React系列——react-redux之connect方法解析

 

 
connect简介

前方高能预警,有耐心才能看完文章!!

react-redux仅有2个API,Provider和connect,Provider提供的是一个顶层容器的作用,实现store的上下文传递。

connect方法比较复杂,虽然代码只有368行,但是为redux中常用的功能实现了和react连接的建立。

一个基础的connect方法如下:

connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps, mergeProps, options = {}) 
为什么我们需要react-redux?

熟悉redux的人可能知道,redux是数据存储和管理的工具,但是想要在react中使用redux,并不能直接将store、action和react组件建立连接,所以就需要react-redux来结合react和redux。

react-redux文件体积非常小,你完全不需要担心给你的项目带来太多的垃圾代码。

从何处开始解析react-redux源码?

1、在JavaScript中,读懂别人的代码文件,你首先应该看的是函数的入口。

2、找到函数入口,然后看有哪些参数。

3、看看导入了哪些额外的插件,每个插件的作用大概预测一下。

4、进入函数体进行解读。在react插件中解读函数有一个好处,就是react插件大部分都是采用了react组件的写法,你可以在react插件中看到很多react组件的影子。而不是像jQuery那样到处都是扩展性的方法,每个方法都有自己的设计模式,没有统一的规律可循。

react-redux使用场景

下面这个官方例子展示了mapStateToProps和mapDispatchToProps的使用方法。

import * as todoActionCreators from './todoActionCreators' import * as counterActionCreators from './counterActionCreators' import { bindActionCreators } from 'redux' function mapStateToProps(state) { return { todos: state.todos } } function mapDispatchToProps(dispatch) { return { todoActions: bindActionCreators(todoActionCreators, dispatch), counterActions: bindActionCreators(counterActionCreators, dispatch) } } export default connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps)(TodoApp) 

mergeProps的用法:

import * as actionCreators from './actionCreators'

function mapStateToProps(state) {
  return { todos: state.todos }
}

function mergeProps(stateProps, dispatchProps, ownProps) {
  return Object.assign({}, ownProps, {
    todos: stateProps.todos[ownProps.userId], addTodo: (text) => dispatchProps.addTodo(ownProps.userId, text) }) } export default connect(mapStateToProps, actionCreators, mergeProps)(TodoApp) 
connect源码解析

源码有点长,你可以选择性的查看:

import { Component, createElement } from 'react'
import storeShape from '../utils/storeShape'
import shallowEqual from '../utils/shallowEqual'
import wrapActionCreators from '../utils/wrapActionCreators'
import warning from '../utils/warning'
import isPlainObject from 'lodash/isPlainObject'
import hoistStatics from 'hoist-non-react-statics'
import invariant from 'invariant'

const defaultMapStateToProps = state => ({}) // eslint-disable-line no-unused-vars
const defaultMapDispatchToProps = dispatch => ({ dispatch })
const defaultMergeProps = (stateProps, dispatchProps, parentProps) => ({
  ...parentProps,
  ...stateProps,
  ...dispatchProps
})

function getDisplayName(WrappedComponent) {
  return WrappedComponent.displayName || WrappedComponent.name || 'Component'
}

let errorObject = { value: null }
function tryCatch(fn, ctx) {
  try {
    return fn.apply(ctx)
  } catch (e) {
    errorObject.value = e
    return errorObject
  }
}

// Helps track hot reloading.
let nextVersion = 0

export default function connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps, mergeProps, options = {}) {
  const shouldSubscribe = Boolean(mapStateToProps)
  const mapState = mapStateToProps || defaultMapStateToProps

  let mapDispatch
  if (typeof mapDispatchToProps === 'function') {
    mapDispatch = mapDispatchToProps
  } else if (!mapDispatchToProps) {
    mapDispatch = defaultMapDispatchToProps
  } else {
    mapDispatch = wrapActionCreators(mapDispatchToProps)
  }

  const finalMergeProps = mergeProps || defaultMergeProps
  const { pure = true, withRef = false } = options
  const checkMergedEquals = pure && finalMergeProps !== defaultMergeProps

  // Helps track hot reloading.
  const version = nextVersion++

  return function wrapWithConnect(WrappedComponent) {
    const connectDisplayName = `Connect(${getDisplayName(WrappedComponent)})`

    function checkStateShape(props, methodName) {
      if (!isPlainObject(props)) {
        warning(
          `${methodName}() in ${connectDisplayName} must return a plain object. ` +
          `Instead received ${props}.`
        )
      }
    }

    function computeMergedProps(stateProps, dispatchProps, parentProps) {
      const mergedProps = finalMergeProps(stateProps, dispatchProps, parentProps)
      if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
        checkStateShape(mergedProps, 'mergeProps')
      }
      return mergedProps
    }

    class Connect extends Component {
      shouldComponentUpdate() {
        return !pure || this.haveOwnPropsChanged || this.hasStoreStateChanged
      }

      constructor(props, context) {
        super(props, context)
        this.version = version
        this.store = props.store || context.store

        invariant(this.store,
          `Could not find "store" in either the context or ` +
          `props of "${connectDisplayName}". ` +
          `Either wrap the root component in a <Provider>, ` +
          `or explicitly pass "store" as a prop to "${connectDisplayName}".`
        )

        const storeState = this.store.getState()
        this.state = { storeState }
        this.clearCache()
      }

      computeStateProps(store, props) {
        if (!this.finalMapStateToProps) {
          return this.configureFinalMapState(store, props)
        }

        const state = store.getState()
        const stateProps = this.doStatePropsDependOnOwnProps ?
          this.finalMapStateToProps(state, props) :
          this.finalMapStateToProps(state)

        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
          checkStateShape(stateProps, 'mapStateToProps')
        }
        return stateProps
      }

      configureFinalMapState(store, props) {
        const mappedState = mapState(store.getState(), props)
        const isFactory = typeof mappedState === 'function'

        this.finalMapStateToProps = isFactory ? mappedState : mapState
        this.doStatePropsDependOnOwnProps = this.finalMapStateToProps.length !== 1

        if (isFactory) {
          return this.computeStateProps(store, props)
        }

        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
          checkStateShape(mappedState, 'mapStateToProps')
        }
        return mappedState
      }

      computeDispatchProps(store, props) {
        if (!this.finalMapDispatchToProps) {
          return this.configureFinalMapDispatch(store, props)
        }

        const { dispatch } = store
        const dispatchProps = this.doDispatchPropsDependOnOwnProps ?
          this.finalMapDispatchToProps(dispatch, props) :
          this.finalMapDispatchToProps(dispatch)

        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
          checkStateShape(dispatchProps, 'mapDispatchToProps')
        }
        return dispatchProps
      }

      configureFinalMapDispatch(store, props) {
        const mappedDispatch = mapDispatch(store.dispatch, props)
        const isFactory = typeof mappedDispatch === 'function'

        this.finalMapDispatchToProps = isFactory ? mappedDispatch : mapDispatch
        this.doDispatchPropsDependOnOwnProps = this.finalMapDispatchToProps.length !== 1

        if (isFactory) {
          return this.computeDispatchProps(store, props)
        }

        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
          checkStateShape(mappedDispatch, 'mapDispatchToProps')
        }
        return mappedDispatch
      }

      updateStatePropsIfNeeded() {
        const nextStateProps = this.computeStateProps(this.store, this.props)
        if (this.stateProps && shallowEqual(nextStateProps, this.stateProps)) {
          return false
        }

        this.stateProps = nextStateProps
        return true
      }

      updateDispatchPropsIfNeeded() {
        const nextDispatchProps = this.computeDispatchProps(this.store, this.props)
        if (this.dispatchProps && shallowEqual(nextDispatchProps, this.dispatchProps)) {
          return false
        }

        this.dispatchProps = nextDispatchProps
        return true
      }

      updateMergedPropsIfNeeded() {
        const nextMergedProps = computeMergedProps(this.stateProps, this.dispatchProps, this.props)
        if (this.mergedProps && checkMergedEquals && shallowEqual(nextMergedProps, this.mergedProps)) {
          return false
        }

        this.mergedProps = nextMergedProps
        return true
      }

      isSubscribed() {
        return typeof this.unsubscribe === 'function'
      }

      trySubscribe() {
        if (shouldSubscribe && !this.unsubscribe) {
          this.unsubscribe = this.store.subscribe(this.handleChange.bind(this))
          this.handleChange()
        }
      }

      tryUnsubscribe() {
        if (this.unsubscribe) {
          this.unsubscribe()
          this.unsubscribe = null
        }
      }

      componentDidMount() {
        this.trySubscribe()
      }

      componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {
        if (!pure || !shallowEqual(nextProps, this.props)) {
          this.haveOwnPropsChanged = true
        }
      }

      componentWillUnmount() {
        this.tryUnsubscribe()
        this.clearCache()
      }

      clearCache() {
        this.dispatchProps = null
        this.stateProps = null
        this.mergedProps = null
        this.haveOwnPropsChanged = true
        this.hasStoreStateChanged = true
        this.haveStatePropsBeenPrecalculated = false
        this.statePropsPrecalculationError = null
        this.renderedElement = null
        this.finalMapDispatchToProps = null
        this.finalMapStateToProps = null
      }

      handleChange() {
        if (!this.unsubscribe) {
          return
        }

        const storeState = this.store.getState()
        const prevStoreState = this.state.storeState
        if (pure && prevStoreState === storeState) {
          return
        }

        if (pure && !this.doStatePropsDependOnOwnProps) {
          const haveStatePropsChanged = tryCatch(this.updateStatePropsIfNeeded, this)
          if (!haveStatePropsChanged) {
            return
          }
          if (haveStatePropsChanged === errorObject) {
            this.statePropsPrecalculationError = errorObject.value
          }
          this.haveStatePropsBeenPrecalculated = true
        }

        this.hasStoreStateChanged = true
        this.setState({ storeState })
      }

      getWrappedInstance() {
        invariant(withRef,
          `To access the wrapped instance, you need to specify ` +
          `{ withRef: true } as the fourth argument of the connect() call.`
        )

        return this.refs.wrappedInstance
      }

      render() {
        const {
          haveOwnPropsChanged,
          hasStoreStateChanged,
          haveStatePropsBeenPrecalculated,
          statePropsPrecalculationError,
          renderedElement
        } = this

        this.haveOwnPropsChanged = false
        this.hasStoreStateChanged = false
        this.haveStatePropsBeenPrecalculated = false
        this.statePropsPrecalculationError = null

        if (statePropsPrecalculationError) {
          throw statePropsPrecalculationError
        }

        let shouldUpdateStateProps = true
        let shouldUpdateDispatchProps = true
        if (pure && renderedElement) {
          shouldUpdateStateProps = hasStoreStateChanged || (
            haveOwnPropsChanged && this.doStatePropsDependOnOwnProps
          )
          shouldUpdateDispatchProps =
            haveOwnPropsChanged && this.doDispatchPropsDependOnOwnProps
        }

        let haveStatePropsChanged = false
        let haveDispatchPropsChanged = false
        if (haveStatePropsBeenPrecalculated) {
          haveStatePropsChanged = true
        } else if (shouldUpdateStateProps) {
          haveStatePropsChanged = this.updateStatePropsIfNeeded()
        }
        if (shouldUpdateDispatchProps) {
          haveDispatchPropsChanged = this.updateDispatchPropsIfNeeded()
        }

        let haveMergedPropsChanged = true
        if (
          haveStatePropsChanged ||
          haveDispatchPropsChanged ||
          haveOwnPropsChanged
        ) {
          haveMergedPropsChanged = this.updateMergedPropsIfNeeded()
        } else {
          haveMergedPropsChanged = false
        }

        if (!haveMergedPropsChanged && renderedElement) {
          return renderedElement
        }

        if (withRef) {
          this.renderedElement = createElement(WrappedComponent, {
            ...this.mergedProps,
            ref: 'wrappedInstance'
          })
        } else {
          this.renderedElement = createElement(WrappedComponent,
            this.mergedProps
          )
        }

        return this.renderedElement
      }
    }

    Connect.displayName = connectDisplayName
    Connect.WrappedComponent = WrappedComponent
    Connect.contextTypes = {
      store: storeShape
    }
    Connect.propTypes = {
      store: storeShape
    }

    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== 'production') {
      Connect.prototype.componentWillUpdate = function componentWillUpdate() {
        if (this.version === version) {
          return
        }

        // We are hot reloading!
        this.version = version
        this.trySubscribe()
        this.clearCache()
      }
    }

    return hoistStatics(Connect, WrappedComponent)
  }
}

我们按照上面介绍的解析步骤来一步步有序的分析源码。

1、查看函数入口,以及需要传入的参数。

如果只是看这样一个函数体,我们无法得知每个参数到底是什么?有什么作用?但是,我们可以先结合使用的demo初步了解各个参数的作用。

export default function connect(mapStateToProps, mapDispatchToProps, mergeProps, options = {}) {} 

mapStateToProps:传入所有state,返回指定的state数据。

function mapStateToProps(state) {
      return { todos: state.todos }
    }

mapDispatchToProps:传入dispatch,返回使用bindActionCreators()绑定的action方法。我们不再这里讨论bindActionCreators的用法,这个知识将会放到redux解析的文章中。

function mapDispatchToProps(dispatch) {
  return bindActionCreators(Object.assign({}, todoActionCreators, counterActionCreators), dispatch)
}

mergeProps:mergeProps如果不指定,则默认返回 Object.assign({}, ownProps, stateProps, dispatchProps),顾名思义,mergeProps是合并的意思,将state合并后传递给组件。

function mergeProps(stateProps, dispatchProps, ownProps) {
  return Object.assign({}, ownProps, {
    todos: stateProps.todos[ownProps.userId],
    addTodo: (text) => dispatchProps.addTodo(ownProps.userId, text)
  })
}

options:通过配置项可以更加详细的定义connect的行为,通常只需要执行默认值。

2、查看导入了哪些插件

import { Component, createElement } from 'react'
import storeShape from '../utils/storeShape' import shallowEqual from '../utils/shallowEqual' import wrapActionCreators from '../utils/wrapActionCreators' import warning from '../utils/warning' import isPlainObject from 'lodash/isPlainObject' import hoistStatics from 'hoist-non-react-statics' import invariant from 'invariant' 

react:使用到了react组件,那么我们可以猜测connect和Provider类似,需要创建一个Connect组件。

storeShape:通过了redux常用API的类型验证。

import PropTypes from 'prop-types'
export default PropTypes.shape({
  subscribe: PropTypes.func.isRequired,
  dispatch: PropTypes.func.isRequired, getState: PropTypes.func.isRequired }) 

shallowEqual:这个文件的作用是传入2个对象,首先比较对象是否一致,如果一致,则返回true,如果不一致,则获取2个对象的key数组,判断2个对象key数组的长度是否相等,如果不相等,返回false,如果相等,最后用for循环遍历A对象的key,如果当前的遍历值不存在于B的key中或者A对象的当前key的value不等于B对象的当前key的value,则返回false,如果不属于上面的任何情况,则返回true。(如果认为我这段讲的迷迷糊糊,你也可以自己理解下面的代码。)

export default function shallowEqual(objA, objB) { if (objA === objB) { return true } const keysA = Object.keys(objA) const keysB = Object.keys(objB) if (keysA.length !== keysB.length) { return false } // 测试A对象的key和B对象的key不一致 const hasOwn = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty for (let i = 0; i < keysA.length; i++) { if (!hasOwn.call(objB, keysA[i]) || objA[keysA[i]] !== objB[keysA[i]]) { return false } } return true } 

hasOwn的作用是判断对象里面是否包含某个属性。这段代码的实际用途是判断下一个props和当前的props是否一致。

shallowEqual(nextStateProps, this.stateProps)

wrapActionCreators:实现了bindActionCreators方法绑定action到组件的操作。

import { bindActionCreators } from 'redux'

export default function wrapActionCreators(actionCreators) { return dispatch => bindActionCreators(actionCreators, dispatch) } 

函数使用方法

wrapActionCreators(mapDispatchToProps)

warning:在控制台打印warning信息

export default function warning(message) { if (typeof console !== 'undefined' && typeof console.error === 'function') { console.error(message) } try { throw new Error(message) } catch (e) {} } 

lodash/isPlainObject:检查传入的值是不是纯对象,如果是,返回true,否则返回false。方法详情查看 lodash之isPlainObject

function isPlainObject(value) {
  if (!isObjectLike(value) || baseGetTag(value) != objectTag) { return false; } var proto = getPrototype(value); if (proto === null) { return true; } var Ctor = hasOwnProperty.call(proto, 'constructor') && proto.constructor; return typeof Ctor == 'function' && Ctor instanceof Ctor && funcToString.call(Ctor) == objectCtorString; } 

hoist-non-react-statics:这段代码有点神奇,REACT_STATICS是一堆react的常用方法,KNOWN_STATICS是函数的一些属性。

var REACT_STATICS = {
 childContextTypes: true,  contextTypes: true,  defaultProps: true,  displayName: true,  getDefaultProps: true,  mixins: true,  propTypes: true,  type: true }; var KNOWN_STATICS = {  name: true,  length: true,  prototype: true,  caller: true,  arguments: true,  arity: true }; var isGetOwnPropertySymbolsAvailable = typeof Object.getOwnPropertySymbols === 'function'; module.exports = function hoistNonReactStatics(targetComponent, sourceComponent, customStatics) { if (typeof sourceComponent !== 'string') { // don't hoist over string (html) components var keys = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(sourceComponent); if (isGetOwnPropertySymbolsAvailable) { keys = keys.concat(Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(sourceComponent)); } for (var i = 0; i < keys.length; ++i) { if (!REACT_STATICS[keys[i]] && !KNOWN_STATICS[keys[i]] && (!customStatics || !customStatics[keys[i]])) { try { targetComponent[keys[i]] = sourceComponent[keys[i]]; } catch (error) { } } } } return targetComponent; }; 

我们首先从函数入口解读,入口传入了3个参数,targetComponentsourceComponentcustomStatics,首先判断sourceComponent的类型不是一个字符串,然后使用getOwnPropertyNames获取sourceComponent对象的key,返回值是key组成的数组keys。接着判断isGetOwnPropertySymbolsAvailable(肯定是true),如果为true,执行下面的语句:

keys = keys.concat(Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(sourceComponent));

getOwnPropertySymbols和getOwnPropertyNames作用类似,但是getOwnPropertyNames只是返回字符串类型的key,而getOwnPropertySymbols可以返回Symbol类型的key。然后我们再把2种情况下的key拼接到一个数组里面返回新的keys。

然后执行for语句,遍历keys,如果不包含REACT_STATICS中的react的静态方法,同时不包含KNOWN_STATICS中的属性,同时不存在customStatics(传入函数的第三个参数不存在)或者存在但没有sourceComponent的key,就执行:

//将sourceComponent的方法写入targetComponent中
targetComponent[keys[i]] = sourceComponent[keys[i]];

最后返回targetComponent:

return targetComponent

该方法在connect中的实际作用是:将WrappedComponent内的react静态方法绑定到Connect组件上。

hoistStatics(Connect, WrappedComponent)

invariant:我们看到invariant传入了好几个参数,第一个if语句表示如果不是生产环境,并且format没有定义,就抛出异常。第二个if表示如果condition未定义,同时format未定义,就抛出error,如果condition不存在但format存在,抛出另外的错误。(总结就是一个错误检查机制)

var NODE_ENV = process.env.NODE_ENV;

var invariant = function(condition, format, a, b, c, d, e, f) { if (NODE_ENV !== 'production') { if (format === undefined) { throw new Error('invariant requires an error message argument'); } } if (!condition) { var error; if (format === undefined) { error = new Error( 'Minified exception occurred; use the non-minified dev environment ' + 'for the full error message and additional helpful warnings.' ); } else { var args = [a, b, c, d, e, f]; var argIndex = 0; error = new Error( format.replace(/%s/g, function() { return args[argIndex++]; }) ); error.name = 'Invariant Violation'; } error.framesToPop = 1; // we don't care about invariant's own frame throw error; } }; module.exports = invariant; 

该方法实际用途:检查store是否存在

invariant(this.store,
          `Could not find "store" in either the context or ` + `props of "${connectDisplayName}". ` + `Either wrap the root component in a <Provider>, ` + `or explicitly pass "store" as a prop to "${connectDisplayName}".` ) 

3、定义几个参数默认值常量

当你没有给组件绑定state和dispatch的时候,就执行默认的配置。

defaultMapStateToProps:传入state,返回空对象

defaultMapDispatchToProps: 传入dispatch,返回dispatch对象

defaultMergeProps:传入stateProps, dispatchProps, parentProps,返回当前传入的对象。

const defaultMapStateToProps = state => ({})
const defaultMapDispatchToProps = dispatch => ({ dispatch })
const defaultMergeProps = (stateProps, dispatchProps, parentProps) => ({ ...parentProps, ...stateProps, ...dispatchProps }) 

4、getDisplayName方法

返回当前传入的组件名

function getDisplayName(WrappedComponent) {
  return WrappedComponent.displayName || WrappedComponent.name || 'Component' } 

5、tryCatch方法
给fn函数指定上下文。

let errorObject = { value: null }
function tryCatch(fn, ctx) { try { return fn.apply(ctx) } catch (e) { errorObject.value = e return errorObject } } 

使用场景:在connect内调用tryCatch给updateStatePropsIfNeeded方法指定当前的上下文

tryCatch(this.updateStatePropsIfNeeded, this)

如果你不明白上面的代码,可以看下面比较简单的例子:

let b = {
  a: 1,
  e: function() { console.log(this.a) }, c: function() { tryCatch(this.e, this) } } b.c() // 1 

6、connect函数解析思路
connect函数是核心,我们需要大概了解函数做的事情,才能更好的读懂源码。
既然是函数,那就有返回值,connect()返回值是Connect组件(请注意大小写的区别)。

通俗点理解,使用connect可以把state和dispatch绑定到react组件,使得组件可以访问到redux的数据。
常看到下面这种写法:

export default connect(mapStateToProps)(TodoApp)

我把connect的核心实现简化提取出来,是下面这种形式:WrappedComponent参数对应的就是TodoApp。函数最终返回的是将state和dispatch绑定到Connect之后的新组件。

funtion connect(mapStateToProps) {
    return function wrapWithConnect(WrappedComponent) {
        class Connect extends Component { } return hoistStatics(Connect, WrappedComponent) } } 

7、Connect组件执行

既然已经知道connect函数返回的是Connect组件,而Connect组件继承于react,我们就可以按照react的生命周期来阅读代码。

Connect组件方法组成:方法虽然很多,但是我们只需要紧跟react生命周期函数去了解代码,而其他方法都是在生命周期函数中调用的。

class Connect extends Component {
      shouldComponentUpdate() {}
      constructor(props, context) {} computeStateProps(store, props) {} configureFinalMapState(store, props) {} computeDispatchProps(store, props) {} configureFinalMapDispatch(store, props) {} updateStatePropsIfNeeded() {} updateDispatchPropsIfNeeded() {} updateMergedPropsIfNeeded() {} isSubscribed() {} trySubscribe() {} tryUnsubscribe() {} componentDidMount() {} componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {} componentWillUnmount() {} clearCache() {} handleChange() {} getWrappedInstance() {} render() {} } 

简单了解react生命周期的函数执行顺序:

初次渲染:render => componentDidMount

当state更新时:componentWillReceiveProps => shouldComponentUpdate => render

render:进入Connect组件执行的时候,先进入render方法。

render() {
        const {haveOwnPropsChanged, hasStoreStateChanged, haveStatePropsBeenPrecalculated, statePropsPrecalculationError, renderedElement} = this

        this.haveOwnPropsChanged = false
        this.hasStoreStateChanged = false this.haveStatePropsBeenPrecalculated = false this.statePropsPrecalculationError = null if (statePropsPrecalculationError) { throw statePropsPrecalculationError } let shouldUpdateStateProps = true let shouldUpdateDispatchProps = true if (pure && renderedElement) { shouldUpdateStateProps = hasStoreStateChanged || ( haveOwnPropsChanged && this.doStatePropsDependOnOwnProps ) shouldUpdateDispatchProps = haveOwnPropsChanged && this.doDispatchPropsDependOnOwnProps } let haveStatePropsChanged = false let haveDispatchPropsChanged = false if (haveStatePropsBeenPrecalculated) { haveStatePropsChanged = true } else if (shouldUpdateStateProps) { haveStatePropsChanged = this.updateStatePropsIfNeeded() } if (shouldUpdateDispatchProps) { haveDispatchPropsChanged = this.updateDispatchPropsIfNeeded() } let haveMergedPropsChanged = true if (haveStatePropsChanged || haveDispatchPropsChanged || haveOwnPropsChanged) { haveMergedPropsChanged = this.updateMergedPropsIfNeeded() } else { haveMergedPropsChanged = false } if (!haveMergedPropsChanged && renderedElement) { return renderedElement } if (withRef) { this.renderedElement = createElement(WrappedComponent, { ...this.mergedProps, ref: 'wrappedInstance' }) } else { this.renderedElement = createElement(WrappedComponent, this.mergedProps ) } 

a、首先定义了5个成员变量,在Connect组件内部的任意函数位置可以访问到this定义的成员变量。

const {haveOwnPropsChanged, hasStoreStateChanged, haveStatePropsBeenPrecalculated, statePropsPrecalculationError, renderedElement} = this

//上面的代码等于下面的写法,this指当前的组件对象。

//判断新传入的props和当前的是否相等,是bool值
var haveOwnPropsChanged = this.haveOwnPropsChanged; 
//当state更新时,改变hasStoreStateChanged的状态,是bool值
var hasStoreStateChanged = this.hasStoreStateChanged;
//表示state和props已经提前计算改变,也是bool值
var haveStatePropsBeenPrecalculated = this.haveStatePropsBeenPrecalculated;
//如果state和props更新时出现错误,则抛出statePropsPrecalculationError异常 var statePropsPrecalculationError = this.statePropsPrecalculationError; //将要渲染的react组件 var renderedElement = this.renderedElement; 

b、给成员变量设置默认值。默认值要么是false,要么是null。

this.haveOwnPropsChanged = false
this.hasStoreStateChanged = false
this.haveStatePropsBeenPrecalculated = false this.statePropsPrecalculationError = null 

c、抛出异常:初次渲染时,statePropsPrecalculationError为null,不会抛出异常,当执行state和props更新出现异常时,会抛出错误。

if (statePropsPrecalculationError) {
      throw statePropsPrecalculationError
}

我们追踪到statePropsPrecalculationError的赋值是在handleChange()里面执行的,受到haveStatePropsChanged的结果影响。当haveStatePropsChanged出现错误时,就把报错内容赋值给statePropsPrecalculationError。

if (haveStatePropsChanged === errorObject) {
      this.statePropsPrecalculationError = errorObject.value
}

d、定义shouldUpdateStateProps和shouldUpdateDispatchProps:默认为true前者表示默认允许更新state和props,后者表示默认允许更新dispatch。
pure:options的配置项,初始值为true。
shouldUpdateStateProps:我们看到 || 符号,只要左右2边满足一个为true,则返回true,如果2个都是false,则返回false。
shouldUpdateDispatchProps:同时满足haveOwnPropsChanged、doDispatchPropsDependOnOwnProps为true,则返回true,否则返回false。

    let shouldUpdateStateProps = true
    let shouldUpdateDispatchProps = true if (pure && renderedElement) { shouldUpdateStateProps = hasStoreStateChanged || (haveOwnPropsChanged && this.doStatePropsDependOnOwnProps) shouldUpdateDispatchProps = haveOwnPropsChanged && this.doDispatchPropsDependOnOwnProps } 

e、上面几个步骤都是定义state和props的各种状态的变量,目的是为了判断render方法返回怎样的renderedElement。

//如果haveMergedPropsChanged为false,并且renderedElement不为null,则返回renderedElement
//这段代码在初次渲染是不会执行,只有在更新state和props的时候执行
if (!haveMergedPropsChanged && renderedElement) {
    return renderedElement
}

//haveMergedPropsChanged由updateMergedPropsIfNeeded方法的返回值控制,如果mergedProps等于nextMergedProps,返回false,不相等则返回true,表示应该更新state和props updateMergedPropsIfNeeded() { const nextMergedProps = computeMergedProps(this.stateProps, this.dispatchProps, this.props) if (this.mergedProps && checkMergedEquals && shallowEqual(nextMergedProps, this.mergedProps)) { return false } this.mergedProps = nextMergedProps return true } 

初次进入组件最先渲染的返回值是下面这段:

    if (withRef) {
          this.renderedElement = createElement(WrappedComponent, {
            ...this.mergedProps,
            ref: 'wrappedInstance' }) } else { this.renderedElement = createElement(WrappedComponent, this.mergedProps ) }

connect渲染结果:在你绑定的组件外层包裹了Connect组件,看下面的图你应该能更加清晰的了解connect做的事情。

clipboard.png

componentWillReceiveProps:组件接收到新的state。如果pure为false,并且nextProps和this.props不相等,则设置this.haveOwnPropsChanged为true。

componentWillReceiveProps(nextProps) {
        if (!pure || !shallowEqual(nextProps, this.props)) {
          this.haveOwnPropsChanged = true
        }
      }

shouldComponentUpdate():判断组件是否允许更新。

shouldComponentUpdate() {
        return !pure || this.haveOwnPropsChanged || this.hasStoreStateChanged
      }

componentDidMount():组件初次渲染完成,执行订阅更新

componentDidMount() {
        this.trySubscribe()
      }

componentWillUnmount():组件卸载时恢复状态。

    componentWillUnmount() {
        this.tryUnsubscribe()
        this.clearCache()
      }

      clearCache() {
        this.dispatchProps = null
        this.stateProps = null this.mergedProps = null this.haveOwnPropsChanged = true this.hasStoreStateChanged = true this.haveStatePropsBeenPrecalculated = false this.statePropsPrecalculationError = null this.renderedElement = null this.finalMapDispatchToProps = null this.finalMapStateToProps = null } 

8、总结
如果看到这里,你还没有理清思路,那么可以看完总结再回过头去理解源码。

connect方法做的事情是将state和dispatch绑定到Connect组件的参数上,然后Connect组件将你当前的App组件封装起来,使得App组件可以通过props获取到父组件Connect传递的state和props。

这也就是为什么你可以在自己写的组件上面直接通过this.props访问到state和action。有的人是通过store去读取state和dispatch action,也是一样的道理。

从connect方法的实现,我们看到了非常多react组件的影子,生命周期,props传递,context上下文。

对比Provider组件:

Provider是顶层组件的作用,将store作为上下文提供给全局共享,而Connect组件是局部组件,将某个react组件包装起来,传递指定的state和props给该组件访问。

 

 

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/williamjie/p/9591826.html

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