djangoORM语句

1.这段语句配置写在settings里可以把数据库语句显示在前端

LOGGING = {
    'version': 1,
    'disable_existing_loggers': False,
    'handlers': {
        'console':{
            'level':'DEBUG',
            'class':'logging.StreamHandler',
        },
    },
    'loggers': {
        'django.db.backends': {
            'handlers': ['console'],
            'propagate': True,
            'level':'DEBUG',
        },
    }
}

　2.数据库外键处理

反向查询:related_name='表名'
表关系:
db_constraint=False:断开表关系
on_delete=models.CASCADE 级联关系,可以做级联删除
on_delete=models.SET_NULL,null=True设置为空
on_delete=models.SET_DEFAULT,default=0 设置成默认值为0
on_delete=models.DO_NOTHING不处理该字段
注:多对多关系不需要明确on-delete
           

3.表查询练习

from django.db import models
# 书本表
class Book(models.Model):
    title=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    price=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    publish_date=models.DateField(auto_now_add=True)
    publish=models.ForeignKey(to="Publish")
    authors=models.ManyToManyField(to='Author')

    def __str__(self):
          return self.title  # 必须返回一个字符串类型 否则直接报错

#出版社表
class Publish(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    addr=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    email=models.EmailField()
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

#作者表
class Author(models.Model):
    name=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    age=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    author_dateil=models.OneToOneField(to='AuthorDetail')
    def __str__(self):
        return self.name

# 作者信息表
class AuthorDetail(models.Model):
    phone=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    addr=models.CharField(max_length=32)
    def __str__(self):
        return self.phone

　　

import os

if __name__ == "__main__":
    os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "books.settings")
    import django

    django.setup()
    from app import models

    print(models.Publish.objects.all())
    publish_obj = models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=2).first()
    models.Book.objects.create(title='无敌天下', price=589, publish=publish_obj)
    models.Publish.objects.create(name='天堂出版社', addr='天京', email='11528654@qq.com')

    obj = models.Publish.objects.filter(id=5).first()
    print(obj.name)
    # 传数字
    obj = models.Publish.objects.filter(pk=5).first()
    # 传对象
    models.Book.objects.filter(pk=2).update(publish=obj)

    book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(pk=5).first()
    # # book_obj.authors.add(1)
    # author_onj=models.Author.objects.get(pk=2)
    # 传对象
    # book_obj.authors.add(author_onj)
    author_list = models.Author.objects.all()
    # 传列表
    book_obj.authors.add(*author_list)
    # 删除中间关系表
    book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(pk=5).first()
    book_obj.authors.remove(2)
    # 跨表查询都可以根据对象进行查询,删除,修改

    book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(pk=4).first()
    author_obj = models.Author.objects.all()
    book_obj.authors.add(*author_obj)
    book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(pk=6).first()
    book_obj.authors.set([2, ])

    # 查询天堂出版社出版的书
    publish_obj = models.Publish.objects.filter(name='天堂出版社').first()
    print(publish_obj.book_set.all())

    # 查询jason出版的书
    author_obj = models.Author.objects.filter(name='jason').first()
    print(author_obj.book_set.all())
    # 查地址
    print(author_obj.author_dateil.phone)
    # 查询地址
    print(author_obj.author_dateil.addr)

#      查询手机号是110的作者姓名
# 反向查询表名小写
author_obj = models.AuthorDetail.objects.filter(phone='110').first()
print(author_obj.author.name)

# 查询书本出版社
book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(title='静瓶梅').values('publish__name')
print(book_obj)
# 查询书本的作者
book_obj = models.Book.objects.filter(title='银瓶梅').values('authors__name', 'title')
print(book_obj)
# 查询作者的手机号

res = models.Author.objects.filter(name='jason').values('author_dateil__phone')
print(res)

# 查询书本作者的手机号
res = models.Book.objects.filter(title='遮天').values('title', 'authors__name', 'authors__author_dateil__phone')
print(res)

# 查询出版社的所有图书的名字和价格
res = models.Publish.objects.filter(name='天堂出版社').values('book__title', 'book__price')
print(res)
res1 = models.Book.objects.filter(publish__name='北方出版社').values('title', 'price')
print(res1)
# 查询所有的书本的作者
resf = models.Author.objects.values('book__title', 'name')
print(resf)

　　

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/xzcvblogs/p/11278495.html