Linux0.11内核之旅4——main.c(2)

继续分析，我们先贴上将要分析的main函数

 

void main(void)        /* This really IS void, no error here. */
{            /* The startup routine assumes (well, ...) this */
/*
 * Interrupts are still disabled. Do necessary setups, then
 * enable them
*/
     ROOT_DEV = ORIG_ROOT_DEV;
     drive_info = DRIVE_INFO;
    memory_end = (1<<20) + (EXT_MEM_K<<10);
    memory_end &= 0xfffff000;
if (memory_end > 16*1024*1024)
        memory_end = 16*1024*1024;
if (memory_end > 12*1024*1024) 
        buffer_memory_end = 4*1024*1024;
else if (memory_end > 6*1024*1024)
        buffer_memory_end = 2*1024*1024;
else
        buffer_memory_end = 1*1024*1024;
    main_memory_start = buffer_memory_end;
#ifdef RAMDISK
    main_memory_start += rd_init(main_memory_start, RAMDISK*1024);
#endif
    mem_init(main_memory_start,memory_end);
    trap_init();
    blk_dev_init();
    chr_dev_init();
    tty_init();
    time_init();
    sched_init();
    buffer_init(buffer_memory_end);
    hd_init();
    floppy_init();
    sti();
    move_to_user_mode();
if (!fork()) {        /* we count on this going ok */
        init();
    }
/*
 *   NOTE!!   For any other task 'pause()' would mean we have to get a
 * signal to awaken, but task0 is the sole exception (see 'schedule()')
 * as task 0 gets activated at every idle moment (when no other tasks
 * can run). For task0 'pause()' just means we go check if some other
 * task can run, and if not we return here.
*/
for(;;) pause();
}

接前文，我们继续分析

    mem_init(main_memory_start,memory_end);
    trap_init();
    blk_dev_init();
    chr_dev_init();
    tty_init();
    time_init();
    sched_init();
    buffer_init(buffer_memory_end);
    hd_init();
    floppy_init();
    sti();
    move_to_user_mode();

这些代码是一些初始化，现在我们先不用管他们，我们只是想知道计算机是怎么运行起来的。

我们关注一下下边这个代码

    if (!fork()) {        /* we count on this going ok */
        init();
    }

调用fork()函数后会创建一个新的进程，关于fork()的详细解释，请参考http://baike.baidu.com/view/1952900.htm

在父进程会返回子进程的进程号，在子进程会返回0，所以，在子进程会执行init()，而在父进程会执行

/*
 *   NOTE!!   For any other task 'pause()' would mean we have to get a
 * signal to awaken, but task0 is the sole exception (see 'schedule()')
 * as task 0 gets activated at every idle moment (when no other tasks
 * can run). For task0 'pause()' just means we go check if some other
 * task can run, and if not we return here.
*/
for(;;) pause();

也就是父进程从此就“暂停了”。

我们继续分析子进程的init()

开始仍然是执行一些初始化，我们先不必深究。

int pid,i;

    setup((void *) &drive_info);
    (void) open("/dev/tty0",O_RDWR,0);
    (void) dup(0);
    (void) dup(0);
    printf("%d buffers = %d bytes buffer space\n\r",NR_BUFFERS,
        NR_BUFFERS*BLOCK_SIZE);
    printf("Free mem: %d bytes\n\r",memory_end-main_memory_start);

之后是又新建了一个子进程，然后在子进程中执行if里边的代码，我们通过这段代码只需大概知道，这段代码的最终目的是执行/bin/sh程序

    if (!(pid=fork())) {
        close(0);
if (open("/etc/rc",O_RDONLY,0))
            _exit(1);
        execve("/bin/sh",argv_rc,envp_rc);
        _exit(2);
    }

分析到这里，Linux也就基本启动起来了。剩下的我们就单独分模块来看了。

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/xiaobo68688/archive/2011/12/25/2300839.html