1、请求周期
url> 路由 > 函数或类 > 返回字符串或者模板语言?
Form表单提交:
提交 -> url > 函数或类中的方法
- ....
HttpResponse('....')
render(request,'index.html')
redirect('/index/')
用户 < < 返回字符串
(当接受到redirect时)自动发起另外一个请求
--> url .....
Ajax:
$.ajax({
url: '/index/',
data: {'k': 'v', 'list': [1,2,3,4], 'k3': JSON.stringfy({'k1': 'v'}))}, $(form对象).serilize()
type: 'POST',
dataType: 'JSON':
traditional: true,
success:function(d){
location.reload() # 刷新
location.href = "某个地址" # 跳转
}
})
提交 -> url -> 函数或类中的方法
HttpResponse('{}')
render(request, 'index.html', {'name': 'v1'})
<h1>{{ name }}</h1> -->
<h1>v1</h1>
XXXXXXX redirect...
用户 <<<<< 字符串
2、路由系统URL
a. /index/ -> 函数或类
b. /index/(\d+) -> 函数或类
c. /index/(?P<nid>\d+) -> 函数或类
d. /index/(?P<nid>\d+) name='root' -> 函数或类
reverse()
{% url 'root' 1%}
e. /crm/ include('app01.urls') -> 路由分发
f. 默认值
url(r'^index/', views.index, {'name': 'root'}),
def index(request,name):
print(name)
return HttpResponse('OK')
g. 命名空间
/admin/ include('app01.urls',namespace='m1')
/crm/ include('app01.urls',namespace='m1')
app01.urls
/index/ name = 'n1'
reverser('m1:n1')
3、
def func(request):
request.POST
request.GET
request.FILES
request.getlist
request.method
request.path_info
return render,HttpResponse,redirect
4、
render(request, 'index.html')
# for
# if
# 索引. keys values items all
5、
class User(models.Model):
username = models.CharField(max_length=32)
email = models.EmailField()
有验证功能
Django Admin
无验证功能:
User.objects.create(username='root',email='asdfasdfasdfasdf')
User.objects.filter(id=1).update(email='666')
class UserType(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
class User(models.Model):
username = models.CharField(max_length=32)
email = models.EmailField()
user_type = models.ForeignKey("UserType")
user_list = User.objects.all()
for obj user_list:
obj.username,obj.email,obj.user_type_id,obj.user_type.name,obj.user_type.id
user = User.objects.get(id=1)
user.
User.objects.all().values("username","user_type__name",)
class UserType(models.Model):
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
class User(models.Model):
username = models.CharField(max_length=32)
email = models.EmailField()
user_type = models.ForeignKey("UserType")
m = models.ManyToMany('UserGroup')
class UserGroup(models.Model):
name = ....
obj = User.objects.get(id=1)
obj.m.add(2)
obj.m.add(2,3)
obj.m.add(*[1,2,3])
obj.m.remove(...)
obj.m.clear()
obj.m.set([1,2,3,4,5])
# 多个组,UserGroup对象
obj.m.all()
obj.m.filter(name='CTO')
知识点:
URL
- 两个
Views
- 请求的其他信息
from django.core.handlers.wsgi import WSGIRequest
request.environ
request.environ['HTTP_USER_AGENT']
- 装饰器
FBV:
def auth(func):
def inner(reqeust,*args,**kwargs):
v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
if not v:
return redirect('/login/')
return func(reqeust, *args,**kwargs)
return inner
CBV:
from django import views
from django.utils.decorators import method_decorator
@method_decorator(auth,name='dispatch')
class Order(views.View):
# @method_decorator(auth)
# def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
# return super(Order,self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)
# @method_decorator(auth)
def get(self,reqeust):
v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
return render(reqeust,'index.html',{'current_user': v})
def post(self,reqeust):
v = reqeust.COOKIES.get('username111')
return render(reqeust,'index.html',{'current_user': v})
Templates
- 母版...html
extends
include
- 自定义函数
simple_tag
a. app下创建templatetags目录
b. 任意xxoo.py文件
c. 创建template对象 register
d.
@register.simple_tag
def func(a1,a2,a3....)
return "asdfasd"
e. settings中注册APP
f. 顶部 {% load xxoo %}
g. {% 函数名 arg1 arg2 %}
缺点:
不能作为if条件
优点:
参数任意
filter
a. app下创建templatetags目录
b. 任意xxoo.py文件
c. 创建template对象 register
d.
@register.filter
def func(a1,a2)
return "asdfasd"
e. settings中注册APP
f. 顶部 {% load xxoo %}
g. {{ 参数1|函数名:"参数二,参数三" }} {{ 参数1|函数名:数字 }}
缺点:
最多两个参数,不能加空格
优点:
能作为if条件
分页(自定义的分页)
XSS:
{{ page_str|safe }}
mark_safe(page_str)
cookie
客户端浏览器上的一个文件
{"user": 'dachengzi'}
session :装饰器
Models
- 一大波操作
Form验证
-
缓存
中间件
信号
CSRF
Admin/ModelForm