在UpdatePanel控件异步更新时,如果有错误发生,默认情况下会弹出一个Alert对话框显示出错误信息,这对用户来说是不友好的,本文看一下如何在服务端和客户端脚本中自定义异常处理,翻译自官方文档。
主要内容
1.在服务端自定义异常处理
2.在客户端脚本中自定义异常处理
一.在服务端自定义异常处理
1.添加ASPX页面并切换到设计视图。
2.在工具箱中AJAX Extensions标签下双击ScriptManager和UpdatePanel控件添加到页面中。
3.在UpdatePanel控件中添加两个TextBox,一个Label,一个Button和一些文字,并设置Button的Text属性值为“Calculate”。
4.双击Calculate按钮并添加如下代码到事件处理中。
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在事件处理代码中包含了一个try-catch语句块,在try中进行除法运算,如果运算失败,在catch中设置ExtraInfo信息并重新抛出异常。
5.切换到设计视图并选择ScriptManager控件。
6.在属性窗口中的工具栏中,选择事件按钮,并双击AsyncPostBackError。
7.添加如下代码到AsyncPostBackError事件处理。
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检测异常的ExtraInfo是否为空,并设置为ScriptManager控件的AsyncPostBackErrorMessage,如果不设置则会创建一个默认的异常。
8.保存并按Ctrl + F5运行。
9.在每一个文本框中输入大于零的数,并单击Calculate按钮提交成功。
10.在第二个文本框中输入0,单击Calculate将会引发一个异常。浏览器将会显示一个对话框,提示的信息为我们在服务端设置的信息。
二.在客户端脚本中自定义异常处理
前面的异常处理是在服务端通过设置ScriptManager控件的属性来进行处理,下面将看一下如何在客户端脚本中使用PageRequestManager类来进行异常处理,并用<div>元素来代替浏览器默认的Alert对话框。
1.在我们前面创建的页面中,切换到代码视图。
2.添加如下的HTML元素到页面中(官方文档中有点错误)
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3.在HEAD元素中添加如下样式标记。
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
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4.切换到设计视图并确保你的页面如下所示。
5.在属性窗口中的下拉列表中选择DOCUMENT元素(它对应的是页面<Body>元素),设置Id属性值为bodytag。
6.切换到代码视图。
7.添加如下<script>代码块。
![ExpandedBlockStart.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ExpandedBlockStart.gif)
![ContractedBlock.gif](https://www.cnblogs.com/Images/OutliningIndicators/ContractedBlock.gif)
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在代码块中,主要做以下几件事:
1)定义PageRequestManager类的endRequest事件处理,在事件处理中,当有错误发生时将显示AlertDiv。
2)定义ToggleAlertDiv函数,当有错误发生时它用来显示或者隐藏AlertDiv元素,并且改变页面的背景颜色。
3)定义ClearErrorState函数,它用来隐藏错误信息的UI。
8.保存并按Ctrl + F5运行。
9.在每一个文本框中输入大于零的数,并单击Calculate按钮提交成功。
10.在第二个文本框中输入0,单击Calculate将会引发一个异常。这时自定义的AlertDiv将会显示出来代替了默认的Alert对话框,如下图所示:
[翻译自官方文档]
出处: http://terrylee.cnblogs.com/
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