Pythhon（4）

字符串
name.capitalize()  首字母大写
name.casefold()   大写全部变小写
name.center(50,"-")  输出 '---------------------Alex Li----------------------'
name.count('lex') 统计 lex出现次数
name.encode()  将字符串编码成bytes格式
name.endswith("Li")  判断字符串是否以 Li结尾
 "Alex\tLi".expandtabs(10) 输出'Alex      Li'， 将\t转换成多长的空格 
 name.find('A')  查找A,找到返回其索引， 找不到返回-1 

format :
    >>> msg = "my name is {}, and age is {}"
    >>> msg.format("alex",22)
    'my name is alex, and age is 22'
    >>> msg = "my name is {1}, and age is {0}"
    >>> msg.format("alex",22)
    'my name is 22, and age is alex'
    >>> msg = "my name is {name}, and age is {age}"
    >>> msg.format(age=22,name="ale")
    'my name is ale, and age is 22'
format_map
    >>> msg.format_map({'name':'alex','age':22})
    'my name is alex, and age is 22'


msg.index('a')  返回a所在字符串的索引
'9aA'.isalnum()   True

'9'.isdigit() 是否整数
name.isnumeric  
name.isprintable
name.isspace
name.istitle
name.isupper
 "|".join(['alex','jack','rain'])
'alex|jack|rain'


maketrans
    >>> intab = "aeiou"  #This is the string having actual characters. 
    >>> outtab = "12345" #This is the string having corresponding mapping character
    >>> trantab = str.maketrans(intab, outtab)
    >>> 
    >>> str = "this is string example....wow!!!"
    >>> str.translate(trantab)
    'th3s 3s str3ng 2x1mpl2....w4w!!!'

 msg.partition('is')   输出 ('my name ', 'is', ' {name}, and age is {age}') 

 >>> "alex li, chinese name is lijie".replace("li","LI",1)
     'alex LI, chinese name is lijie'

 msg.swapcase 大小写互换


 >>> msg.zfill(40)
'00000my name is {name}, and age is {age}'



>>> n4.ljust(40,"-")
'Hello 2orld-----------------------------'
>>> n4.rjust(40,"-")
'-----------------------------Hello 2orld'


>>> b="ddefdsdff_哈哈" 
>>> b.isidentifier() #检测一段字符串可否被当作标志符，即是否符合变量命名规则
True

字典 键值对 key-value的数据类型

info ={
's001':"adb",
's002':"adb",
's003':"adb",
's004':"adb",

}

字典的特性：

dict是无序的key

必须是唯一的,不能重复

增加

info['s005'] = "bbg"

修改

info["s001"] = "ccd"
 info

删除

info.pop("s001") #删除
del info ["s002"]  #删除
info.popitem() #随机删除

查找

“s001” in info #标准
info.get("s002")#获取
info["s003"]#如果没有就会报错，get不会

多级字典嵌套及操作

catalog = {
    "欧洲":{
     
        "www.baidu.com": ["很多免费的,也很大","还行"]
    },
    "亚洲":{
        "www.seafir.com":["质量怎样不清楚","收费的"]
    },
    "非洲":{
        "www.ssss.com":["全部免费","服务器在国外,慢"]
    }
}

av_catalog["非洲"]["www.ssss.com"][1] += ",可以用爬虫爬下来"
print(av_catalog["非洲"]["www.ssss.com"])
#ouput 
['全部免费', '服务器在国外,慢,可以用爬虫爬下来']

操作

info.value() #值
info.keys()  #键
info.update() #更新合并
info.items() #遍历键值

#方法1
for key in info:
    print(key,info[key])

#方法2
for k,v in info.items(): #会先把dict转成list,数据里大时莫用
    print(k,v)

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/zhonglong/p/9970595.html