ERROR 1709 (HY000): Index column size too large. The maximum column size is 767 bytes.

MySQL版本5.6.35

在一个长度为512字符的字段上创建unique key报错

CREATE DATABASE dpcs_metadata DEFAULT CHARACTER SET utf8;
select * from information_schema.SCHEMATA;
+--------------+--------------------+----------------------------+------------------------+----------+
| CATALOG_NAME | SCHEMA_NAME        | DEFAULT_CHARACTER_SET_NAME | DEFAULT_COLLATION_NAME | SQL_PATH |
+--------------+--------------------+----------------------------+------------------------+----------+
| def          | information_schema | utf8                       | utf8_general_ci        | NULL     |
| def          | dpcs_metadata      | utf8                       | utf8_general_ci        | NULL     |
| def          | mysql              | utf8                       | utf8_bin               | NULL     |
| def          | performance_schema | utf8                       | utf8_general_ci        | NULL     |
| def          | test               | utf8                       | utf8_bin               | NULL     |
+--------------+--------------------+----------------------------+------------------------+----------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

use dpcs_metadata;

create table raw_log_meta_data(
       id bigint NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
       app_id varchar(64),
       user_id varchar(128),
       file_path varchar(512),
       device_id varchar(128),
       update_time DATETIME,
       PRIMARY KEY (id),
       UNIQUE KEY (user_id),
       UNIQUE KEY (file_path)
       ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

ERROR 1071 (42000): Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes

 MySQL用1到2个额外字节记录该字段的长度，当字段长度小于等于255时使用1个字节记录字段长度，当长度大于255时使用2~4个字节记录字段长度，字段file_path的长度为512*3+2=1538个字节，超过系统默认767字节数限制

select * from information_schema.character_sets where character_set_name in('latin1', 'utf8',