一、环境介绍
Linux系统:RedHat Linux 6.5
Oracle版本:10.2.0.1
二、修改系统变量&&权限&&防火墙
1. /etc/hosts
2. /etc/sysctl.conf
3. /etc/security/limits.conf
4. /etc/selinux/config
具体步骤如下:
1.vi /etc/hosts
[root@db01 ~]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.0.111 db01
2.vi /etc/sysctl.conf添加如下内容(摘用11g的参数,可优化参照官方文档)
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
kernel.shmmax = 68719476736
kernel.shmall = 4294967296
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem =250 32000 100 128
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range =9000 65500
fs.file-max=6815744
fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
完成后#sysctl -p,使生效
3.修改/etc/security/limits.conf 文件尾部追加如下内容,以设置用户限制
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle hard stack 10240
4.在/etc/selinux/config 文件中设置:SELINUX=disabled
5.关闭防火墙
[root@db01 ~]# service iptables stop
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]
[root@db01 ~]# chkconfig iptables off
三、添加oracle用户&&组&&创建目录
[root@db01 ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60001 oinstall
[root@db01 ~]# /usr/sbin/groupadd -g 60002 dba
[root@db01 ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@db01 ~]# mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle
[root@db01 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
[root@db01 ~]# chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle
[root@db01 ~]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/
[root@db01 ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
四、设置oracle用户环境变量
vi .bash_profile
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0.1/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
保存退出后,source .bash_profile
五、安装Oracle软件
解压安装包
[root@db01 software]# ll
total 1908200
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 758433170 Apr 6 14:18 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz
[root@db01 software]# gunzip 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio.gz
[root@db01 software]#cpio -idmv <10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio
注:别少了<符号
[root@db01 software]# chown -R oracle:oinstall database/
开始安装
[oracle@db01 database]$ ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking installer requirements...
Checking operating system version: must be redhat-3, SuSE-9, redhat-4, UnitedLinux-1.0, asianux-1 or asianux-2
Failed <<<<
Exiting Oracle Universal Installer, log for this session can be found at /tmp/OraInstall2017-04-06_02-33-44PM/installActions2017-04-06_02-33-44PM.log
问题分析:
Linux版本过高
解决办法:
1.[root@db01 software]# vi /etc/redhat-release
把6.5修改为4
2.[oracle@db01 database]$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs
缺少libXp32的RPM包,这个包在rhel4/oel4中叫xorg-x11-deprecated-libs,在rhel5/oel5中叫libXp,安装步骤如下
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libX11.so.6 is needed by libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686
libXau.so.6 is needed by libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686
libXext.so.6 is needed by libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libX11-1.5.0-4.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libX11-1.5.0-4.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libxcb.so.1 is needed by libX11-1.5.0-4.el6.i686
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libxcb-1.8.1-1.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libxcb-1.8.1-1.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libXau.so.6 is needed by libxcb-1.8.1-1.el6.i686
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libXau-1.0.6-4.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libXau-1.0.6-4.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libXau ########################################### [100%]
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libxcb-1.8.1-1.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libxcb-1.8.1-1.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libxcb ########################################### [100%]
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libX11-1.5.0-4.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libX11-1.5.0-4.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libX11 ########################################### [100%]
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libXext-1.3.1-2.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libXext-1.3.1-2.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libXext ########################################### [100%]
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libXp-1.0.0-15.1.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libXp ########################################### [100%]
缺少libXt.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory,安装步骤如下
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libXt-1.1.3-1.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libXt-1.1.3-1.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libICE.so.6 is needed by libXt-1.1.3-1.el6.i686
libSM.so.6 is needed by libXt-1.1.3-1.el6.i686
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libICE-1.0.6-1.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libICE-1.0.6-1.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libICE ########################################### [100%]
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libSM-1.2.1-2.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libSM-1.2.1-2.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libuuid.so.1 is needed by libSM-1.2.1-2.el6.i686
libuuid.so.1(UUID_1.0) is needed by libSM-1.2.1-2.el6.i686
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libuuid-2.17.2-12.14.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libuuid-2.17.2-12.14.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libuuid ########################################### [100%]
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libSM-1.2.1-2.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libSM-1.2.1-2.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libSM ########################################### [100%]
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libXt-1.1.3-1.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libXt-1.1.3-1.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libXt ########################################### [100%]
缺少libXtst.so.6: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory occurred
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libXtst-1.2.1-2.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libXtst-1.2.1-2.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
error: Failed dependencies:
libXi.so.6 is needed by libXtst-1.2.1-2.el6.i686
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libXi-1.6.1-3.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libXi-1.6.1-3.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libXi ########################################### [100%]
[root@db01 software]# rpm -ivh libXtst-1.2.1-2.el6.i686.rpm
warning: libXtst-1.2.1-2.el6.i686.rpm: Header V3 RSA/SHA256 Signature, key ID fd431d51: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:libXtst ########################################### [100%]
再次执行 ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs
问题的原因所在:Linux没有安装32位的glibc-devel包
针对这个问题,直接continue,安装完成,进入$ORACLE_HOME/bin,执行./relink all
现象:
在使用Kernel 2.6版本的Linux的时候当使用DBCA进行数据库创建的时候会出现如下错误:
DBCA时出现ORA-27125错误解决过程
ORA-27125: unable to create shared memory segment
Linux-x86_64 Error: 1: Operation not permitted
原因:
这是一个与linux hugetlb有关的错误,我们可以通过如下的步骤进行解决:
解决:
# more /proc/sys/vm/hugetlb_shm_group
0
# id oracle
uid=502(oracle) gid=503(oinstall) groups=503(oinstall),504(dba)
# vi /etc/sysctl.conf
加入如下的内容,其中504为dba组号,需要根据你实际的情况进行改变。
vm.hugetlb_shm_group = 504
# sysctl -p
至此安装完成,后面一篇将介绍Oracle 10.2.0.1升级的问题