silverlight4数据与通信之WebClient详解

 

编写一个简单的示例，在该示例中，选择一本书籍之后，我们通过 Web Client 去查询书籍的价格，并显

示出来，最终的效果如下： 

编写界面布局，XAML 如下：

 

< UserControl x:Class ="sample.s12"
xmlns ="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x ="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:d ="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:mc ="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
mc:Ignorable ="d"
d:DesignHeight ="300" d:DesignWidth ="400" Loaded ="UserControl_Loaded" >

< Grid Background ="#46461F" >
< Grid.RowDefinitions >
< RowDefinition Height ="40" ></ RowDefinition >
< RowDefinition Height ="*" ></ RowDefinition >
< RowDefinition Height ="40" ></ RowDefinition >
</ Grid.RowDefinitions >
< Grid.ColumnDefinitions >
< ColumnDefinition ></ ColumnDefinition >
</ Grid.ColumnDefinitions >
< Border Grid.Row ="0" Grid.Column ="0" CornerRadius ="15"
Width ="240" Height ="36"
Margin ="20 0 0 0" HorizontalAlignment ="Left" >
< TextBlock Text ="书籍列表" Foreground ="White"
HorizontalAlignment ="Left" VerticalAlignment ="Center"
Margin ="20 0 0 0" ></ TextBlock >
</ Border >
< ListBox x:Name ="Books" Grid.Row ="1" Margin ="40 10 10 10"
SelectionChanged ="Books_SelectionChanged" >
< ListBox.ItemTemplate >
< DataTemplate >
< StackPanel >
< TextBlock Text =" {Binding Name} " Height ="32" ></ TextBlock >
</ StackPanel >
</ DataTemplate >
</ ListBox.ItemTemplate >
</ ListBox >
< Border Grid.Row ="2" Grid.Column ="0" CornerRadius ="15"
Width ="240" Height ="36" Background ="Orange"
Margin ="20 0 0 0" HorizontalAlignment ="Left" >
< TextBlock x:Name ="lblPrice" Text ="价格：" Foreground ="White"
HorizontalAlignment ="Left" VerticalAlignment ="Center"
Margin ="20 0 0 0" ></ TextBlock >
</ Border >
</ Grid >
</ UserControl >

 

 

 

 

 

为了模拟查询价格，我们编写一个 HttpHandler，接收书籍的 No，并返回价格：

 

右键点击Web项目--添加--新建项--一般处理程序（选中Web）--改名为BookHandler--添加

如下图所示：

然后添加以下代码：

 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;

namespace sample.Web
{

public class BookHandler : IHttpHandler
{
public static readonly string [] PriceList = new string [] {
" 66.00 " ,
" 78.30 " ,
" 56.50 " ,
" 28.80 " ,
" 77.00 " };
public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
{
context.Response.ContentType = " text/plain " ;
context.Response.Write(PriceList[Int32.Parse(context.Request.QueryString[ " No " ])]);
}

public bool IsReusable
{
get
{
return false ;
}
}
}
}

 

特别注意，如果修改“一般处理程序”的名称，比如默认为Handler1，后修改为BookHandler。就会出现未能创建类型“sample.Web.Handler1”的错误，出现这个错误的原因是修改不完全。

 

解决方法：右键点击ashx文件，查看标记进行修改即可

新建一个BookClass类

 

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Ink;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Animation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace sample
{
public class BookClass
{
private string name;

public BookClass( string name)
{
this .name = name;
}

public string Name
{
get { return name; }
set { name = value; }
}
}
}

 

 

 

然后在后台代码里面进行绑定

 

private void UserControl_Loaded( object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{

List < BookClass > books = new List < BookClass > ()
{
new BookClass( " Professional ASP.NET 3.5 " ),
new BookClass( " ASP.NET AJAX In Action " ),
new BookClass( " Silverlight In Action " ),
new BookClass( " ASP.NET 3.5 Unleashed " ),
new BookClass( " Introducing Microsoft ASP.NET AJAX " )
};

Books.ItemsSource = books;
}

 

现在就可以看到书名的列表了

 

然后添加SelectionChanged事件。

接下来当用户选择一本书籍时，需要通过Web Client去获取书籍的价格，在Silverlight 中，所有的网络通信API都设计为了异步模式。在声明一个Web Client实例后，我们需要为它注册DownloadStringCompleted事件处理方法，在下载完成后将会被回调，然后再调用DownloadStringAsync方法开始下载。

private void Books_SelectionChanged( object sender, SelectionChangedEventArgs e)
{
// 端口可根据自己的情况随便更改
Uri endpoint = new Uri(String.Format( " http://localhost:80/BookHandler.ashx?No={0} " ,Books.SelectedIndex));

WebClient client = new WebClient();
client.DownloadStringCompleted += new DownloadStringCompletedEventHandler(client_DownloadStringCompleted);

client.DownloadStringAsync(endpoint);
}
void client_DownloadStringCompleted( object sender, DownloadStringCompletedEventArgs e)
{

if (e.Error == null )
{
lblPrice.Text = " 价格： " + e.Result;
}
else
{
lblPrice.Text = e.Error.Message;
}
}

 

最后，设置好端口号，注意要与厚度代码中的端口号一致

 

然后右键点击测试页--在浏览器中查看。至此，你就可以看到最开始展示的页面效果了，注意打开的页面的地址一定是要localhost开头的（IIS），如果是本地路径，那就无法达到效果。

 

 

学习资料来源：http://www.cnblogs.com/Terrylee/archive/2008/03/09/Silverlight2-step-by-step-part12-data-and-Communications-webclient.html

按照此方法步骤，中间有些过程跳跃比较大，所以写此详解，供初学者参考。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/junyuz/archive/2011/01/17/1937406.html