Linux之初试驱动20160613

这篇文章主要介绍一下Linux内核下的驱动结构与书写，以及介绍Linux下简单使用驱动的应用程序：

首先我们直接看使用驱动的简单应用程序：

#include <sys/types.h>

#include <sys/stat.h>

#include <fcntl.h>

#include <stdio.h>

#include <unistd.h>

int main(int argc, char **argv)

{

int fd;

unsigned char key_val;

 

fd = open("/dev/buttons", O_RDWR);

//这里就是打开一下设备驱动，具体用法可在linux下man open查找

if (fd < 0)

{

printf("can't open!\n");

}

 

while (1)

{

read(fd, &key_val, 1);

/*从驱动对应的文件描述符中来获取到驱动提供的值，具体原理框架图见文章后面的笔 记图片*/

printf("key_val = 0x%x\n", key_val);

sleep(5);

}

 

return 0;

}

驱动程序（这里是用来编译成模块的，后面需要再安装到内核中）：

#include <linux/module.h>

#include <linux/kernel.h>

#include <linux/fs.h>

#include <linux/init.h>

#include <linux/delay.h>

#include <linux/irq.h>

#include <asm/uaccess.h>

#include <asm/irq.h>

#include <asm/io.h>

#include <asm/arch/regs-gpio.h>

#include <asm/hardware.h>

 

 

static struct class *thirddrv_class;

static struct class_device *thirddrv_class_dev;

 

volatile unsigned long *gpfcon;

volatile unsigned long *gpfdat;

 

volatile unsigned long *gpgcon;

volatile unsigned long *gpgdat;

 

 

static DECLARE_WAIT_QUEUE_HEAD(button_waitq);

 

/* 中断事件标志, 中断服务程序将它置1，third_drv_read将它清0 */

static volatile int ev_press = 0;

 

 

struct pin_desc{

unsigned int pin;

unsigned int key_val;

};

 

 

/* 键值: 按下时, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04 */

/* 键值: 松开时, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84 */

static unsigned char key_val;

 

struct pin_desc pins_desc[4] = {

{S3C2410_GPF0, 0x01},

{S3C2410_GPF2, 0x02},

{S3C2410_GPG3, 0x03},

{S3C2410_GPG11, 0x04},

};

 

 

/*

  * 确定按键值

  */

static irqreturn_t buttons_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)

{

struct pin_desc * pindesc = (struct pin_desc *)dev_id;

unsigned int pinval;

 

pinval = s3c2410_gpio_getpin(pindesc->pin);

 

if (pinval)

{

/* 松开 */

key_val = 0x80 | pindesc->key_val;

}

else

{

/* 按下 */

key_val = pindesc->key_val;

}

 

    ev_press = 1;                  /* 表示中断发生了 */

    wake_up_interruptible(&button_waitq);   /* 唤醒休眠的进程 */

 

 

return IRQ_RETVAL(IRQ_HANDLED);

}

 

static int third_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)

{

/* 配置GPF0,2为输入引脚 */

/* 配置GPG3,11为输入引脚 */

request_irq(IRQ_EINT0,  buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S2", &pins_desc[0]);

request_irq(IRQ_EINT2,  buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S3", &pins_desc[1]);

request_irq(IRQ_EINT11, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S4", &pins_desc[2]);

request_irq(IRQ_EINT19, buttons_irq, IRQT_BOTHEDGE, "S5", &pins_desc[3]);

 

return 0;

}

 

ssize_t third_drv_read(struct file *file, char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *ppos)

{

if (size != 1)

return -EINVAL;

 

/* 如果没有按键动作, 休眠 */

wait_event_interruptible(button_waitq, ev_press);

 

/* 如果有按键动作, 返回键值 */

copy_to_user(buf, &key_val, 1);

ev_press = 0;

 

return 1;

}

 

 

int third_drv_close(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)

{

free_irq(IRQ_EINT0, &pins_desc[0]);

free_irq(IRQ_EINT2, &pins_desc[1]);

free_irq(IRQ_EINT11, &pins_desc[2]);

free_irq(IRQ_EINT19, &pins_desc[3]);

return 0;

}

 

 

static struct file_operations sencod_drv_fops = {

    .owner   =  THIS_MODULE,    /* 这是一个宏，推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */

    .open    =  third_drv_open,     

.read  = third_drv_read,    

.release =  third_drv_close,    

};

 

 

int major;

static int third_drv_init(void)

{

major = register_chrdev(0, "third_drv", &sencod_drv_fops);

 

thirddrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "third_drv");

 

thirddrv_class_dev = class_device_create(thirddrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "buttons"); /* /dev/buttons */

 

gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000050, 16);

gpfdat = gpfcon + 1;

 

gpgcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000060, 16);

gpgdat = gpgcon + 1;

 

return 0;

}

 

static void third_drv_exit(void)

{

unregister_chrdev(major, "third_drv");

class_device_unregister(thirddrv_class_dev);

class_destroy(thirddrv_class);

iounmap(gpfcon);

iounmap(gpgcon);

return 0;

}

 

 

module_init(third_drv_init);

 

module_exit(third_drv_exit);

 

MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");

1.Linux下内核驱动结构（应用中的打开，读写操作最终会调用到驱动中的读写等）：

 

2.以中断方式举例之中断工作原理和处理机制过程：

 

3.书写前面的代码以及测试：

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/yuweifeng/p/5582469.html