5. 多io_service
前面那篇讲到了多线程的用法。这篇讲一下多io_service的用法,大家可参考下官方提供的HTTP Server 2(an io_service-per-CPU)这个例子。
官方提供的例子中,使用方法很简单,建立一个io_service_pool,然后对每一个io_service开一个线程去让它跑起来(毕竟,io_service::run这个函数在有任务的时候会一直工作的,只有开多个线程才做到不影响别的io_service)。当然,我们也可以为每个io_service开多个线程,这样才不会存在上一篇中说到的多线程问题。
下面以Windows平台讨论io_service,看下io_service的构造过程在Windows下的实现
win_iocp_io_service::win_iocp_io_service(
boost::asio::io_service& io_service, size_t concurrency_hint)
: boost::asio::detail::service_base<win_iocp_io_service>(io_service),
iocp_(),
outstanding_work_(0),
stopped_(0),
stop_event_posted_(0),
shutdown_(0),
gqcs_timeout_(get_gqcs_timeout()),
dispatch_required_(0)
{
BOOST_ASIO_HANDLER_TRACKING_INIT;
iocp_.handle = ::CreateIoCompletionPort(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, 0, 0,
static_cast<DWORD>(concurrency_hint < DWORD(~0)
? concurrency_hint : DWORD(~0)));
if (!iocp_.handle)
{
DWORD last_error = ::GetLastError();
boost::system::error_code ec(last_error,
boost::asio::error::get_system_category());
boost::asio::detail::throw_error(ec, "iocp");
}
}
通过源码,我们可以发现每个io_service在构造的过程中,会创建一个IOCP。
创建好之后,我们就可以使用这个IOCP了,
boost::system::error_code win_iocp_io_service::register_handle(
HANDLE handle, boost::system::error_code& ec)
{
if (::CreateIoCompletionPort(handle, iocp_.handle, 0, 0) == 0)
{
DWORD last_error = ::GetLastError();
ec = boost::system::error_code(last_error,
boost::asio::error::get_system_category());
}
else
{
ec = boost::system::error_code();
}
return ec;
}
哦,看着就这么简单。
在io_service类代码中发现add_service这么个函数
/// Add a service object to the io_service.
/**
* This function is used to add a service to the io_service.
*
* @param ios The io_service object that owns the service.
*
* @param svc The service object. On success, ownership of the service object
* is transferred to the io_service. When the io_service object is destroyed,
* it will destroy the service object by performing:
* @code delete static_cast<io_service::service*>(svc) @endcode
*
* @throws boost::asio::service_already_exists Thrown if a service of the
* given type is already present in the io_service.
*
* @throws boost::asio::invalid_service_owner Thrown if the service's owning
* io_service is not the io_service object specified by the ios parameter.
*/
template <typename Service>
friend void add_service(io_service& ios, Service* svc);
从注释可以看到,io_service之间可以相互转移service对象。单io_service应该不会用到这个函数吧。