这一阵子因为项目需要要对接别家公司的restful接口,其中有一个接口是上传视频文件。接着上网找找资料。后来文件是上传成功了,但上服务器一看,文件没有后缀,我勒个去,这是什么个鬼。接着继续找资料,最终发现是因为在文件数据后面没加上“\r\n”引起的,特发此博文备忘。在此感谢【小伊同学】的《c#代码发送post请求,上传文件》https://www.cnblogs.com/yinq/p/6045995.html和【imEgo】的《HTTP POST上传文件格式说明》http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_73b633110101jwxm.html。
1 public static Response FileLoadRequest(string url, string filePath, string rename = "") 2 { 3 Response httpResponse = null; 4 string fileName = FileHelper.GetFileName(filePath); 5 string boundary = "ceshi"; 6 string Enter = "\r\n"; 7 8 HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); 9 request.Method = "POST"; 10 request.ContentType = "multipart/form-data;charset=utf8;boundary=" + boundary; //boundary这个属性很重要 11 //进行Session持久化 12 request.CookieContainer = cookie; 13 14 #region 将参数写入请求流中 15 Stream RequestStream = request.GetRequestStream(); 16 string fileContentStr = "--" + boundary + Enter 17 + "Content-Type:application/octet-stream" + Enter 18 + "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file\"; filename=\"" + fileName + "\"" + Enter + Enter; 19 var fileContentStrByte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(fileContentStr); 20 21 FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); 22 byte[] filedata = new byte[fs.Length]; 23 fs.Read(filedata, 0, Convert.ToInt32(fs.Length)); 24 fs.Close(); 25 26 RequestStream.Write(fileContentStrByte, 0, fileContentStrByte.Length); 27 RequestStream.Write(filedata, 0, filedata.Length); 28 29 //在文件数据末尾要加上“\r\n” 30 string EndStr1 = Enter; 31 var EndStr1Byte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(EndStr1); 32 RequestStream.Write(EndStr1Byte, 0, EndStr1Byte.Length); 33 34 if (rename != "") 35 { 36 string fileNameStr = "--" + boundary + Enter 37 + "Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"file_name\"" + Enter + Enter 38 + rename; 39 var fileNameStrByte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(fileNameStr); 40 RequestStream.Write(fileNameStrByte, 0, fileNameStrByte.Length); 41 } 42 43 //在流末尾要加上--ceshi--的分隔符 44 string EndStr = Enter + "--" + boundary + "--"; 45 var EndStrByte = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(EndStr); 46 RequestStream.Write(EndStrByte, 0, EndStrByte.Length); 47 #endregion 48 49 string responseMessage = string.Empty; 50 try 51 { 52 using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse()) 53 { 54 55 StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8); 56 responseMessage = sr.ReadToEnd(); 57 httpResponse = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Response>(responseMessage); 58 response.Close(); 59 } 60 } 61 catch (WebException ex) 62 { 63 Program.log.Error(string.Format("System.Net.WebException:UrlGetRequest出错,URL='{0}':", request.RequestUri), ex); 64 } 65 catch (Exception ex) 66 { 67 Program.log.Error(string.Format("UrlGetRequest出错,URL='{0}':", request.RequestUri), ex); 68 } 69 70 return httpResponse; 71 }
下面引用下RFC的Sample:
Content-Type: multipart/form-data, boundary=AaB03x --AaB03x Content-Disposition: form-data; name="field1" Joe Blow --AaB03x Content-Disposition: form-data; name="pics"; filename="file1.txt" Content-Type: text/plain ... contents of file1.txt ... --AaB03x--
首先,在Content-Type中,boundary这个属性一定要加,但boundary属性值随意设置成什么都行,它不会出现在要上传的数据里,只是起到分隔的作用。上面是设置成“Aab03x”。重点来了:每个参数之前需要加上“--boundary”,注意前面有“--”。参数最后结尾要加“--boundary--”。文件数据后要跟上“\r\n”(我就是因为没加“\r\n,所以没有文件后缀”)。在上传文件的那一个参数的Content-Type:是根据上传文件的后缀进行设置的,详细对照表请参照:http://tool.oschina.net/commons/。如果不想根据文件后缀进行填充的话,可以直接用“application/octet-stream”。