实战(使用OC的知识制作一个简易通讯录)
//语法糖、笑笑语法 // NSString * string = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"string"]; NSString * str = @"string"; NSLog(@"%@",str); //上面的两种写法是一样的，是字符串的简单写法 // NSArray * arr = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"yuansu",@"yuansu2", nil]; NSArray * arr1 = @[@"1",@"2"]; // NSLog(@"%@",dic); NSDictionary * dic1 =@{@"key0":@"value0",@"key1":@"value1",@"key2":@"value2"}; //笑笑语法创建的集合都是不可变的对象 //不可变转变为可变 NSMutableDictionary * dic = [dic1 mutableCopy]; NSMutableArray * arr = [arr1 mutableCopy]; NSMutableString * strr = [str mutableCopy]; NSLog(@"%@ %@ %@",dic,arr,strr);
下面写法都是一样的代表判断为空 if (str == nil) { <#statements#> } if (!str) { <#statements#> } */ /* array1 == nil; 数组的对象的空间没有开辟 没有这个对象 [array count] == 0; 数组对象存在，只是数组对象里面没有一个元素 */ /* str = nil; 对象为空 [str length] == 0;数组存在，但是没有元素 所以以后使用对象的时候，一定要为对象开辟空间，特别是数组字典这种集合，在进行存值或者其他操作时候，不要忘记开辟空间 */ /* NSMutableDictionary * dic = @{@"key1":@"value1",@"key2":@"value2"}; dic [@"key1"];//等于写法：[dic objectForKey:@"key1"] arr [1];//等于写法：[arr objectAtInde:1] */
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h> int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) { @autoreleasepool { printf("创建一个26个数组分别对应一个字典的key值\n"); NSMutableArray * a = [[NSMutableArray alloc]initWithObjects:@"A",@"B",@"C",@"D",@"E",@"F",@"G",@"H",@"I",@"J",@"K",@"L",@"M",@"N",@"O",@"P",@"Q",@"R",@"S",@"T",@"U",@"V",@"W",@"X",@"Y",@"Z", nil]; NSMutableDictionary * aDic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc]initWithCapacity:[a count]]; for (NSString *p in a) { NSMutableArray *arr = [NSMutableArray array]; [aDic setObject:arr forKey:p]; } NSLog(@"%@",aDic); } return 0; }
通讯录实战：
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import "Contact.h" #import "AddressBook.h" int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) { @autoreleasepool { AddressBook * book = [[AddressBook alloc]init]; //添加联系人 Contact *lanou39 = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"AAA" gender:@"man" phonenum:@"13523526302" address:@"uc"]; Contact *lanou38 = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"BBB" gender:@"gril" phonenum:@"13523526302" address:@"china"]; //forin 也叫快速枚举，就是遍历容器或者遍历集合，在遍历的过程中容器中不能修改，如果需修改可用for循环替代 [book addContact:lanou39]; [book addContact:lanou38]; [book displayAllContacs]; [book deleteContactWithName:@"niujianwei"]; [book deleteContactWithName:@"Yingjie"];//如果删除有同名的，只能删除一个 NSMutableArray * forAll = [book allContactWithGroupName:@"N"]; NSLog(@"获取N分组的联系人：%@",forAll); [book displayAllContacs]; NSMutableArray * grilarr = [book getAllFemaContact]; NSLog(@"所有的女性为 ：%@",grilarr); Contact * phone = [book getContactWithPhoneNum:@"13523526302"]; NSLog(@"电话为13523526302的联系人信息为：%@",phone); /*可删代码（所有的方法都在main函数里写的） // //添加联系人 // Contact * newPer = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"new" gender:@"man" phonenum:@"1245879" address:@"newPlace"]; // NSString * name = [newPer name]; // NSString * phonenum = [newPer phonenmu]; // if (!name || ![name length]|| !phonenum || ![phonenum length]) { // NSLog(@"添加失败"); // } // else{ // //获取名字首字母 // NSString * firstChar = [[name substringToIndex:1]capitalizedString]; // //获取对应分组 // NSMutableArray * groupArr = [contactDic objectForKey:firstChar]; // if (!groupArr) { // //如果分组不存在，添加对应的分组 // groupArr = [NSMutableArray array]; // [contactDic setObject:groupArr forKey:firstChar]; // } // //添加新的联系人 // [groupArr addObject:newPer]; // } // NSLog(@"%@",contactDic); // //获取某个分组的所有联系人（Y） // NSMutableArray * arr = [contactDic objectForKey:@"Y"]; // NSLog(@"Y分组联系人：%@",arr); // //根据电话号码搜索联系人 // for (NSString * key in contactDic) { // NSMutableArray * groupArr = [contactDic objectForKey:key]; // for (Contact *contact in groupArr) { // if ([[contact phonenmu] isEqualToString:@"1245879"]) { // NSLog(@"%@",contact); // }else{ // NSLog(@"没有此人"); // } // } // } // //找到所有女性联系人 // NSMutableArray * grilArr = [NSMutableArray array]; // for (NSString * key in contactDic) { // NSMutableArray * groupArr = [contactDic objectForKey:key]; // for (Contact * contact in groupArr) { // if ([[contact gender]isEqualToString:@"gril"]) { // [grilArr addObject:contact]; // } // } // } // NSLog(@"女性联系人：%@",grilArr); // //根姓名删除联系人 // for (NSString * key in contactDic) { // NSMutableArray * group = contactDic[key]; // //遍历联系人分组 // for (int i = 0; i < group.count; i++) { // Contact * contact = group[i]; // if ([[contact name] isEqualToString:@"niu"]) { // //从对应分组中删除联系人 // [group removeObjectAtIndex:i];//打方法的时候要注意刚才就写错了 // break; // } // } // } // //删除某个分组的联系人 // [contactDic removeObjectForKey:@"X"]; // NSLog(@"%@",contactDic); // //展示所有联系人 // NSLog(@"%@",contactDic);//打印字典所有的联系人都会打印 // // */ } return 0; } mian()函数文件
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h> @interface Contact : NSObject { NSString * _name; NSString * _gender; NSString * _phonenum; NSString * _address; NSString * _groupName; } - (void)setName:(NSString *)name; - (NSString *)name; - (void)setGender:(NSString *)gender; - (NSString *)gender; - (void)setPhoneNmu:(NSString *)phonenum; - (NSString *)phonenmu; - (void)setAddress:(NSString *)address; - (NSString *)address; - (void)setGroupName:(NSString *)GroupName; - (NSString *)GroupName; - (id)initWithName:(NSString *)name gender:(NSString *)gender phonenum:(NSString *)phonenum address:(NSString *)address; //显示信息 - (void)displayContactInfo; //描述 - (NSString *)description; @end
#import "Contact.h" @implementation Contact - (void)setName:(NSString *)name{ _name = name; } - (NSString *)name{ return _name; } - (void)setGender:(NSString *)gender{ _gender = gender; } - (NSString *)gender{ return _gender; } - (void)setPhoneNmu:(NSString *)phonenum{ _phonenum = phonenum; } - (NSString *)phonenmu{ return _phonenum; } - (void)setAddress:(NSString *)address{ _address = address; } - (NSString *)address{ return _address; } - (void)setGroupName:(NSString *)GroupName{ _groupName = GroupName; } - (NSString *)GroupName{ return _groupName; } - (id)initWithName:(NSString *)name gender:(NSString *)gender phonenum:(NSString *)phonenum address:(NSString *)address{ self = [super init]; if (self) { _name = name; _address = address; _phonenum = phonenum; _gender = gender; } return self; } - (void)displayContactInfo{ NSLog(@"姓名：%@ 性别：%@ 电话：%@ 地址：%@ 分组 %@",_name,_gender,_phonenum,_address,_groupName); } - (NSString *)description{ return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@ %@ %@ %@ %@",_name,_gender,_address,_phonenum,_groupName]; } @end
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h> #import "Contact.h" //接口（就是声明的一些方法） @interface AddressBook : NSObject //getter - (NSMutableDictionary *)allContacts; //添加新的联系人 - (void)addContact:(Contact *)contact; //获取某个分组的联系人 - (NSMutableArray * )allContactWithGroupName:(NSString *)groupName; //根据电话号码搜索联系人 - (Contact *)getContactWithPhoneNum:(NSString *)phoneNum; //获取所有的女性联系人 - (NSMutableArray *)getAllFemaContact; //根据姓名删除联系人 - (void)deleteContactWithName:(NSString *)name; //删除某个分组的全部联系人 - (void)deleteAllContactsWithGroupName:(NSString *)groupName; //展示通讯录中的所有联系人 - (void)displayAllContacs; //初始化重写 - (id)init; //自定义初始化方法 - (id)initWithDic; @end
#import "AddressBook.h" @implementation AddressBook { NSMutableDictionary * _allContacts;//存储所有的联系人 } //getter - (NSMutableDictionary *)allContacts{ return _allContacts; } //自定义初始化方法 - (id)initWithDic{ self = [super init]; if (self) { Contact *yingjie = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"Yingjie" gender:@"man" phonenum:@"12312545" address:@"US" ]; Contact *ying = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"Ying" gender:@"man" phonenum:@"13523526303" address:@"US" ]; Contact *zhang = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"Zhang" gender:@"man" phonenum:@"12312545" address:@"US" ]; Contact *huang = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"Huang" gender:@"man" phonenum:@"12312545" address:@"US" ]; Contact *liu = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"Liuxian" gender:@"gril" phonenum:@"12312545" address:@"US" ]; Contact *niu = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"Niu" gender:@"man" phonenum:@"13523526302" address:@"US" ]; //创建分组 NSMutableArray * yArr = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:yingjie,ying, nil]; NSMutableArray * zArr = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:zhang, nil]; NSMutableArray * hArr = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:huang, nil]; NSMutableArray * lArr = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:liu, nil]; NSMutableArray * nArr = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:niu, nil]; //把分组名称放到对应的字典(管理所有分组联系人) _allContacts = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:yArr,@"Y",zArr,@"Z",hArr,@"H",lArr,@"",nArr,@"N",lArr,@"L", nil ]; } return self; } //添加新的联系人 - (void)addContact:(Contact *)contact{ if (![contact name]||![[contact name]length]|| ![contact phonenmu]||![[contact phonenmu]length]) { NSLog(@"添加失败"); }else{ NSString * name = [contact name]; NSString * fristCahr = [[name substringToIndex:1]capitalizedString]; NSMutableArray * group = [_allContacts objectForKey:fristCahr]; if (!group) { group = [NSMutableArray array]; [group addObject:contact]; [_allContacts setObject:group forKey:fristCahr]; } [group addObject:contact]; } } //获取某个分组的联系人 - (NSMutableArray * )allContactWithGroupName:(NSString *)groupName{ return [_allContacts objectForKey:groupName]; } //根据电话号码搜索联系人 - (Contact *)getContactWithPhoneNum:(NSString *)phoneNum{ for (NSString * key in _allContacts) { NSMutableArray * group = _allContacts[key]; for (Contact *contact in group) { if ([[contact phonenmu] isEqualToString:phoneNum]) { return contact; } } } return nil; } //获取所有的女性联系人 - (NSMutableArray *)getAllFemaContact{ NSMutableArray * girlArr = [NSMutableArray array]; for (NSString * key in _allContacts) { NSMutableArray * group = _allContacts[key]; for (Contact * contact in group) { if ([[contact gender]isEqualToString:@"gril"]) { [girlArr addObject:contact]; return contact; } } } return nil; } //根据姓名删除联系人 - (void)deleteContactWithName:(NSString *)name{ //获取姓名的首字母 NSString * first = [[name substringToIndex:1]capitalizedString]; //获取联系人分组 NSMutableArray * group = [_allContacts objectForKey:first]; for (Contact *contact in group) {//不能对容器做更改 if ([[contact name]isEqualToString:name]) { [group removeObject:contact];//如果是我们要找的人那就删除 NSLog(@"删除一条数据成功"); break; } } } //删除某个分组的全部联系人 - (void)deleteAllContactsWithGroupName:(NSString *)groupName{ [_allContacts removeObjectForKey:groupName]; NSLog(@"成功删除分组%@",groupName); } //展示通讯录中的所有联系人 - (void)displayAllContacs{ NSLog(@"%@",_allContacts); } //重写init 方法 - (id)init{ self = [super init]; if (self) { //存储联系人 //建立联系人对象 Contact *yingjie = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"Yingjie" gender:@"man" phonenum:@"12312545" address:@"US" ]; Contact *ying = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"Ying" gender:@"man" phonenum:@"13523526303" address:@"US" ]; Contact *zhang = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"Zhang" gender:@"man" phonenum:@"12312545" address:@"US" ]; Contact *huang = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"Huang" gender:@"man" phonenum:@"12312545" address:@"US" ]; Contact *liu = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"Liuxian" gender:@"gril" phonenum:@"12312545" address:@"US" ]; Contact *niu = [[Contact alloc]initWithName:@"Niu" gender:@"man" phonenum:@"13523526302" address:@"US" ]; //创建分组 NSMutableArray * yArr = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:yingjie,ying, nil]; NSMutableArray * zArr = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:zhang, nil]; NSMutableArray * hArr = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:huang, nil]; NSMutableArray * lArr = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:liu, nil]; NSMutableArray * nArr = [NSMutableArray arrayWithObjects:niu, nil]; //把分组名称放到对应的字典(管理所有分组联系人) _allContacts = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:yArr,@"Y",zArr,@"Z",hArr,@"H",lArr,@"L",nArr,@"N", nil ]; } return self; } @end
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