Description
给出一个\(N\)个点\(M\)条边的有向图,结点编号从\(0\)到\(N-1\),每条边有一个花费,求从结点\(0\)到\(N-1\)的花费和最小两条路径,每条边最多走一次,每个点也最多走一次。
Input
多组用例,每组用例的第一行给出两个整数\(N\)和\(M\),表示节点数和边数,接下来的\(M\)行,每行给出三个数\(u\),\(v\)和\(c\),表示从\(u\)点到\(v\)点有一条花费为\(c\)的边。\(0\),\(0\)表示输入结束。
Output
对于每组用例,输出"Instance #x: y",x表示用例序号,从1开始,y表示最短路径。否则输出"Instance #1: Not possible"。
Sample Input
2 1
0 1 20
2 3
0 1 20
0 1 20
1 0 10
4 6
0 1 22
1 3 11
0 2 14
2 3 26
0 3 43
0 3 58
0 0
Sample Output
Instance #1: Not possible
Instance #2: 40
Instance #3: 73
Solution
两条路径花费和最小,最小费用最大流。每条边的花费为\(c\),因为每条边最多走一次,所以容量设为\(1\),因为每个点最多走一次,故拆点,把\(i\)点拆为\(i\)和\(i+n\),\(i\)到\(i+n\)建一条容量为\(1\)花费为\(0\)的边,但结点\(0\)和\(n-1\)的容量设为\(2\),从源点\(0\)到汇点\(n-1+n\)跑最小费用最大流,如果达到满流\(2\),输出最小花费,否则输出"Not possible"。
Code
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
typedef long long ll;
const int INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
const int N = 150;
const int M = 3e4 + 10;
struct Edge
{
int from, to, next, cap, cost;
Edge() {}
Edge(int from, int to, int next, int cap, int cost) :
from(from), to(to), next(next), cap(cap), cost(cost) {}
} edge[M];
int head[N], tot;
void add(int from, int to, int cap, int cost)
{
edge[tot] = Edge(from, to, head[from], cap, cost);
head[from] = tot++;
edge[tot] = Edge(to, from, head[to], 0, -cost);
head[to] = tot++;
}
void init()
{
memset(head, -1, sizeof(head));
tot = 0;
}
int dis[N], pre[N];
bool vis[N];
queue<int> q;
bool spfa(int s, int t)
{
while (!q.empty()) q.pop();
memset(dis, 0x3f, sizeof(dis));
memset(vis, false, sizeof(vis));
memset(pre, -1, sizeof(pre));
q.push(s); vis[s] = true; dis[s] = 0;
while (!q.empty())
{
int u = q.front(); q.pop(); vis[u] = false;
for (int i = head[u]; i != -1; i = edge[i].next)
if (edge[i].cap && dis[u] + edge[i].cost < dis[edge[i].to])
{
int v = edge[i].to;
dis[v] = dis[u] + edge[i].cost;
pre[v] = i;
if (!vis[v]) q.push(v), vis[v] = true;
}
}
return dis[t] < INF;
}
int mcmf(int s, int t, int &maxflow)
{
int mincost = 0;
maxflow = 0;
while (spfa(s, t))
{
int flow = INF;
for (int i = pre[t]; i != -1; i = pre[edge[i].from])
flow = min(flow, edge[i].cap);
for (int i = pre[t]; i != -1; i = pre[edge[i].from])
{
edge[i].cap -= flow;
edge[i ^ 1].cap += flow;
mincost += edge[i].cost * flow;
}
maxflow += flow;
}
return mincost;
}
int main()
{
int n, m, cas = 0;
while (scanf("%d%d", &n, &m), n)
{
init();
add(0, n, 2, 0);
for (int i = 1; i <= n - 2; i++) add(i, n + i, 1, 0);
add(n - 1, n + n - 1, 2, 0);
while (m--)
{
int a, b, c;
scanf("%d%d%d", &a, &b, &c);
add(n + a, b, 1, c);
}
int flow;
int ans = mcmf(0, 2 * n - 1, flow);
printf("Instance #%d: ", ++cas);
if (flow < 2) printf("Not possible\n");
else printf("%d\n", ans);
}
return 0;
}