我的做法不是 Control.DrawToBitmap ,而是直接QueryInterface 浏览器Com对象的 IViewObject 接口,用它实现的Draw方法,画到图象上.
首先定义IViewObject的接口声名,如下:
IVewObject接口声明
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Text;using System.Security;using System.Runtime.InteropServices;using System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;namespace SnapLibrary
{
/**//// <summary>
/// 从 .Net 2.0 的 System.Windows.Forms.Dll 库提取 /// 版权所有：微软公司
/// </summary> [SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] internal static class UnsafeNativeMethods { public static Guid IID_IViewObject = new Guid("{0000010d-0000-0000-C000-000000000046}"); [ComImport, Guid("0000010d-0000-0000-C000-000000000046"), InterfaceType(ComInterfaceType.InterfaceIsIUnknown)] public interface IViewObject { [PreserveSig] int Draw([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int dwDrawAspect, int lindex, IntPtr pvAspect, [In] NativeMethods.tagDVTARGETDEVICE ptd, IntPtr hdcTargetDev, IntPtr hdcDraw, [In] NativeMethods.COMRECT lprcBounds, [In] NativeMethods.COMRECT lprcWBounds, IntPtr pfnContinue, [In] int dwContinue); [PreserveSig] int GetColorSet([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int dwDrawAspect, int lindex, IntPtr pvAspect, [In] NativeMethods.tagDVTARGETDEVICE ptd, IntPtr hicTargetDev, [Out] NativeMethods.tagLOGPALETTE ppColorSet); [PreserveSig] int Freeze([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int dwDrawAspect, int lindex, IntPtr pvAspect, [Out] IntPtr pdwFreeze); [PreserveSig] int Unfreeze([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int dwFreeze); void SetAdvise([In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int aspects, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] int advf, [In, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.Interface)] IAdviseSink pAdvSink); void GetAdvise([In, Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] int[] paspects, [In, Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] int[] advf, [In, Out, MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPArray)] IAdviseSink[] pAdvSink); } }
}
该接口.net 自己带了,只是internal形式,所以只有想办法用Reflector 将它弄出来,相关的还有几个类,分别是tagLOGPALETTE,COMRECT,tagDVTARGETDEVICE.
定义如下:
相关定义
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Text;using System.Runtime.InteropServices;using System.Drawing;namespace SnapLibrary{ /**//// <summary> /// 从 .Net 2.0 的 System.Windows.Forms.Dll 库提取 /// 版权所有：微软公司 /// </summary> internal static class NativeMethods { [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public sealed class tagDVTARGETDEVICE { [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U4)] public int tdSize; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)] public short tdDriverNameOffset; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)] public short tdDeviceNameOffset; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)] public short tdPortNameOffset; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)] public short tdExtDevmodeOffset; } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public class COMRECT { public int left; public int top; public int right; public int bottom; public COMRECT() { } public COMRECT(Rectangle r) { this.left = r.X; this.top = r.Y; this.right = r.Right; this.bottom = r.Bottom; } public COMRECT(int left, int top, int right, int bottom) { this.left = left; this.top = top; this.right = right; this.bottom = bottom; } public static NativeMethods.COMRECT FromXYWH(int x, int y, int width, int height) { return new NativeMethods.COMRECT(x, y, x + width, y + height); } public override string ToString() { return string.Concat(new object[] { "Left = ", this.left, " Top ", this.top, " Right = ", this.right, " Bottom = ", this.bottom }); } } [StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)] public sealed class tagLOGPALETTE { [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)] public short palVersion; [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.U2)] public short palNumEntries; } }}
现在可以通过 Marshal.QueryInterface 将浏览器COM实例的IViewObject接口取出:
//
获取接口
object
hret
=
Marshal.QueryInterface(Marshal.GetIUnknownForObject(pUnknown),
ref
UnsafeNativeMethods.IID_IViewObject,
out
pViewObject);
将IViewObject 指针对象 pViewObject 转化为接口对象.
ViewObject
=
Marshal.GetTypedObjectForIUnknown(pViewObject,
typeof
(SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject))
as
SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject;
调用draw方法,绘制到图象上,以下是TakeSnapshot方法的完整代码:
Snapshot类
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Text;using System.Runtime.InteropServices;using System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes;using System.Drawing;using System.Windows.Forms;namespace SnapLibrary{ /**//// <summary> /// ActiveX 组件快照类 /// AcitveX 必须实现 IViewObject 接口 /// /// 作者:随飞 /// http://chinasf.cnblogs.com /// chinasf@hotmail.com /// </summary> public class Snapshot { /**//// <summary> /// 取快照 /// </summary> /// <param name="pUnknown">Com 对象</param> /// <param name="bmpRect">图象大小</param> /// <returns></returns> public Bitmap TakeSnapshot(object pUnknown, Rectangle bmpRect) { if (pUnknown == null) return null; //必须为com对象 if (!Marshal.IsComObject(pUnknown)) return null; //IViewObject 接口 SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject ViewObject = null; IntPtr pViewObject = IntPtr.Zero; //内存图 Bitmap pPicture = new Bitmap(bmpRect.Width, bmpRect.Height); Graphics hDrawDC = Graphics.FromImage(pPicture); //获取接口 object hret = Marshal.QueryInterface(Marshal.GetIUnknownForObject(pUnknown), ref UnsafeNativeMethods.IID_IViewObject, out pViewObject); try { ViewObject = Marshal.GetTypedObjectForIUnknown(pViewObject, typeof(SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject)) as SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject; //调用Draw方法 ViewObject.Draw((int)DVASPECT.DVASPECT_CONTENT, -1, IntPtr.Zero, null, IntPtr.Zero, hDrawDC.GetHdc(), new NativeMethods.COMRECT(bmpRect), null, IntPtr.Zero, 0); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); throw ex; } //释放 hDrawDC.Dispose(); return pPicture; } }}
到此既完成了对Com对象的图象抓取.那么现在给它提供一个浏览器的实例,让它实现对 web page 的快照吧.
.net 2.0提供了webbrowser对象,它是对activex对象的包装,它的使用很简单,这里就不详细说明.
WebBrowser 对象的实例的属性ActiveXInstance就是它的原生COM对象,获取它的IVewObject接口,即可调用它实现的Draw方法把网页绘制到指定的DC上.
以下是对webbrowser对象的包装类,结合Snapshot 类的类代码:
web 页面快照类
/**//// <summary> /// web 页面快照类 /// </summary> public class WebPageSnapshot : IDisposable { string url = "about:blank"; /**//// <summary> /// 简单构造一个 WebBrowser 对象 /// 更灵活的应该是直接引用浏览器的com对象实现稳定控制 /// </summary> WebBrowser wb = new WebBrowser(); /**//// <summary> /// URL 地址 /// http://www.cnblogs.com /// </summary> public string Url { get { return url; } set { url = value; } } int width = 1024; /**//// <summary> /// 图象宽度 /// </summary> public int Width { get { return width; } set { width = value; } } int height = 768; /**//// <summary> /// 图象高度 /// </summary> public int Height { get { return height; } set { height = value; } } /**//// <summary> /// 初始化 /// </summary> protected void InitComobject() { try { wb.ScriptErrorsSuppressed = false; wb.ScrollBarsEnabled = false; wb.Size = new Size(1024, 768); wb.Navigate(this.url); //因为没有窗体，所以必须如此 while (wb.ReadyState != WebBrowserReadyState.Complete) System.Windows.Forms.Application.DoEvents(); wb.Stop(); if (wb.ActiveXInstance == null) throw new Exception("实例不能为空"); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); throw ex; } } /**//// <summary> /// 获取快照 /// </summary> /// <returns>Bitmap</returns> public Bitmap TakeSnapshot() { try { InitComobject(); //构造snapshot类，抓取浏览器ActiveX的图象 SnapLibrary.Snapshot snap = new SnapLibrary.Snapshot(); return snap.TakeSnapshot(wb.ActiveXInstance, new Rectangle(0, 0, this.width, this.height)); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); throw ex; } } public void Dispose() { wb.Dispose(); } }
这里提供一个测试用的代码:
class
Program
{ /**//// <summary> /// 测试 /// </summary> /// <param name="args"></param> [STAThread] static void Main(string[] args) { //web 页面快照 WebPageSnapshot wps = new WebPageSnapshot(); if (args != null && args.Length > 1) wps.Url = args[0]; else wps.Url = "http://www.cnblogs.com"; try { //保存到文件 wps.TakeSnapshot().Save("1.bmp"); } catch (Exception ex) { Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); Console.ReadLine(); } wps.Dispose(); } }
工程原始代码下载:
/Files/Chinasf/SnapLibrary.rar
当然,这样做可能太复杂了，因为.net 为我们简化了所有的工作,简单到任意的contrl对象都支持DrawToBitmap 方法.不过想要了解机制的朋友们,可以研究一下.
2006年12月26日 8:55:14 修正:请到Snapshot类中增加一句释放引用接口的代码.
Snapshot..
try
{ //ViewObject = Marshal.GetObjectForIUnknown(pViewObject) as SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject; ViewObject = Marshal.GetTypedObjectForIUnknown(pViewObject, typeof(SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject)) as SnapLibrary.UnsafeNativeMethods.IViewObject; //调用Draw方法 ViewObject.Draw((int)DVASPECT.DVASPECT_CONTENT, -1, IntPtr.Zero, null, IntPtr.Zero, hDrawDC.GetHdc(), new NativeMethods.COMRECT(bmpRect), null, IntPtr.Zero, 0); Marshal.Release(pViewObject); }
catch
(Exception ex)
{ Console.WriteLine(ex.Message); throw ex; }
红色加粗位置.
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