1. 学习目的
学习Nhibernate基础知识。掌握Nhibernate的配置方法,实现对单表的简单操作,如:创建表,查询,添加,删除,修改。
2. 开发环境+前期准备
开发环境: windows 2003,Visual studio .Net 2005,Sql server 2005 developer edition
前期准备: Nhibernate框架,我用的目前最新版NHibernate-1.2.0.CR1, 下载地址: http://downloads.sourceforge.net/nhibernate/NHibernate-1.2.0.CR1.msi?modtime=1172161735&big_mirror=0
3. 开发步骤:
1).双击下载下来的NHibernate-1.2.0.CR1.msi,将其安装到某个目录,我的目录为: E:\download project\orm\nhibernate.,打开该目录,即可以看到bin,doc,src三个子目录,分别为Realse好的dll或者exe目录,文档说明目录,和源程序目录.
2).打开visual studio 2005,创建类库项目NhibernateSample1
3).在解决方案管理其中,右键点击引用-添加引用,在选项卡种选择浏览,设定查找范围为:E:\download project\orm\nhibernate\bin,添加对Nhibernate.dll,log4net.dll, Iesi.Collections, HashCodeProvider四个dll的引用.
4).打开SQL Server Management Studio,创建数据库nhibernate。
5).在解决方案管理器中添加hibernate.cfg.xml文件。将下面代码粘贴到此文件:
< hibernate-configuration xmlns ="urn:nhibernate-configuration-2.2" >
< session-factory name ="NHibernate.Test" >
<!-- properties -->
< property name ="connection.provider" > NHibernate.Connection.DriverConnectionProvider </ property >
< property name ="connection.driver_class" > NHibernate.Driver.SqlClientDriver </ property >
< property name ="connection.connection_string" > Server=127.0.0.1;initial catalog=nhibernate;uid=sa;pwd=123; </ property >
< property name ="show_sql" > false </ property >
< property name ="dialect" > NHibernate.Dialect.MsSql2005Dialect </ property >
< property name ="use_outer_join" > true </ property >
<!-- mapping files -->
< mapping assembly ="NhibernateSample1" />
</ session-factory >
</ hibernate-configuration >
该文件是Nhibernate的配置文件,其中connection.connection_string为数据库连接字符串,Dialect项因为我用的是SQL2005,所以为:MsSql2005Dialect注意:<mapping assembly=”NhibernateSample1”/>表示映射NhibernateSample1程序集下的所有类,所以以后不要需要Configuration.AddClass(..)了;
6).添加类文件:User.cs,添加代码:
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
namespace NhibernateSample1
{
public class User
{
private int _id;
private string _name;
private string _pwd;
/**//// <summary>
/// 编号
/// </summary>
public virtual int Id
{
get
{
return _id;
}
set
{
_id = value;
}
}
/**//// <summary>
/// 名称
/// </summary>
public virtual string Name
{
get
{
return _name;
}
set
{
_name = value;
}
}
/**//// <summary>
/// 密码
/// </summary>
public virtual string Pwd
{
get
{
return _pwd;
}
set
{
_pwd = value;
}
}
}
}
6).编写User类的映射配置文件:User.hbm.xml
< hibernate-mapping xmlns ="urn:nhibernate-mapping-2.2" >
< class name ="NhibernateSample1.User,NhibernateSample1" table ="Users" lazy ="false" >
< id name ="Id" column ="Id" unsaved-value ="0" >
< generator class ="native" />
</ id >
< property name ="Name" column ="Name" type ="string" length ="64" not-null ="true" unique ="true" ></ property >
< property name ="Pwd" column ="Pwd" type ="string" length ="64" not-null ="true" ></ property >
</ class >
</ hibernate-mapping >
注意:该映射文件的属性中的生成操作必须为:嵌入的资源.
7).编写管理ISession对象的辅助类: NHibernateHelper.cs,代码为:
using System.Web;
using NHibernate;
using NHibernate.Cfg;
namespace NhibernateSample1
{
public sealed class NHibernateHelper
{
private static readonly ISessionFactory sessionFactory;
static NHibernateHelper()
{
sessionFactory = new Configuration().Configure(@"E:\my project\nhibernate study\simle 1\NHibernateStudy1\NhibernateSample1\hibernate.cfg.xml").BuildSessionFactory();
}
public static ISession GetCurrentSession()
{
ISession currentSession = sessionFactory.OpenSession();
return currentSession;
}
public static void CloseSessionFactory()
{
if (sessionFactory != null)
{
sessionFactory.Close();
}
}
}
}
8) 编写测试CRUD类:UserFixue
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Text;
using NHibernate;
using NHibernate.Cfg;
using NHibernate.Tool.hbm2ddl;
namespace NhibernateSample1
{
public class UserFixure
{
private ISession session;
public UserFixure()
{
}
/**//// <summary>
/// 创建表
/// </summary>
public bool ExportTable()
{
try
{
Configuration cfg = new Configuration().Configure(@"E:\my project\nhibernate study\simle 1\NHibernateStudy1\NhibernateSample1\hibernate.cfg.xml");
session = NHibernateHelper.GetCurrentSession();
ITransaction transaction = session.BeginTransaction();
new SchemaExport(cfg).Create(true, true);
transaction.Commit();
return true;
}
catch(Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
finally
{
session.Close();
}
}
/**//// <summary>
/// 添加
/// </summary>
public int Add()
{
try
{
User u = new User();
u.Name = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
u.Pwd = "124";
session = NHibernateHelper.GetCurrentSession();
ITransaction transaction = session.BeginTransaction();
session.Save(u);
transaction.Commit();
return u.Id;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
finally
{
session.Close();
}
}
/**//// <summary>
/// 更新
/// </summary>
/// <param name="uid"></param>
public bool Update(int uid)
{
try
{
session = NHibernateHelper.GetCurrentSession();
ITransaction transaction = session.BeginTransaction();
User u = session.Load(typeof(User), uid) as User;
if (u != null)
{
u.Name = "updatedName";
session.SaveOrUpdate(u);
transaction.Commit();
u = session.Load(typeof(User), uid) as User;
if (u.Name == "updatedName")
{
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
finally
{
session.Close();
}
}
/**//// <summary>
/// 删除
/// </summary>
/// <param name="uid"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public bool Delete(int uid)
{
try
{
session = NHibernateHelper.GetCurrentSession();
ITransaction transaction = session.BeginTransaction();
User u = session.Get(typeof(User), uid) as User;
if (u != null)
{
session.Delete(u);
transaction.Commit();
u = session.Get(typeof(User), uid) as User;
if (u == null)
{
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
finally
{
session.Close();
}
}
public System.Collections.IList Query()
{
try
{
session = NHibernateHelper.GetCurrentSession();
ITransaction transaction = session.BeginTransaction();
System.Collections.IList list= session.CreateQuery("select u from User as u").List();
transaction.Commit();
return list;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw ex;
}
finally
{
session.Close();
}
}
}
}
9) 创建新单元测试项目 : TestProject1, 添加 NhibernateSample1 的引用
10 )创建单元测试类 : UnitTest1.cs, 并输入如下代码 :
using System.Text;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using Microsoft.VisualStudio.TestTools.UnitTesting;
using NhibernateSample1;
namespace TestProject1
{
/**//// <summary>
/// UnitTest1 的摘要说明
/// </summary>
[TestClass]
public class UnitTest1
{
public UnitTest1()
{
//
// TODO: 在此处添加构造函数逻辑
//
}
其他测试属性#region 其他测试属性
//
// 您可以在编写测试时使用下列其他属性:
//
// 在运行类中的第一个测试之前使用 ClassInitialize 运行代码
// [ClassInitialize()]
// public static void MyClassInitialize(TestContext testContext) { }
//
// 在类中的所有测试都已运行之后使用 ClassCleanup 运行代码
// [ClassCleanup()]
// public static void MyClassCleanup() { }
//
// 在运行每个测试之前使用 TestInitialize 运行代码
// [TestInitialize()]
// public void MyTestInitialize() { }
//
// 在运行每个测试之后使用 TestCleanup 运行代码
// [TestCleanup()]
// public void MyTestCleanup() { }
//
#endregion
int uid;
[TestMethod]
public void TestMethod1()
{
UserFixure userFixure = new UserFixure();
Assert.IsTrue(userFixure.ExportTable());
}
[TestMethod]
public void TestMethod2()
{
UserFixure userFixure = new UserFixure();
uid = userFixure.Add();
Assert.IsTrue(uid>0);
}
[TestMethod]
public void TestMethod3()
{
UserFixure userFixure = new UserFixure();
Assert.IsTrue(userFixure.Update(uid));
}
[TestMethod]
public void TestMethod4()
{
UserFixure userFixure = new UserFixure();
Assert.IsTrue(userFixure.Delete(uid));
}
[TestMethod]
public void TestMethod5()
{
UserFixure userFixure = new UserFixure();
Assert.IsTrue(userFixure.Query().Count>0);
}
}
}
11 )在菜单 - 测试 - 加载元数据文件 选择 NHibernateStudy1.vsmdi ,然后按顺序执行 TestMethod1-TestMethod5, 全部成功 !
4. 总结
通过使用 Nhibernate ,基本上可以使开发人员不在接触繁琐的数据库表和数据库操作代码,您唯一需要关心的就是如何设计好类,让这些类满足您的业务需求。从扩展性来说 Nhinernate 具有非常好的扩展性。与代码生成比较, Nhibernate 更改数据表结构对代码的影响要远远小于代码生成。
如果您想下载Demo:/Files/jillzhang/simle.rar