python定义静态变量,Python中的静态类变量

Is it possible to have static class variables or methods in python? What syntax is required to do this?

解决方案

Variables declared inside the class definition, but not inside a method are class or static variables:

>>> class MyClass:

... i = 3

...

>>> MyClass.i

3

As @millerdev points out, this creates a class-level "i" variable, but this is distinct from any instance-level "i" variable, so you could have

>>> m = MyClass()

>>> m.i = 4

>>> MyClass.i, m.i

>>> (3, 4)

This is different from C++ and Java, but not so different from C#, where a static member can't be accessed using a reference to an instance.

@Steve Johnson has already answered regarding static methods, also documented under "Built-in Functions" in the Python Library Reference.

class C:

@staticmethod

def f(arg1, arg2, ...): ...

@beidy recommends classmethods over staticmethod, as the method then receives the class type as the first argument, but I'm still a little fuzzy on the advantages of this approach over staticmethod. If you are too, then it probably doesn't matter.