使用C#开发自己的定义windows服务是一个很简单的事。因此,当。我们需要发展自己windows它的服务。这是当我们需要有定期的计算机或运行某些程序的时候,我们开发。在这里,我有WCF监听案例,因为我是做本地聊天室。必须server结束监控终端,所以,我开发了一个服务。便控制此监听服务。
然而。我们开发的windows服务,默认情况下是无法可视化的操作的。这里我就额外的开发一个工具来对此服务进行操作,效果图例如以下:
开发步骤:
1、“新建项目”——“Window服务”
Program.cs代码:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.ServiceModel;
using System.ServiceModel.Description;
using System.ServiceProcess;
namespace MSMQChatService
{
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
#region 服务启动入口。正式用
ServiceBase[] ServicesToRun;
ServicesToRun = new ServiceBase[] { new MQChatService() };
ServiceBase.Run(ServicesToRun);
#endregion
}
}
MQChatService.cs代码例如以下:
protected override void OnStart(string[] args)
{
//开启服务 这里就是你想要让服务做的操作
StartService();
}
3、切换到MQChatService的可视化界面
4、在可视化界面,单击鼠标右键,
将会出现一个Installer为后缀的新界面。默认好像是Project Installer.cs,我这里将其重命名为ServiceInstaller.cs
分别对界面上这两个组件进行属性配置,详细的属性签名能够查看属性面板的最以下(右下角处)
好了,我们的windows服务已经开发好了。接下来就开发一个可视化的控制器,来控制服务的安装、卸载、启动和停止。
1、 新建一个windows程序,名称ServiceSetup。Form1重命名为FrmServiceSetup,
界面控件例如以下:
Program.cs代码例如以下:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace ServiceSetup
{
static class Program
{
/// <summary>
/// 应用程序的主入口点。
/// </summary>
[STAThread]
static void Main()
{
//获取欲启动进程名
string strProcessName = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetCurrentProcess().ProcessName;
获取版本
//CommonData.VersionNumber = Application.ProductVersion;
//检查进程是否已经启动,已经启动则显示报错信息退出程序。
if (System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessesByName(strProcessName).Length > 1) { MessageBox.Show("程序已经执行。"); Thread.Sleep(1000); System.Environment.Exit(1); } else { Application.EnableVisualStyles(); Application.SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false); Application.Run(new FrmServiceSetup()); } } } }
主界面代码:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace ServiceSetup
{
public partial class FrmServiceSetup : Form
{
string strServiceName = string.Empty;
public FrmServiceSetup()
{
InitializeComponent();
strServiceName = string.IsNullOrEmpty(lblServiceName.Text) ? "MSMQChatService" : lblServiceName.Text;
InitControlStatus(strServiceName, btnInstallOrUninstall, btnStartOrEnd, btnGetStatus, lblMsg, gbMain);
}
/// <summary>
/// 初始化控件状态
/// </summary>
/// <param name="serviceName">服务名称</param>
/// <param name="btn1">安装button</param>
/// <param name="btn2">启动button</param>
/// <param name="btn3">获取状态button</param>
/// <param name="txt">提示信息</param>
/// <param name="gb">服务所在组合框</param>
void InitControlStatus(string serviceName, Button btn1, Button btn2, Button btn3, Label txt, GroupBox gb)
{
try
{
btn1.Enabled = true;
if (ServiceAPI.isServiceIsExisted(serviceName))
{
btn3.Enabled = true;
btn2.Enabled = true;
btn1.Text = "卸载服务";
int status = ServiceAPI.GetServiceStatus(serviceName);
if (status == 4)
{
btn2.Text = "停止服务";
}
else
{
btn2.Text = "启动服务";
}
GetServiceStatus(serviceName, txt);
//获取服务版本号
string temp = string.IsNullOrEmpty(ServiceAPI.GetServiceVersion(serviceName)) ? string.Empty : "(" + ServiceAPI.GetServiceVersion(serviceName) + ")";
gb.Text += temp;
}
else
{
btn1.Text = "安装服务";
btn2.Enabled = false;
btn3.Enabled = false;
txt.Text = "服务【" + serviceName + "】未安装!";
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
txt.Text = "error";
LogAPI.WriteLog(ex.Message);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 安装或卸载服务
/// </summary>
/// <param name="serviceName">服务名称</param>
/// <param name="btnSet">安装、卸载</param>
/// <param name="btnOn">启动、停止</param>
/// <param name="txtMsg">提示信息</param>
/// <param name="gb">组合框</param>
void SetServerce(string serviceName, Button btnSet, Button btnOn, Button btnShow, Label txtMsg, GroupBox gb)
{
try
{
string location = System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location;
string serviceFileName = location.Substring(0, location.LastIndexOf('\\')) + "\\" + serviceName + ".exe";
if (btnSet.Text == "安装服务")
{
ServiceAPI.InstallmyService(null, serviceFileName);
if (ServiceAPI.isServiceIsExisted(serviceName))
{
txtMsg.Text = "服务【" + serviceName + "】成功安装!";
btnOn.Enabled = btnShow.Enabled = true;
string temp = string.IsNullOrEmpty(ServiceAPI.GetServiceVersion(serviceName)) ?
string.Empty : "(" + ServiceAPI.GetServiceVersion(serviceName) + ")"; gb.Text += temp; btnSet.Text = "卸载服务"; btnOn.Text = "启动服务"; } else { txtMsg.Text = "服务【" + serviceName + "】安装失败,请检查日志。"; } } else { ServiceAPI.UnInstallmyService(serviceFileName); if (!ServiceAPI.isServiceIsExisted(serviceName)) { txtMsg.Text = "服务【" + serviceName + "】卸载成功!"; btnOn.Enabled = btnShow.Enabled = false; btnSet.Text = "安装服务"; //gb.Text =strServiceName; } else { txtMsg.Text = "服务【" + serviceName + "】卸载失败。请检查日志!"; } } } catch (Exception ex) { txtMsg.Text = "error"; LogAPI.WriteLog(ex.Message); } } //获取服务状态 void GetServiceStatus(string serviceName, Label txtStatus) { try { if (ServiceAPI.isServiceIsExisted(serviceName)) { string statusStr = ""; int status = ServiceAPI.GetServiceStatus(serviceName); switch (status) { case 1: statusStr = "服务未执行!
"; break; case 2: statusStr = "服务正在启动!"; break; case 3: statusStr = "服务正在停止!
"; break; case 4: statusStr = "服务正在执行。"; break; case 5: statusStr = "服务即将继续。"; break; case 6: statusStr = "服务即将暂停!"; break; case 7: statusStr = "服务已暂停!
"; break; default: statusStr = "未知状态!"; break; } txtStatus.Text = statusStr; } else { txtStatus.Text = "服务【" + serviceName + "】未安装!"; } } catch (Exception ex) { txtStatus.Text = "error"; LogAPI.WriteLog(ex.Message); } } //启动服务 void OnService(string serviceName, Button btn, Label txt) { try { if (btn.Text == "启动服务") { ServiceAPI.RunService(serviceName); int status = ServiceAPI.GetServiceStatus(serviceName); if (status == 2 || status == 4 || status == 5) { txt.Text = "服务【" + serviceName + "】启动成功!"; btn.Text = "停止服务"; } else { txt.Text = "服务【" + serviceName + "】启动失败!"; } } else { ServiceAPI.StopService(serviceName); int status = ServiceAPI.GetServiceStatus(serviceName); if (status == 1 || status == 3 || status == 6 || status == 7) { txt.Text = "服务【" + serviceName + "】停止成功!"; btn.Text = "启动服务"; } else { txt.Text = "服务【" + serviceName + "】停止失败。"; } } } catch (Exception ex) { txt.Text = "error"; LogAPI.WriteLog(ex.Message); } } //安装or卸载服务 private void btnInstallOrUninstall_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { btnInstallOrUninstall.Enabled = false; SetServerce(strServiceName, btnInstallOrUninstall, btnStartOrEnd, btnGetStatus, lblMsg, gbMain); btnInstallOrUninstall.Enabled = true; btnInstallOrUninstall.Focus(); } //启动or停止服务 private void btnStartOrEnd_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { btnStartOrEnd.Enabled = false; OnService(strServiceName, btnStartOrEnd, lblMsg); btnStartOrEnd.Enabled = true; btnStartOrEnd.Focus(); } //获取服务状态 private void btnGetStatus_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { btnGetStatus.Enabled = false; GetServiceStatus(strServiceName, lblMsg); btnGetStatus.Enabled = true; btnGetStatus.Focus(); } private void FrmServiceSetup_Resize(object sender, EventArgs e) { if (this.WindowState == FormWindowState.Minimized) //最小化到系统托盘 { notifyIcon1.Visible = true; //显示托盘图标 this.ShowInTaskbar = false; this.Hide(); //隐藏窗口 } } private void FrmServiceSetup_FormClosing(object sender, FormClosingEventArgs e) { DialogResult result = MessageBox.Show("是缩小到托盘?", "确认", MessageBoxButtons.YesNoCancel, MessageBoxIcon.Information); if (result== DialogResult.Yes) { // 取消关闭窗口 e.Cancel = true; // 将窗口变为最小化 this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Minimized; } else if (result == DialogResult.No) { System.Environment.Exit(0); } else { e.Cancel = true; } } private void notifyIcon1_MouseClick(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { if (e.Button == MouseButtons.Left&&this.WindowState == FormWindowState.Minimized) { this.Show(); this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal; this.ShowInTaskbar = true; //显示在系统任务栏 //notifyIcon1.Visible = false; //托盘图标不可见 this.Activate(); } } private void 打开主界面ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { this.Show(); this.WindowState = FormWindowState.Normal; this.ShowInTaskbar = true; //显示在系统任务栏 notifyIcon1.Visible = false; //托盘图标不可见 this.Activate(); } private void 退出ToolStripMenuItem_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { System.Environment.Exit(0); ExitProcess(); } //结束进程 private void ExitProcess() { System.Environment.Exit(0); Process[] ps = Process.GetProcesses(); foreach (Process item in ps) { if (item.ProcessName == "ServiceSetup") { item.Kill(); } } } } }
新建一个类,专门用于日志操作LogAPI.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace ServiceSetup
{
public class LogAPI
{
private static string myPath = "";
private static string myName = "";
/// <summary>
/// 初始化日志文件
/// </summary>
/// <param name="logPath"></param>
/// <param name="logName"></param>
public static void InitLogAPI(string logPath, string logName)
{
myPath = logPath;
myName = logName;
}
/// <summary>
/// 写入日志
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ex">日志信息</param>
public static void WriteLog(string ex)
{
if (myPath == "" || myName == "")
return;
string Year = DateTime.Now.Year.ToString();
string Month = DateTime.Now.Month.ToString().PadLeft(2, '0');
string Day = DateTime.Now.Day.ToString().PadLeft(2, '0');
//年月日文件夹是否存在,不存在则建立
if (!Directory.Exists(myPath + "\\LogFiles\\" + Year + "_" + Month + "\\" + Year + "_" + Month + "_" + Day))
{
Directory.CreateDirectory(myPath + "\\LogFiles\\" + Year + "_" + Month + "\\" + Year + "_" + Month + "_" + Day);
}
//写入日志UNDO,Exception has not been handle
string LogFile = myPath + "\\LogFiles\\" + Year + "_" + Month + "\\" + Year + "_" + Month + "_" + Day + "\\" + myName;
if (!File.Exists(LogFile))
{
System.IO.StreamWriter myFile;
myFile = System.IO.File.AppendText(LogFile);
myFile.Close();
}
while (true)
{
try
{
StreamWriter sr = File.AppendText(LogFile);
sr.WriteLine(DateTime.Now.ToString("HH:mm:ss") + " " + ex);
sr.Close();
break;
}
catch (Exception e)
{
System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(50);
continue;
}
}
}
}
}
Windows
服务的操作类
ServiceAPI.cs
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Configuration.Install;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.ServiceProcess;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Win32;
namespace ServiceSetup
{
public class ServiceAPI
{
/// <summary>
/// 检查服务存在的存在性
/// </summary>
/// <param name=" NameService ">服务名</param>
/// <returns>存在返回 true,否则返回 false;</returns>
public static bool isServiceIsExisted(string NameService)
{
ServiceController[] services = ServiceController.GetServices();
foreach (ServiceController s in services)
{
if (s.ServiceName.ToLower() == NameService.ToLower())
{
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
/// <summary>
/// 安装Windows服务
/// </summary>
/// <param name="stateSaver">集合</param>
/// <param name="filepath">程序文件路径</param>
public static void InstallmyService(IDictionary stateSaver, string filepath)
{
AssemblyInstaller AssemblyInstaller1 = new AssemblyInstaller();
AssemblyInstaller1.UseNewContext = true;
AssemblyInstaller1.Path = filepath;
AssemblyInstaller1.Install(stateSaver);
AssemblyInstaller1.Commit(stateSaver);
AssemblyInstaller1.Dispose();
}
/// <summary>
/// 卸载Windows服务
/// </summary>
/// <param name="filepath">程序文件路径</param>
public static void UnInstallmyService(string filepath)
{
AssemblyInstaller AssemblyInstaller1 = new AssemblyInstaller();
AssemblyInstaller1.UseNewContext = true;
AssemblyInstaller1.Path = filepath;
AssemblyInstaller1.Uninstall(null);
AssemblyInstaller1.Dispose();
}
/// <summary>
/// 启动服务
/// </summary>
/// <param name=" NameService ">服务名</param>
/// <returns>存在返回 true,否则返回 false;</returns>
public static bool RunService(string NameService)
{
bool bo = true;
try
{
ServiceController sc = new ServiceController(NameService);
if (sc.Status.Equals(ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped) || sc.Status.Equals(ServiceControllerStatus.StopPending))
{
sc.Start();
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
bo = false;
LogAPI.WriteLog(ex.Message);
}
return bo;
}
/// <summary>
/// 停止服务
/// </summary>
/// <param name=" NameService ">服务名</param>
/// <returns>存在返回 true,否则返回 false;</returns>
public static bool StopService(string NameService)
{
bool bo = true;
try
{
ServiceController sc = new ServiceController(NameService);
if (!sc.Status.Equals(ServiceControllerStatus.Stopped))
{
sc.Stop();
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
bo = false;
LogAPI.WriteLog(ex.Message);
}
return bo;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取服务状态
/// </summary>
/// <param name=" NameService ">服务名</param>
/// <returns>返回服务状态</returns>
public static int GetServiceStatus(string NameService)
{
int ret = 0;
try
{
ServiceController sc = new ServiceController(NameService);
ret = Convert.ToInt16(sc.Status);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ret = 0;
LogAPI.WriteLog(ex.Message);
}
return ret;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取服务安装路径
/// </summary>
/// <param name="ServiceName"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string GetWindowsServiceInstallPath(string ServiceName)
{
string path = "";
try
{
string key = @"SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\" + ServiceName;
path = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(key).GetValue("ImagePath").ToString();
path = path.Replace("\"", string.Empty);//替换掉双引號
FileInfo fi = new FileInfo(path);
path = fi.Directory.ToString();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
path = "";
LogAPI.WriteLog(ex.Message);
}
return path;
}
/// <summary>
/// 获取指定服务的版本
/// </summary>
/// <param name="serviceName">服务名称</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string GetServiceVersion(string serviceName)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(serviceName))
{
return string.Empty;
}
try
{
string path = GetWindowsServiceInstallPath(serviceName) + "\\" + serviceName + ".exe";
Assembly assembly = Assembly.LoadFile(path);
AssemblyName assemblyName = assembly.GetName();
Version version = assemblyName.Version;
return version.ToString();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
LogAPI.WriteLog(ex.Message);
return string.Empty;
}
}
}
}
注意:记住服务程序dll复制到可视化的安装程序bin下面的文件夹。
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