Matlab多种图像边缘检测方法
1、用Prewitt算子检测图像的边缘
I = imread('bacteria.BMP');
BW1 = edge(I,'prewitt',0.04); % 0.04为梯度阈值
figure(1);
imshow(I);
figure(2);
imshow(BW1);
2、用不同σ值的LoG算子检测图像的边缘
I = imread('bacteria.BMP');
BW1 = edge(I,'log',0.003); % σ=2
imshow(BW1);title('σ=2')
BW1 = edge(I,'log',0.003,3); % σ=3
figure, imshow(BW1);title('σ=3')
3、用Canny算子检测图像的边缘
I = imread('bacteria.BMP');
imshow(I);
BW1 = edge(I,'canny',0.2);
figure,imshow(BW1);
4、图像的阈值分割
I=imread('blood1.tif');
imhist(I); % 观察灰度直方图, 灰度140处有谷,确定阈值T=140
I1=im2bw(I,140/255); % im2bw函数需要将灰度值转换到[0,1]范围内 figure,imshow(I1);
5、用水线阈值法分割图像
afm = imread('afmsurf.tif');figure, imshow(afm);
se = strel('disk', 15);
Itop = imtophat(afm, se); % 高帽变换
Ibot = imbothat(afm, se); % 低帽变换
figure, imshow(Itop, []); % 高帽变换,体现原始图像的灰度峰值
figure, imshow(Ibot, []); % 低帽变换,体现原始图像的灰度谷值
Ienhance = imsubtract(imadd(Itop, afm), Ibot);% 高帽图像与低帽图像相减,增强图像 figure, imshow(Ienhance);
Iec = imcomplement(Ienhance); % 进一步增强图像
Iemin = imextendedmin(Iec, 20); figure,imshow(Iemin) % 搜索Iec中的谷值 Iimpose = imimposemin(Iec, Iemin);
wat = watershed(Iimpose); % 分水岭分割
rgb = label2rgb(wat); figure, imshow(rgb); % 用不同的颜色表示分割出的不同区域
6、对矩阵进行四叉树分解
I = [ 1 1 1 1 2 3 6 6
1 1 2 1 4 5 6 8
1 1 1 1 10 15 7 7