这几天没有什么事情做,就自己学一些技术,想想自己从上班以来还没有自己搭建一个开发环境,以前总是有些懒,总是看文档不想动手,现在想尝试一下,从零开始(ps:在实习的时候,我搭spring+mybatis框架用了一个星期,最后还是由师傅帮我搭的,那时候从没学过javaweb,在完成查看各种资料,可是发现按照网上的搭建出来,却总是报错,那时候就想着自己一定要写一篇完成的搭建过程,供新人阅读,现在开始啦!)
1、首先建立一个java工程 Testhaha(不必为动态web项目),右键项目 configer --->convert to maven project ; convert to fatced from ;即将项目转换成maven项目。
2、创建目录结构如下:
</pre></p><p><span style="font-size:14px">注意:java项目转换成maven管理后,目录结构并不是这样的,要自己进行转换:</span></p><p><span style="font-size:14px">右键项目->new->folder->src/main/java ; 右键(main.java)->build path->use as source folder 及可成为如图所示结构</span></p><p><span style="font-size:14px">3、编写配置文件</span></p><p><span style="font-size:14px">web.xml</span></p><p><span style="font-size:14px"></span></p><pre name="code" class="html"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 上下文 集成web环境 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>
/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml,
/WEB-INF/spring-mybatis.xml
</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 过滤器 防止数据库乱码 --> <!-- 用于解决post 提交的乱码 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> <!-- 这里使用/*,表示在访问任何页面时都要通过该过滤器 -->
</filter-mapping>
<!-- 1、 前端控制器的配置 (执行完成后即可将请求交给spring-servlet.xml 进行控制)-->
<!-- 自此请求已交给 Spring Web MVC 框架处理,因此我们需要配置 Spring 的配置文件,默认 DispatcherServlet 会加
载 WEB-INF/[DispatcherServlet 的 Servlet 名 字 ]-servlet.xml 配 置 文 件 。 本 示 例 为 WEB-INF/
spring-servlet.xml。 -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> <!-- 容器启动时初始化该servlet -->
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>spring</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern> <!-- 哪些请求交给Dispatcherservlet 处理 -->
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>html</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.jasper.servlet.JspServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>3</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>html</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
spring-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">
<!-- spring -->
<!-- 启用spring mvc 注解 -->
<context:annotation-config />
<!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="Controller"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 完成请求和注解POJO的映射 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<bean
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/plain;charset=utf-8</value>
<value>text/html;charset=utf-8</value>
<value>text/json;charset=utf-8</value>
<value>application/json;charset=utf-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
spring-mybatis.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">
<!-- 注:classpath指WEB-INF下的class目录 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<tx:annotation-driven proxy-target-class="true"
transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
<!-- 采用注释的方式配置bean -->
<context:annotation-config />
<bean
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="locations">
<list>
<value>/WEB-INF/sql.properties</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 获取数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName">
<value>${db.driver}</value>
</property>
<property name="url">
<value>${db.url}</value>
</property>
<property name="username">
<value>${db.username}</value>
</property>
<property name="password">
<value>${db.password}</value>
</property>
<property name="maxActive">
<value>${db.maxActive}</value>
</property>
<property name="maxIdle">
<value>${db.maxIdle}</value>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
如上三个xml文件即为spring+mybatis的配置文件。
注:使用maven管理项目,实现自动下载jar包,当jar包不足时,启动项目会报错。
pom.xml:
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>Testhaha</groupId>
<artifactId>Testhaha</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>Testhaha</name>
<url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<java.version>1.7</java.version>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>3.2.9.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>3.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>3.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>3.2.3.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>3.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>3.2.8.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
<version>2.5.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>2.5.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.2.8</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<sourceDirectory>src</sourceDirectory>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>1.7</source>
<target>1.7</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
classpath:一般指tomcat目录下的class的存放目录,即/WEB-INF/classes 目录。
这样配置也是有原因的,以后再讲吧,现在头有点乱。
注意:要配置扫描包文件; /WEB-INF/classes下的文件有访问权限,只有tomcate能够访问,后台程序不能访问。