断点续传的原理:一个文件下载了一部分后,由于服务器或客户端原因,当前下载进度中断,用户可继续重新建立网络连接继续下载未下完的部分
断点三个最主要的属性: Code:连接返回响应状态,状态码206支持断点续传
Range属性:下载区域,它接收是一个区间范围,比如:Range:bytes=0-10000
例如:下载8.zip文件要求从10086字节开始传,前面的字节不用传,那么RANGE: bytes=10086-
Content-Range:bytes start- (fileSize-1)/fileSize;注释:fileSize文件总大小,start续传区间,从哪个位置开始续传的位置
首次请求支持断点续传服务器:
请求:
GET /down.zip HTTP/1.1
Accept: image/gif, image/x-xbitmap, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, application/vnd.ms-
excel, application/msword, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, */*
Accept-Language: zh-cn
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
User-Agent: Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.01; Windows NT 5.0)
Connection: Keep-Alive
响应:
200
Content-Length=106786028
Accept-Ranges=bytes
Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2013 12:56:11 GMT
ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"
Content-Type=application/octet-stream
Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0
Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2013 12:56:11 GMT
第二次请求支持断点续传服务器:
请求:
GET /down.zip HTTP/1.0
User-Agent: NetFox
RANGE: bytes=2000070-
Accept: text/html, image/gif, image/jpeg, *; q=.2, */*; q=.2
响应:
206
Content-Length=106786028
Content-Range=bytes 2000070-106786027/106786028
Date=Mon, 30 Apr 2013 12:55:20 GMT
ETag=W/"02ca57e173c11:95b"
Content-Type=application/octet-stream
Server=Microsoft-IIS/5.0
Last-Modified=Mon, 30 Apr 2013 12:55:20 GMT
示例图:
代码示例:
支持断点续传后台服务:
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@SuppressWarnings("serial")
public class RetryBokenDownloadsServlet extends HttpServlet {
public RetryBokenDownloadsServlet() {
super();
}
public void init() throws ServletException {
super.init();
}
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//定义一个任意访问文件位置的RandomAccessFiled对象
RandomAccessFile raFile = null;
//获取响应输出流对象
ServletOutputStream sos = null;
try {
//下载网络杂志的相对路径
String downloadFile = request.getParameter("downloadFile");
//下载文件名
String fileName = request.getParameter("fileName");
//获取绝对路径下网络杂志文件大小
int fileSize = getFileByte(FileUtil.SITE_PATH + downloadFile);
//设置下载文件大小
response.addHeader("content-file-length", "" + (fileSize));
//定义一个任意访问文件位置的RandomAccessFiled对象
raFile = new RandomAccessFile(FileUtil.SITE_PATH + downloadFile, "r");
//设置获取客户端请求RANGE,获取下载文件的字节开始位置和结束位置
String range = request.getHeader("RANGE");
int status =200; //返回的状态码,默认200,首次下载
//如果range下载区域为空,则首次下载,
if(range ==null){
range="bytes=0-";
}else{
//非首次下载通过下载区域下载使用206状态码支持断点续传
status =206;
}
int start = 0, end = 0;
if (null != range && range.startsWith("bytes=")) {
String[] values = range.split("=")[1].split("-");
start = Integer.parseInt(values[0]);
//如果服务器端没有设置end结尾,默认取下载全部
if(values.length==1){
end = fileSize;
}else{
end = Integer.parseInt(values[1]);
}
}
//此次数据响应大小
int responseSize = 0;
if (end != 0 && end > start) {
responseSize = end - start + 1;
//返回当前连接下载的数据大小,也就是此次数据传输大小
response.addHeader("content-length", "" + (responseSize));
} else {
responseSize = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
}
//设置缓存为要下载的文件大小一半,减少太频繁并发连接数超过了其承载量而出现 ClientAbortException: java.io.IOException异常,在windows7本地调试不会,在window2003和linux会出现,待排查
//超过20M,缓存设置默认20M左右,如视频,防止内存溢出
int maxSize = 1024*1024*20;
byte[] buffer = null;
if (fileSize > maxSize){
buffer = new byte[1024*1024*20];
}else{
buffer = new byte[fileSize/2];
}
//设置响应状态码
response.setStatus(status);
if(status == 206){
//设置断点续传的Content-Range传输字节和总字节
response.addHeader("Content-Range","bytes "+start+"-"+(fileSize-1)+"/"+fileSize);
}
//设置响应客户端内容类型
response.setContentType("application/x-download");
//设置响应客户端头
response.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename="+ fileName);
//response.addHeader("Content-Range","bytes ""1000-5000/5001" );
//获取响应输出流对象
sos = response.getOutputStream();
//当前需要下载文件的大小
int needSize = responseSize;
//将下载网络杂志记录指针定位到start位置
raFile.seek(start);
while (needSize > 0) {
int len = raFile.read(buffer);
if (needSize < buffer.length) {
sos.write(buffer, 0, needSize);
} else {
sos.write(buffer, 0, len);
//如果读取文件大小小于缓冲字节大小,表示已写入完,直接跳出
if (len < buffer.length) {
break;
}
}
//不断更新当前可下载文件大小
needSize -= buffer.length;
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
//关闭流
if(raFile != null){
raFile.close();
}
if(sos != null){
sos.close();
}
}
}
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest reuqest,
HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
doGet(reuqest,response);
response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
out.println("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\">");
out.println("<HTML>");
out.println("</HTML>");
out.flush();
out.close();
}
/**
* 获取文件字节总大小
* @param filePath 文件绝对路径(硬盘路径)
* @return
* @throws IOException
*/
private static int getFileByte(String filePath) throws IOException {
File file = new File(filePath);
FileInputStream fs = null;
int fileSize = 0;
try {
fs = new FileInputStream(file);
fileSize = fs.available();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
if(fs!=null){
fs.close();
}
}
return fileSize;
}
public void destroy() {
super.destroy();
}
}
测试类:
/**
* 断点续传下载
* @param start 开始位置
* @param end 结束位置
* @throws MalformedURLException
* @throws FileNotFoundException
*/
public static void retryBokenDownloads(int start, int end){
String testUrl= "xxxxxxx.zip";
try {
File file = new File("E:/temp/8.zip");
if(file.exists()){
System.out.println("获取已下载的文件大小="+file.length());
}else{
System.out.println("获取已下载的文件大小0");
}
RandomAccessFile raFile = new RandomAccessFile("E:/temp/8.zip", "rw");
URL url = new URL(endpoint);
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","text/html; charset=UTF-8");
conn.setRequestProperty("RANGE","bytes="+start+"-"+end);
conn.connect();
System.out.println(conn.getResponseCode()); //获取服务端的返回的响应码,200-返回连接成功
System.out.println(conn.getContentLength()); //获取服务端的内容长度
System.out.println(conn.getContentType()); //获取服务端的内容类型
System.out.println(conn.getHeaderField("content-file-length")); //获取服务端的文件大小
System.out.println(conn.getHeaderField("Content-Range")); //获取服务端的文件大小
//System.out.println(conn.getHeaderField("content-length")); //连接服务端下载的大小
InputStream ins = (InputStream)conn.getContent();
raFile.seek(start);
byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
int len = -1;
while((len = ins.read(buffer))!=-1){
raFile.write(buffer,0,len);
}
raFile.close();
conn.disconnect();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}