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四 Kafka API 实战
4.1 环境准备
1)在 eclipse 中创建一个 java 工程
2)在工程的根目录创建一个 lib 文件夹
3)解压 kafka 安装包,将安装包 libs 目录下的 jar 包拷贝到工程的 lib 目录下,并 build path。
4)启动 zk 和 kafka 集群,在 kafka 集群中打开一个消费者
[hadoop@node01 kafka]$ bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --zookeeper node01:2181 --topic first
注:如果使用 maven 创建工程添加如下依赖:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.kafka</groupId>
<artifactId>kafka-clients</artifactId>
<version>2.0.0</version>
</dependency>
4.2 Kafka 生产者 Java API
4.2.1 创建生产者(过时的 API)
package cn.bw.kafka;
import java.util.Properties;
import kafka.javaapi.producer.Producer;
import kafka.producer.KeyedMessage;
import kafka.producer.ProducerConfig;
public class OldProducer {
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public static void main(String[] args) {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.put("metadata.broker.list", "hadoop102:9092");
properties.put("request.required.acks", "1");
properties.put("serializer.class", "kafka.serializer.StringEncoder");
Producer<Integer, String> producer = new Producer<Integer,String>(new ProducerConfig(properties));
KeyedMessage<Integer, String> message = new KeyedMessage<Integer, String>("first", "hello world");
producer.send(message );
}
}
4.2.2 创建生产者(新 API)
package cn.bw.kafka; import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.Producer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
public class NewProducer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Properties props = new Properties();
// Kafka 服务端的主机名和端口号
props.put("bootstrap.servers", "hadoop103:9092");
// 等待所有副本节点的应答
props.put("acks", "all");
// 消息发送最大尝试次数
props.put("retries", 0);
// 一批消息处理大小
props.put("batch.size", 16384);
// 请求延时
props.put("linger.ms", 1);
// 发送缓存区内存大小
props.put("buffer.memory", 33554432);
// key 序列化
props.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
// value 序列化
props.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
Producer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);
for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>("first", Integer.toString(i), "hello world-" + i));
}producer.close();
}
}
4.2.3 创建生产者带回调函数(新 API)
package cn.bw.kafka; import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.Callback;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.RecordMetadata;
public class CallBackProducer {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Properties props = new Properties();
// Kafka 服务端的主机名和端口号
props.put("bootstrap.servers", "hadoop103:9092");
// 等待所有副本节点的应答
props.put("acks", "all");
// 消息发送最大尝试次数
props.put("retries", 0);
// 一批消息处理大小
props.put("batch.size", 16384);
// 增加服务端请求延时
props.put("linger.ms", 1);
// 发送缓存区内存大小
props.put("buffer.memory", 33554432);
// key 序列化
props.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
// value 序列化
props.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
KafkaProducer<String, String> kafkaProducer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);
for (int i = 0; i < 50; i++) {
kafkaProducer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>("first", "hello" + i), new Callback() {
@Override
public void onCompletion(RecordMetadata metadata, Exception exception) {
if (metadata != null) {
System.err.println(metadata.partition() + "---" + metadata.offset());
}
}
});
}kafkaProducer.close();
}
}
4.2.3 自定义分区生产者
0)需求:将所有数据存储到 topic 的第 0 号分区上
1)定义一个类实现 Partitioner 接口,重写里面的方法(过时 API)
package cn.bw.kafka;
import java.util.Map;
import kafka.producer.Partitioner;
public class CustomPartitioner implements Partitioner {
public CustomPartitioner() {
super();
}
@Override
public int partition(Object key, int numPartitions) {
// 控制分区 return 0;
}
}
2)自定义分区(新 API)
package cn.bw.kafka; import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.Partitioner;
import org.apache.kafka.common.Cluster;
public class CustomPartitioner implements Partitioner {
@Override
public void configure(Map<String, ?> configs) {
}
@Override
public int partition(String topic, Object key, byte[] keyBytes, Object value, byte[] valueBytes, Cluster cluster) {
// 控制分区
return 0;
}
@Override
public void close() {
}
}
3)在代码中调用 package com.hadoop.kafka;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.KafkaProducer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.Producer;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.producer.ProducerRecord;
public class PartitionerProducer public static void main(String[] args) {
Properties props = new Properties();
// Kafka 服务端的主机名和端口号
props.put("bootstrap.servers", "hadoop103:9092");
// 等待所有副本节点的应答
props.put("acks", "all");
// 消息发送最大尝试次数
props.put("retries", 0);
// 一批消息处理大小
props.put("batch.size", 16384);
// 增加服务端请求延时
props.put("linger.ms", 1);
// 发送缓存区内存大小
props.put("buffer.memory", 33554432);
// key 序列化
props.put("key.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
// value 序列化
props.put("value.serializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringSerializer");
// 自定义分区
props.put("partitioner.class", "cn.bw.kafka.CustomPartitioner");
Producer<String, String> producer = new KafkaProducer<>(props);
producer.send(new ProducerRecord<String, String>("first", "1", "hadoop")); producer.close();
}
}
4)测试
(1)在 node01 上监控/bd/kafka/logs/目录下 first 主题 3 个分区的 log 日志动态变化情况
[hadoop@node01 first-0]$ tail -f 00000000000000000000.log
[hadoop@node01 first-1]$ tail -f 00000000000000000000.log
[hadoop@node01 first-2]$ tail -f 00000000000000000000.log
(2)发现数据都存储到指定的分区了。
4.3 Kafka 消费者 Java API
0)在控制台创建发送者
[hadoop@node01 kafka]$ bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --broker-list node01:9092 --topic first
>hello world
1)创建消费者(过时 API)
package cn.bw.kafka.consumeimport java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List; import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import kafka.consumer.Consumerimport kafka.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import kafka.consumer.ConsumerIterator;
import kafka.consumer.KafkaStream;
import kafka.javaapi.consumer.ConsumerConnector;
public class CustomConsumer {
@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
public static void main(String[] args) {
Properties properties = new Properties();
properties.put("zookeeper.connect", "hadoop102:2181");
properties.put("group.id", "g1");
properties.put("zookeeper.session.timeout.ms", "500");
properties.put("zookeeper.sync.time.ms", "250");
properties.put("auto.commit.interval.ms", "1000");
// 创建消费者连接器
ConsumerConnector consumer = Consumer.createJavaConsumerConnector(new ConsumerConfig(properties));
HashMap<String, Integer> topicCount = new HashMap<>();
topicCount.put("first", 1);
Map<String, List<KafkaStream<byte[], byte[]>>> consumerMap = consumer.createMessageStreams(topicCount);
KafkaStream<byte[], byte[]> stream = consumerMap.get("first").get(0);
ConsumerIterator<byte[], byte[]> it = stream.iterator();
while (it.hasNext()) {
System.out.println(new String(it.next().message()));
}
}
}
2)官方提供案例(自动维护消费情况)(新 API)
package cn.bw.kafka.consumeimport java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Properties;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecord;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerRecords;
import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.KafkaConsumer;
public class CustomNewConsumer public static void main(String[] args) {
Properties props = new Properties();
// 定义 kakfa 服务的地址,不需要将所有 broker 指定上
props.put("bootstrap.servers", "node01:9092");
// 制定
consumer group props.put("group.id", "test");
// 是否自动确认
offset props.put("enable.auto.commit", "true");
// 自动确认 offset 的时间间隔
props.put("auto.commit.interval.ms", "1000");
// key 的序列化类
props.put("key.deserializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer");
// value 的序列化类
props.put("value.deserializer", "org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer");
// 定义 consumer
KafkaConsumer<String, String> consumer = new KafkaConsumer<>(props);
// 消费者订阅的 topic, 可同时订阅多个
consumer.subscribe(Arrays.asList("first", "second","third"));
while (true) {
// 读取数据,读取超时时间为 100ms
ConsumerRecords<String, String> records = consumer.poll(100);
for (ConsumerRecord<String, String> record : records)
System.out.printf("offset = %d, key = %s, value = %s%n", record.offset(), record.key(), record.value());
}
}
}