Objective-C数组初识

1.数组的创建

OC中数组存储对象的地址

对象方法初始化

1 NSArray * arr1 = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"one",@"two",@"three", nil];
2         
3 NSLog(@"%@",arr1);

 类方法初始化

1 NSArray * arr2 = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"one",@"two",@"three", nil];

 

创建数组时以nil结束

使用@[]初始化

 1 NSArray * arr3 = @[@"one",@"two",@"three"]; 

 

2.数组存储基本数据类型 oc数组存储的是对象的地址 所以需要将基本数据类型的变量转变为对象的地址

numberWithInt:(int)   numberWithFloat:(float)   numberWithDouble:(double）

1 int age = 25;

2 NSNumber * num = [NSNumber numberWithInt:age];  

3 NSArray * arr5 = @[@"one",@"two",@"three",num];

4 NSLog(@"%@",arr5);

 3.数组中可以存放自定义对象

1         Person * p1 = [[Person alloc] initWithName:@"Tom" andAge:18];
2         Person * p2 = [[Person alloc] initWithName:@"Lilei" andAge:20];
3         Person * p3 = [[Person alloc] initWithName:@"Lily" andAge:25];
4         
5         NSArray * arr6 = @[p1,p2,p3];        

1 #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
2 
3 @interface Person : NSObject {
4     NSString * _name;
5     int _age;
6     
7 }
8 - (id)initWithName:(NSString *)name andAge:(int)age;
9 @end

Person.h

 1 #import "Person.h"
 2 
 3 @implementation Person
 4 - (id)initWithName:(NSString *)name andAge:(int)age {
 5     if (self = [super init]) {
 6         _name = name;
 7         _age = age;
 8     }
 9     return self;
10 }
11 
12 - (NSString *)description {
13     return [NSString stringWithFormat:@"name:%@ age:%d",_name,_age];
14 }
15 
16 @end

Person.m

- (NSString *)description； 该方法返回值即为打印数组时打印的字符串。

 

5.获取数组中的对象 

 1 Person * p4 = [arr6 objectAtIndex:2]; 2 NSLog(@"p4 %@",[p4 description]);  

6.获取数组中的个数

 1 NSUInteger count = [arr6 count]; 

 

7.判断是否包含元素

判断的是内容 而非地址 

 1         Person * p5 = [[Person alloc] initWithName:@"Jack" andAge:28];
 2         BOOL isContain = [arr6 containsObject:p5];
 3         
 4         if (isContain) {
 5             NSLog(@"包含");
 6         } else {
 7             NSLog(@"不包含");
 8         }
 9         
10         NSString * str1 = [[NSString alloc] initWithFormat:@"one"];
11         NSArray * arr7 = @[@"one",@"two",@"three"];
12         BOOL isContain1 = [arr7 containsObject:str1];
13         
14         if (isContain1) {
15             NSLog(@"包含");
16         } else {
17             NSLog(@"不包含");
18         }

 

8.数组排序

 1         // @selector
 2         NSArray * arr = @[@"a",@"g",@"f",@"d",@"e"];
 3         
 4         // YES 左边 > 右边
 5         // 左边 < 右边
 6         BOOL isGreater = [@"b" isGreaterThan:@"a"];
 7         NSLog(@"isGreater %d",isGreater);
 8         
 9 //        SEL sel = @selector(isGreaterThan:);
10         NSLog(@"before %@",arr);
11 //        NSArray * arr2 = [arr sortedArrayUsingSelector:sel];
12         NSArray * arr2 = [arr sortedArrayUsingSelector:@selector(isGreaterThan:)];
13         NSLog(@"after %@",arr2);
14         
15         // @selector
16         // Block
17         // 声明: 返回值 (^名字)(参数列表) = ^返回值 (参数列表) {
18     
19 //    }
20         NSComparisonResult (^block)(id obj1,id obj2) = ^NSComparisonResult(id obj1, id obj2) {
21             return [obj1 compare:obj2];
22         };
23         
24         // Block
25         NSArray * arr3 = [arr sortedArrayUsingComparator:block];
26         
27         [arr sortedArrayUsingComparator:^NSComparisonResult(id obj1, id obj2) {
28             return [obj1 isLessThan:obj2];
29         }];        
30         NSLog(@"after arr3 %@",arr3);

数组排序

@selector 传入一个方法名 也就是方法的地址  

Block

声明: 返回值 (^名字)(参数列表) = ^返回值 (参数列表) {

　　操作

}

 

9.可变数组

　　9.1 可变数组

1 NSArray * arr1 = @[@"one",@"two",@"three"];
2 
3 NSMutableArray * muarr1 = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithArray:arr1];
4 
5 NSMutableArray * muarr2 = [[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"one",@"two",@"three", nil];

　　NSMutableArray * muarr3 = @[@"one",@"two",@"three"];  并不能这样写

 

　　9.2重置数组 1 [muarr2 setArray:@[@"one"]]; 2 NSLog(@"%@",muarr2); 

　　9.3添加元素 1 [muarr2 addObject:@"two"];

1         NSArray * arr2 = @[@"a",@"b",@"c"];
2         // 把数组作为对象添加到数组中
3         [muarr2 addObject:arr2];

 

　　9.4插入元素

1         // 插入对象
2         [muarr2 insertObject:@"z" atIndex:1];
3          [muarr2 addObject:@"one"];
4         NSLog(@"%@",muarr2);

　　9.5删除元素

        // 删除
        // 会通过对象地址,删除数组中所有的同一个地址的对象
        
        [muarr2 removeObject:@"one"];
        NSLog(@"%@",muarr2);
        
        // 删除 指定位置的对象
        [muarr2 removeObjectAtIndex:1];
        NSLog(@"%@",muarr2);
        // 删除全部对象
        [muarr2 removeAllObjects];
        NSLog(@"%@",muarr2);

 

 

10.遍历数组

[arr count]为数组的元素数

[arr objectAtIndex:i] 为index处的元素

 1         NSArray * arr = @[@"英雄联盟",@"跑跑卡丁车",@"红色警戒"];
 2         NSLog(@"%@",arr);
 3         
 4         NSString * str = arr[0];
 5         NSLog(@"%@",str);
 6         for (int i = 0; i < [arr count]; i++) {
 7             NSLog(@"%@",[arr objectAtIndex:i]);
 8         }
 9         // 快速枚举
10         for (NSString * str in arr) {
11             NSLog(@"%@",str);
12         }

 

11.字符串与数组的相互转换

 1         NSString * str = @"I am a teacher";
 2         //componentsSeparatedByString: 用字符串来分割 用数组存储
 3         
 4         NSArray * arr = [str componentsSeparatedByString:@" "];
 5         NSLog(@"%@",arr);
 6         
 7         NSString * str2 = @"a";
 8         NSArray * arr1 = [str2 componentsSeparatedByString:@"a"];
 9         NSLog(@"%@",arr1);
10         
11         //componentsJoinedByString 用字符串拼接数组元素 范围一个新字符串
12         NSString * str3 = [arr componentsJoinedByString:@"-"];
13         NSLog(@"%@",str3);

 

附加 @selector语法

 1 int main(int argc, const char * argv[]) {
 2     @autoreleasepool {
 3         NSLog(@"%d",cal(3,5, add));
 4         
 5         Dog * dog = [[Dog alloc] init];
 6 //        [dog bark];
 7         
 8         [dog eatAfterSel:@selector(rockTail)];
 9         
10         
11         
12     }
13     return 0;
14 }

main.m

1 #import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
2 
3 @interface Dog : NSObject
4 - (void)bark;
5 - (void)rockTail;
6 - (void)eat;
7 - (void)eatAfterSel:(SEL)sel;
8 
9 @end

Dog.h

 1 #import "Dog.h"
 2 
 3 @implementation Dog
 4 - (void)bark {
 5     NSLog(@"wangwang");
 6 }
 7 
 8 - (void)rockTail {
 9     NSLog(@"狗在深情地摇着尾巴");
10 }
11 
12 - (void)eat {
13     NSLog(@"狗在吃屎");
14 }
15 
16 
17 - (void)eatAfterSel:(SEL)sel {
18     [self performSelector:sel];
19     [self eat];
20 }
21 @end

Dog.m

 

 

 

　　

 

 

 

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/gwkiOS/p/4924653.html