bzoj4542[HNOI2016]大数（莫队）

题目链接

BZOJ

洛谷

解析

莫队

设\(num_i\)表示\(s[1…n]\)所表示的数

那么\(s[l…r]\)表示的数为\(\frac{num_l - num_{r + 1}}{10^{n - r}}\)

所以题目即求满足\(\frac{num_l - num_{r + 1}}{10^{n - r}} \equiv 0 \ (mod \ p)\)的\((l, r)\)对数

1. 当\(p \neq 2, p \ne 5\)时，\(p\)和\(10\)互质，上式可化为\(num_l \equiv num_{r + 1} \ (mod \ p)\)，问题变成了统计区间相同数个数，上莫队就行了（当然要离散化余数）
2. 当\(p = 2\)或\(p = 5\)时，末位数字有规律，可以继续莫队，或者前缀和搞一搞

一个注意的地方：离散化的时候把\(n+1\)位置一起离散……

代码

#include <cstdio>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#define MAXN 100010

typedef long long LL;
struct Query {
    int l, r, id, blk;
    bool operator <(const Query &q) const;
};

void prework();
void work1();
void work2();
void work3();

int N, M, P, perblock, num[MAXN], vec[MAXN];
LL pow10[MAXN], f[MAXN], g[MAXN];
char s[MAXN];
Query qry[MAXN];

int main() {
    scanf("%d%s%d", &P, s + 1, &M);
    N = strlen(s + 1);
    if (P == 2) work1();
    else if (P == 5) work2();
    else work3();

    return 0;
}
bool Query::operator <(const Query &q) const { return blk == q.blk ? r < q.r : blk < q.blk; }
void work1() {
    for (int i = 1; i <= N; ++i) {
        f[i] = f[i - 1], g[i] = g[i - 1];
        if (((s[i] - '0') & 1) ^ 1) f[i] = f[i] + i, ++g[i];
    }
    while (M--) {
        int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r);
        printf("%lld\n", f[r] - f[l - 1] - (l - 1) * (g[r] - g[l - 1]));
    }
}
void work2() {
    for (int i = 1; i <= N; ++i) {
        f[i] = f[i - 1], g[i] = g[i - 1];
        if (s[i] == '0' || s[i] == '5') f[i] = f[i] + i, ++g[i];
    }
    while (M--) {
        int l, r; scanf("%d%d", &l, &r);
        printf("%lld\n", f[r] - f[l - 1] - (l - 1) * (g[r] - g[l - 1]));
    }   
}
void prework() {
    while (perblock * perblock <= N) ++perblock;
    pow10[0] = 1;
    for (int i = 1; i <= N; ++i) pow10[i] = pow10[i - 1] * 10 % P;
    for (int i = N; i; --i) num[i] = ((LL)num[i + 1] + (s[i] - '0') * pow10[N - i] % P) % P;
    for (int i = 1; i <= N; ++i) vec[i - 1] = num[i];
    std::sort(vec, vec + N + 1);//注意要把N+1位置的0一起离散化
    int tot = std::unique(vec, vec + N + 1) - vec;
    for (int i = 1; i <= N + 1; ++i)
        num[i] = std::lower_bound(vec, vec + tot, num[i]) - vec;
    for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) {
        scanf("%d%d", &qry[i].l, &qry[i].r);
        qry[i].id = i;
        ++qry[i].r;
        qry[i].blk = (qry[i].l - 1) / perblock;
    }
    std::sort(qry, qry + M);
}
void work3() {
    prework();
    LL cur = 0;
    for (int i = 0, l = 1, r = 0; i < M; ++i) {
        while (r < qry[i].r) ++r, cur += g[num[r]], ++g[num[r]];
        while (l > qry[i].l) --l, cur += g[num[l]], ++g[num[l]];
        while (r > qry[i].r) --g[num[r]], cur -= g[num[r]], --r;
        while (l < qry[i].l) --g[num[l]], cur -= g[num[l]], ++l;
        f[qry[i].id] = cur;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) printf("%lld\n", f[i]);
}
//Rhein_E

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Rhein-E/p/10573626.html