列表推导式和生成器表达式

列表推导式

固定语法 [i for i in a if ***]

示例：获取偶数

a = [1,2,3,4]
x = []
for i in a:
    if i%2 == 0:
        x.append(i)
a = x
print(a)
#[2,4]

使用列表推导式：

a = [1,2,3,4]
a = [i for i in a if i%2 == 0]
print(a)
#[2,4]

列表推导式可以调用函数：

a = [1,2,3,4]
b = [i*i for i in a]
print(b)
# [1, 4, 9, 16]

如果调用函数：
a = [1,2,3,4]
def pingfang(x):
    return x*x
b = [pingfang(i) for i in a]
print(b)
# [1, 4, 9, 16]

生成器表达式

语法：把列表推导式的[]换成()

a = [1,2,3,4]
a = ['%s个鸡蛋'%i for i in a]          #列表推导式
print(a)
# ['1个鸡蛋', '2个鸡蛋', '3个鸡蛋', '4个鸡蛋']

转换如下：

a = [1,2,3,4]
a = ('老母鸡下%s个蛋'%i for i in a)       #生成器表达式      a是一个生成器
g = a
print(next(g))
print(next(g))
print(next(g))
print(next(g))
#老母鸡下1个蛋
# 老母鸡下2个蛋
# 老母鸡下3个蛋
# 老母鸡下4个蛋

字典推导式

和列表推导式类似

示例：把字典的key与value对换

dic = {'a':1,'b':2}
dic = {dic[k]:k for k in dic}
print(dic)
# {1: 'a', 2: 'b'}

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/jin-yuana/p/10024956.html