WCF面向服务应用程序系列之七：契约版本管理—服务契约的继承

      在契约版本管理的前二章，我们主要介绍了数据契约对版本的影响，本章我们介绍一下服务契约的变化对版本的影响。服务契约的接口支持继承功能，我们可以定义一个契约层级，但是ServiceContract特性是不能继承的，因此，接口层级中的每组接口都必须显示的标记ServiceContract特性。

      下面我们通过一个DEMO来演示服务契约的继承：

      1、新建WCF Service Library程序，修改解决方案名称为ContractVersion，修改项目名称为InheritanceContract，删除自动添加的文件。

      2、新建接口IInheritanceServiceA，代码如下：

[ServiceContract(Name = " InheritanceServiceContract " , Namespace = " http://schemas.xinhaijulan.com/demos/InheritanceServiceContract " )]
interface IInheritanceServiceA
{
[OperationContract]
string Operation1();

[OperationContract]
string Operation2();
}

      3、新建接口IInheritanceServiceA2，并继承接口IInheritanceServiceA，代码如下：

[ServiceContract(Name = " InheritanceServiceContract " , Namespace = " http://schemas.xinhaijulan.com/demos/InheritanceServiceContract " )]
interface IInheritanceServiceA2 : IInheritanceServiceA
{
[OperationContract]
string Operation3();
}

      注意，每个接口都必须单独实现ServiceContract标记。

      4、新建InheritanceService类，继承并实现接口IInheritanceServiceA，代码如下：

class InheritanceService : IInheritanceServiceA
{
public string Operation1()
{
return " IInheritanceServiceA.Operation1() invoked. " ;
}

public string Operation2()
{
return " IInheritanceServiceA.Operation2() invoked. " ;
}
}

      5、修改App.config中的服务名称 、端点契约、服务地址，然后编译，代码如下：

代码

<? xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " utf-8 " ?>
< configuration >

< system.web >
< compilation debug = " true " />
</ system.web >
<!-- When deploying the service library project, the content of the config file must be added to the host ' s
app.config file. System.Configuration does not support config files for libraries. -->
< system.serviceModel >
< services >
< service name = " InheritanceContract.InheritanceService " >
< host >
< baseAddresses >
< add baseAddress = " http://localhost:8732/Design_Time_Addresses/InheritanceContract/InheritanceService/ " />
</ baseAddresses >
</ host >
<!-- Service Endpoints -->
<!-- Unless fully qualified, address is relative to base address supplied above -->
< endpoint address = "" binding = " wsHttpBinding " contract = " InheritanceContract.IInheritanceServiceA " >
<!--
Upon deployment, the following identity element should be removed or replaced to reflect the
identity under which the deployed service runs. If removed, WCF will infer an appropriate identity
automatically.
-->
< identity >
< dns value = " localhost " />
</ identity >
</ endpoint >
<!-- Metadata Endpoints -->
<!-- The Metadata Exchange endpoint is used by the service to describe itself to clients. -->
<!-- This endpoint does not use a secure binding and should be secured or removed before deployment -->
< endpoint address = " mex " binding = " mexHttpBinding " contract = " IMetadataExchange " />
</ service >
</ services >
< behaviors >
< serviceBehaviors >
< behavior >
<!-- To avoid disclosing metadata information,
set the value below to false and remove the metadata endpoint above before deployment -->
< serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled = " True " />
<!-- To receive exception details in faults for debugging purposes,
set the value below to true . Set to false before deployment
to avoid disclosing exception information -->
< serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults = " False " />
</ behavior >
</ serviceBehaviors >
</ behaviors >
</ system.serviceModel >

</ configuration >

      6、创建客户端控制台程序InheritanceClientA，添加Service Reference，修改名称空间为InheritanceContract，代码如下：

static void Main( string [] args)
{
using (InheritanceContract.InheritanceServiceContractClient client = new InheritanceContract.InheritanceServiceContractClient())
{
Console.WriteLine(client.Operation1());
Console.WriteLine(client.Operation2());
}

Console.ReadLine();
}

      7、设置InheritanceClientA为启动项目，运行项目，将在控制台看到如下输出：

IInheritanceServiceA.Operation1() invoked.
IInheritanceServiceA.Operation2() invoked.

      8、修改InheritanceService类，使之继承并实现IInheritanceServiceA2接口，【此时必须修改app.config文件中的端点的Contract的指向为新的接口：InheritanceContract.IInheritanceServiceA2】然后重新编译，代码如下：

<endpoint address ="" binding="wsHttpBinding" contract="InheritanceContract.IInheritanceServiceA2">

class InheritanceService : IInheritanceServiceA2
{
public string Operation1()
{
return " IInheritanceServiceA.Operation1() invoked. " ;
}

public string Operation2()
{
return " IInheritanceServiceA.Operation2() invoked. " ;
}

public string Operation3()
{
return " IInheritanceServiceA2.Operation3() invoked. " ;
}
}

      9、创建客户端控制台程序InheritanceClientA2，添加Service Reference，修改名称空间为InheritanceContract，代码如下：

static void Main( string [] args)
{
using (InheritanceContract.InheritanceServiceContractClient client = new InheritanceContract.InheritanceServiceContractClient())
{
Console.WriteLine(client.Operation1());
Console.WriteLine(client.Operation2());
Console.WriteLine(client.Operation3());
}

Console.ReadLine();
}

      10、设置InheritanceClientA2为启动项目，运行项目，将在控制台看到如下输出：

IInheritanceServiceA.Operation1() invoked.
IInheritanceServiceA.Operation2() invoked.
IInheritanceServiceA2.Operation3() invoked.

      11、此时再次设置 InheritanceClientA为启动项目，运行项目，将在控制台看到如下输出：

IInheritanceServiceA.Operation1() invoked.
IInheritanceServiceA.Operation2() invoked.

      从以上DEMO可以看出服务契约的继承不会对原来的客户端产生影响，然而这种不严格的版本管理是否应该采纳，还是应该根据具体的情况来进行权衡。

      至此，WCF契约版本管理—服务契约的继承介绍完毕。

      点击下载DEMO。

作者：心海巨澜
出处：http: //xinhaijulan.cnblogs.com
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转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/xinhaijulan/archive/2010/10/17/1853393.html