Hibernate入门案例
1.首先新建一个实体类Student进行封装,重写toString方法
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public class Student {
private Integer sid; //学号
private Integer age; //年龄
private String name; //姓名
public Integer getSid() {
return sid;
}
public void setSid(Integer sid) {
this.sid = sid;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "Student [sid=" + sid + ", age=" + age + ", name=" + name + "]";
}
}
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2.新建一个测试类进行单测,实例化Student,进行赋值,保存。
3.引入jar包
4.构建大配置<hibernate.cfg.xml>
步骤如下:
(1).连接数据库的语句
(2).sql方言
(3).可省的配置(show_sql、format_sql 取值为true)
(4).让程序生成底层数据表(hbm2ddl.auto) update/create。create是每次将数据表删除后,重新创建
(5).关联小配置
<mapping resource="cn/happy/entity/Student.hbm.xml" />
关键代码如下:
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <!-- Database connection settings 数据库连接设置--> <!-- 驱动类 --> <property name="connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver</property> <!-- url地址 --> <property name="connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl3</property> <property name="connection.username">wj</property> <property name="connection.password">9090</property> <!-- SQL dialect (SQL 方言) --> <property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect</property> <!--在控制台打印后台的SQL语句 --> <property name="show_sql">true</property> <!-- 格式化显示SQL --> <!-- <property name="format_sql">true</property> --> <!-- 自动生成student表 --> <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property> <!-- 关联小配置 --> <mapping resource="cn/happy/entity/Student.hbm.xml" /> <!-- <mapping class="cn.happy.entity.Grade"/> --> </session-factory> </hibernate-configuration>
5. 构建小配置(Student.hbm.xml)
<?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="cn.happy.entity"> <class name="Student" table="STUDENT"> <id name="sid" column="SID"> <!-- 主键生成策略:native: native:如果后台是Oracle 后台是MySQL,自动应用自增 assigned:程序员给主键赋值 uuid:32位的16进制数 sequence native --> <generator class="assigned"> <param name="sequence">SEQ_NUM</param> </generator> </id> <!-- <version name="version"></version> --> <property name="name" type="string" column="NAME"/> <property name="age"/> </class> </hibernate-mapping>
6. 工具类HibernateUtil、构建私有静态的Configuration、SessionFactory对象、定义返回session以及关闭session的方法
private static Configuration cf=new Configuration().configure(); private static SessionFactory sf=cf.buildSessionFactory(); //方法返回session public static Session getSession(){ return sf.openSession(); } //关闭Session public static void CloseSession(){ getSession().close(); }
7.测试类【增删改查】 使用标记After、Before可简化代码
package cn.happy.test; import org.hibernate.Session; import org.hibernate.SessionFactory; import org.hibernate.Transaction; import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration; import org.junit.After; import org.junit.Before; import org.junit.Test; import cn.happy.entity.Student; import cn.happy.util.HibernateUtil; public class Test1 { Session session; Transaction tx; @After public void afterTest(){ tx.commit(); HibernateUtil.CloseSession(); } @Before public void initData(){ session=HibernateUtil.getSession(); tx=session.beginTransaction(); } /* * get方法查询 */ @Test public void getData(){ Student stu=(Student)session.get(Student.class, 3); System.out.println(stu); } /* * 增加 */ @Test public void addData(){ Student stu=new Student(); stu.setSid(12); stu.setAge(11); stu.setName("李小龙1"); //读取大配置文件 获取连接信息 Configuration cfg=new Configuration().configure(); //创建SessionFactory SessionFactory fa=cfg.buildSessionFactory(); //加工Session Session se=fa.openSession(); Transaction tx = se.beginTransaction(); //保存 se.save(stu); //事务提交 tx.commit(); se.close(); System.out.println("Save ok!"); } /* * 删除 */ @Test public void delData(){ Session session=HibernateUtil.getSession(); Student stu=new Student(); stu.setSid(2); Transaction tx=session.beginTransaction(); session.delete(stu); tx.commit(); HibernateUtil.CloseSession(); System.out.println("del ok!"); } /* * 修改 */ @Test public void updateData(){ Session session=HibernateUtil.getSession(); Student stu=(Student)session.load(Student.class,3); stu.setName("呵呵"); Transaction tx=session.beginTransaction(); session.update(stu); tx.commit(); HibernateUtil.CloseSession(); System.out.println("update ok!"); } }