一,列表(list)
1,创建列表
lst = [1,2,3,4,5] # 列表内是数字
lst = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'] # 列表内是字符
lst = ['my', 'name', 'is', 'victor'] # 列表内是字符串
2,基本操作
a,连接
lst1 = [1,2,3]
lst2 = [4,5,6]
print (lst1 + lst2)
>>>[1,2,3,4,5,6]
b,判断
lst = [1,2,3,4,5,6]
a = 1
print (a in lst)
>>>True
c,复制
lst = ["a","b","c"]
print (lst*2)
>>>["a","b","c","a","b","c"]
d,索引
lst = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0]
print (lst[0],lst[5])
print (lst[-1])
>>>1 6
0
e,切片
lst = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0]
print (lst[3:8])
print (lst[:5])
print (lst[5:])
print (lst[5:-1])
>>>[4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
[6, 7, 8, 9, 0]
[6, 7, 8, 9]
f,步长
lst = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,0]
print (lst[0:5:2]) # 0代表索引起始值,5代表索引结束值,2代表步长
print (lst[::2]) # 以步长2,从第一个值开始截取整个list列表
print (lst[3::2]) # 从索引起始值(第三个值) 4到结束,步长2截取整个列表
>>>1,3,5
1,3,5,7,9
4,6,8,0
三,常用功能
a,追加
lst = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,0]
lst.append("hello") # 追加的是字符串
print (lst)
>>> [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,0,"hello"]
lst = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,0]
lst.append(["a","b","c"])
print (lst)
>>>[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,0,["a","b","c"]] # 追加是整个列表(list)
extend()
lst = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,0]
lst.extend(["a","b","c"])
print (lst)
>>>[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,9,0,"a","b","c"] # 追加列表中的单个元素(int或str)
b,删除
remove()
list = ["my","my","name","is","victor"]
list.remove("my") # 删除匹配到的第一个元素
print (lst)
>>> ["my","name","is","victor"]
del
lst = ["my","my","name","is","victor"]
del.lst[2:] # 删除列表的某个索引值
print (lst)
>>>["my","name"]
del.clear()
lst = ["my","my","name","is","victor"]
del.clear() # 清空列表
print (lst)
>>>[]
c,插入
lst = list[rang(10)]
print lst
>>>[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
lst.insert(3,a) # 此处代表在索引3处,即第4个值处插入a
print lst
>>>[0,1,2,a,4,5,6,7,8,9]
d,复制
lst1 = list[rang(10)]
lst2 = list1.copy()
lst2[2] = "hello"
print lst1
print lst2
>>>[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
[0,1,"hello",2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
e,排序
lst1 = [45,23,89,67,10,58]
lst2 = ["cd","ae","de"]
lst1.sort()
lst2.sort()
print (list1,list2)
>>>[10, 23, 45, 58, 67, 89] ['ae', 'cd', 'de']
lst1.sort(reverse = True)
lst2.sort(reverse = True)
print (lst1,lst2)
d,计数
x=[1,2,3,1,[1],[1,1]]
print (x.count(1))
>>>2