CF1174F Ehab and the Big Finale(交互+剖分)

做法

\(x\)为隐藏节点，\(dep_x=d(1,x)\)
\((1)\)：\(u=1\)

\((2)\)：重链剖分，比如\(v\)为\(u\)的重链底部，查询\(dis(x,v)\)的长度，\(y=lca(v,x)\)且在重链上，\(dis(x,v)=dep_v+dep_x-2*dep_y,dep_y=(dep_v+dep_x-dis(x,v))/2\)，则我们可以找到\(y\)

\((3)\)：但\(dep_y=dep_x\)时，\(y\)为答案，退出

\((4)\)：找到\(y\)后，查询\(sec=(y,x)\)上的第二个节点，\(u=sec\)返回\((2)\)

code

#include<bits/stdc++.h>
typedef int LL;
const LL maxn=1e6+9;
inline LL Read(){
    LL x(0),f(1); char c=getchar();
    while(c<'0' || c>'9'){
        if(c=='-') f=-1; c=getchar();
    }
    while(c>='0' && c<='9'){
        x=(x<<3)+(x<<1)+c-'0'; c=getchar();
    }return x*f;
}
struct node{
    LL to,nxt;
}dis[maxn];
LL n,num;
LL head[maxn],size[maxn],tail[maxn],dep[maxn],fa[maxn],son[maxn];
inline void Add(LL u,LL v){
    dis[++num]=(node){v,head[u]}; head[u]=num;
}
void Dfs1(LL u){
    size[u]=1;
    for(LL i=head[u];i;i=dis[i].nxt){
        LL v(dis[i].to);
        if(v==fa[u]) continue;
        fa[v]=u; dep[v]=dep[u]+1;
        Dfs1(v); size[u]+=size[v];
        if(size[son[u]]<size[v]) son[u]=v;
    }
}
void Dfs2(LL u,LL f){
    if(son[u]) Dfs2(son[u],f);
    for(LL i=head[u];i;i=dis[i].nxt){
        LL v(dis[i].to);
        if(v==fa[u] || v==son[u]) continue;
        Dfs2(v,v);
    }
    if(!tail[f]) tail[f]=u;
}
LL Query(LL u,LL len){
    if(!len) return u;
    return Query(fa[u],len-1);
}
inline LL Query1(LL x){
    printf("d %d\n",x);
    fflush(stdout);
    LL ret; ret=Read();
    return ret;
}
inline LL Query2(LL x){
    printf("s %d\n",x);
    fflush(stdout);
    LL ret; ret=Read();
    return ret;
}
int main(){
    n=Read();
    for(LL i=1;i<n;++i){
        LL u(Read()),v(Read());
        Add(u,v); Add(v,u);
    }
    Dfs1(1); Dfs2(1,1);
    LL depx(Query1(1));
    LL u(1),v(tail[u]);
    while(true){
        LL dis_vx(Query1(v));
        LL sum(dep[v]+depx-dis_vx);
        LL depy(sum>>1);
        LL len(dep[v]-depy);
        LL y(Query(v,len));
        if(depx==depy){
            printf("! %d\n",y);
            fflush(stdout);
            return 0;
        }
        u=Query2(y); v=tail[u];
    }
}

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/y2823774827y/p/10973571.html