment, PdfOutput woutput)
        {
            if (document.Url == "-" && document.Html == null)
                throw new PdfConvertException(
                    String.Format("You must supply a HTML string, if you have enterd the url: {0}", document.Url)
                );
            if (environment == null)
                environment = Environment;
            String outputPdfFilePath;
            bool delete;
            if (woutput.OutputFilePath != null)
            {
                outputPdfFilePath = woutput.OutputFilePath;
                delete = false;
            }
            else
            {
                outputPdfFilePath = Path.Combine(environment.TempFolderPath, String.Format("{0}.pdf", Guid.NewGuid()));
                delete = true;
            }
            if (!File.Exists(environment.WkHtmlToPdfPath))
                throw new PdfConvertException(String.Format("File '{0}' not found. Check if wkhtmltopdf application is installed.", environment.WkHtmlToPdfPath));
            StringBuilder paramsBuilder = new StringBuilder();
            paramsBuilder.Append("--page-size A4 ");
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(document.HeaderUrl))
            {
                paramsBuilder.AppendFormat("--header-html {0} ", document.HeaderUrl);
                paramsBuilder.Append("--margin-top 25 ");
                paramsBuilder.Append("--header-spacing 5 ");
            }
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(document.FooterUrl))
            {
                paramsBuilder.AppendFormat("--footer-html {0} ", document.FooterUrl);
                paramsBuilder.Append("--margin-bottom 25 ");
                paramsBuilder.Append("--footer-spacing 5 ");
            }
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(document.HeaderLeft))
                paramsBuilder.AppendFormat("--header-left \"{0}\" ", document.HeaderLeft);
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(document.FooterCenter))
                paramsBuilder.AppendFormat("--header-center \"{0}\" ", document.HeaderCenter);
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(document.FooterCenter))
                paramsBuilder.AppendFormat("--header-right \"{0}\" ", document.HeaderRight);
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(document.FooterLeft))
                paramsBuilder.AppendFormat("--footer-left \"{0}\" ", document.FooterLeft);
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(document.FooterCenter))
                paramsBuilder.AppendFormat("--footer-center \"{0}\" ", document.FooterCenter);
            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(document.FooterCenter))
                paramsBuilder.AppendFormat("--footer-right \"{0}\" ", document.FooterRight);
            if (document.ExtraParams != null)
                foreach (var extraParam in document.ExtraParams)
                    paramsBuilder.AppendFormat("--{0} {1} ", extraParam.Key, extraParam.Value);
            if (document.Cookies != null)
                foreach (var cookie in document.Cookies)
                    paramsBuilder.AppendFormat("--cookie {0} {1} ", cookie.Key, cookie.Value);
            paramsBuilder.AppendFormat("\"{0}\" \"{1}\"", document.Url, outputPdfFilePath);
            try
            {
                StringBuilder output = new StringBuilder();
                StringBuilder error = new StringBuilder();
                using (Process process = new Process())
                {
                    process.StartInfo.FileName = environment.WkHtmlToPdfPath;
                    process.StartInfo.Arguments = paramsBuilder.ToString();
                    process.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
                    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardOutput = true;
                    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardError = true;
                    process.StartInfo.RedirectStandardInput = true;
                    using (AutoResetEvent outputWaitHandle = new AutoResetEvent(false))
                    using (AutoResetEvent errorWaitHandle = new AutoResetEvent(false))
                    {
                        DataReceivedEventHandler outputHandler = (sender, e) =>
                        {
                            if (e.Data == null)
                            {
                                outputWaitHandle.Set();
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                output.AppendLine(e.Data);
                            }
                        };
                        DataReceivedEventHandler errorHandler = (sender, e) =>
                        {
                            if (e.Data == null)
                            {
                                errorWaitHandle.Set();
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                error.AppendLine(e.Data);
                            }
                        };
                        process.OutputDataReceived += outputHandler;
                        process.ErrorDataReceived += errorHandler;
                        try
                        {
                            process.Start();
                            process.BeginOutputReadLine();
                            process.BeginErrorReadLine();
                            if (document.Html != null)
                            {
                                using (var stream = process.StandardInput)
                                {
                                    byte[] buffer = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(document.Html);
                                    stream.BaseStream.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
                                    stream.WriteLine();
                                }
                            }
                            if (process.WaitForExit(environment.Timeout) && outputWaitHandle.WaitOne(environment.Timeout) && errorWaitHandle.WaitOne(environment.Timeout))
                            {
                                if (process.ExitCode != 0 && !File.Exists(outputPdfFilePath))
                                {
                                    throw new PdfConvertException(String.Format("Html to PDF conversion of '{0}' failed. Wkhtmltopdf output: \r\n{1}", document.Url, error));
                                }
                            }
                            else
                            {
                                if (!process.HasExited)
                                    process.Kill();
                                throw new PdfConvertTimeoutException();
                            }
                        }
                        finally
                        {
                            process.OutputDataReceived -= outputHandler;
                            process.ErrorDataReceived -= errorHandler;
                        }
                    }
                }
                if (woutput.OutputStream != null)
                {
                    using (Stream fs = new FileStream(outputPdfFilePath, FileMode.Open))
                    {
                        byte[] buffer = new byte[32 * 1024];
                        int read;
                        while ((read = fs.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0)
                            woutput.OutputStream.Write(buffer, 0, read);
                    }
                }
                if (woutput.OutputCallback != null)
                {
                    byte[] pdfFileBytes = File.ReadAllBytes(outputPdfFilePath);
                    woutput.OutputCallback(document, pdfFileBytes);
                }
            }
            finally
            {
                if (delete && File.Exists(outputPdfFilePath))
                    File.Delete(outputPdfFilePath);
            }
        }
    }
}
  2、在程序集中调用该方法
      using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace PDFApplication
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            PDFConverter.ConvertHtmlToPdf(new PdfDocument
            {
                Url = "http://www.cnblogs.com/",
                HeaderLeft = "[title]",
                //HeaderRight = "[date] [time]",
                // FooterCenter = "Page [page] of [topage]"
            }, new PdfOutput
            {
                OutputFilePath = "博客园.pdf",
                OutputCallback = (p,q) =>
                {
                    FileStream fileStream = null;
                    try
                    {
                        string fileName = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "/PDF/" + Guid.NewGuid() + ".pdf";
                        if(Directory.Exists(fileName) )
                        {
                            Directory.CreateDirectory(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory + "/PDF/");
                        }
                        fileStream = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.OpenOrCreate);
                        fileStream.Write(q, 0, q.Length);
                    }
                    catch(Exception ex)
                    {
                    }
                    finally
                    {
                        if (fileStream != null)
                        {
                            fileStream.Close();
                        }
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    }
}

 

3、本人试验转化的PDF为

 

4、结论

    生产PDF的步骤为：

   1、安装wkhtmltox.exe；

   2、根据自己的情况调整PDFConverter的参数

   3、调用PDFConverter生成PDF

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/DiligentAnt/p/5927256.html