1,创建字符串
st1 = 'victor' # 单引号创建
st2 = "victor" # 双引号创建
st3 = st("victor") # 1个参数,即普通创建字符串;2个参数,1个为字节,1个为编码
st4 = st() # 无参数,即创建空字符串(即空格)
2,基本操作
a,连接
st = "a" + "b"
print st
>>>ab
b,判断
print ("v" in "victor")
>>>True
c,复制
print("victor"*4)
>>>victor victor victor victor
d,索引
str = "abcdefghi"
print (str[3], str[7])
>>>d h
e,切片
st = "abcdefghi"
print (st[:2])
>>>ab
f,步长
st = "abcdefghi"
print (st[::2])
>>> acegi
3,常用功能
a,替换
st = "abcdefg"
print (st.replace("a", "A"))
>>>Abcdefg
b,分割
st = "abcdefg"
print (st.split("c"))
>>>['ab', 'defg']
c,连接
lst = ["my", "name", "is", "victor"]
st = " " # 用空格连接
print (st.join(lst))
>>>my name is victor"
d,判断以“str2”开头
st = 'abcdefghi'
print (st.startswith('a'))
>>>True
e,判断以“str2”结尾(str.endswith(str2))
st = 'abcdefghi'
print (st.endswith('h'))
>>>False
f,大小写
st = 'aBcDefgHi'
print (st.upper()) # 全部大写
print (st.lower()) # 全部小写
print (st.swapcase()) # 大小写互换
print (st.capitalize()) # 首字母大写
>>>ABCDEFGHI
abcdefghi
AbCdEFGhI
ABcDefgHi
d,删除字符末尾空格
st = 'abcdefghi '
print (st.rstrip())
>>>abcdefghi
4,转义字符(\)
print ('\'', '\"')
>>>' "
print ('my name \n is vitcor') # '\n'为空行
>>>my name
is victor
print ('\\')
>>>\ # 文件路径用‘/’,或者‘\\’
5,格式化
a,百分号:%
name = "dian dian"
sun = "my son is %s" %name # 前一个%代表插入的数据类型,后一个%代表插入变量名
print (sun)
>>>my son is dian dian
b,format()
sun = "my son is {}".format("dian dian") # {}和{0}都是占位符,{0}更加明确指定为占位符
print (sun)
>>>my son is dian dian
print ("my son is {name}".format(name = "dian dian")) # 可以用变量来指示
>>>my son is dian dian
st = "my son is {}"
st = st.format("dian dian ") # 生成新的值
print st
>>>my son is dian dian