1、为复习题5描述的类提供方法定义,并编写一个小程序来演示所有特性。
复习题5:定义一个类来表示银行账户。数据成员包括储户姓名、账号(使用字符串)和存款。成员函数执行如下操作
~创建一个对象并将其初始化;
~显示储户姓名、账号和存款;
~存入参数指定的存款;
~取出参数指定的存款。
//account.h #ifndef ACCOUNT_H #define ACCOUNT_H #include <string> class Account { private: std::string name; std::string number; double deposit; public: Account(std::string _name, std::string _number = "Error", double _deposit = 0); void show() const; void save_money(double money); void draw_money(double money); }; #endif // !ACCOUNT_H //Account.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "account.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> Account::Account(std::string _name, std::string _number, double _deposit) { name = _name; number = _number; deposit = _deposit; } void Account::show() const{ using std::cout; cout << "Name: " << name << "\n" << "Number: " << number << "\n" << "Deposit: " << deposit << "\n"; } void Account::save_money(double money) { if (number == "Error") std::cout << "Wrong ! "; else deposit += money; } void Account::draw_money(double money) { if (number == "Error") std::cout << "Wrong !"; else if (deposit < money) std::cout << "You have no enough money!"; else deposit -= money; } //main.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "account.h" int main() { Account test = Account("Tony Hust", "M201876177", 5000.00); test.show(); test.save_money(998.37); test.show(); test.draw_money(100000.00); test.show(); test.draw_money(2554.73); test.show(); return 0; }
2、下面是一个非常简单的类定义,它使用了一个string对象和一个字符数组,让您能够比较它们的用法。请提供为定义的方法的代码,以完成这个类的实现。再编写一个使用这个类的程序。它使用了三种可能的构造函数调用(没有参数、一个参数和两个参数)以及两种显示方法。
//person.h #ifndef PERSON_H #define PERSON_H #include <string> class Person { private: static const int LIMIT = 25; std::string lname; char fname[LIMIT]; public: Person() { lname = "", fname[0] = '\0'; } Person(const std::string & ln, const char * fn = "Heyyou"); void Show() const; void FormalShow() const; }; #endif // !PERSON_H //Person.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "person.h" #include <iostream> #include <string> Person::Person(const std::string & ln, const char * fn) { lname = ln; strncpy_s(fname, fn, LIMIT); } void Person::Show() const{ std::cout << "Name: " << fname << " " << lname << std::endl; } void Person::FormalShow() const{ std::cout << "Name: " << lname << ", " << fname << std::endl; } //main.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "person.h" #include <iostream> int main() { Person one; Person two("Smythecraft"); Person three("Dimwiddy", "Sam"); one.Show(); one.FormalShow(); std::cout << std::endl; two.Show(); two.FormalShow(); std::cout << std::endl; three.Show(); three.FormalShow(); return 0; }
3、完成第九章的编程练习1,但要用正确的golf类声明替换那里的代码。用合适参数的构造函数替换setgolf(golf &, const char *, int),以提供初始值。保留setgolf()的交互版本,但要用构造函数来实现它(例如,setgolf()的代码应该获得数据,将数据传递给构造来创建一个临时对象,并将其赋给调用对象,即*this)。
//golf.h #ifndef GOLF_H #define GOLF_H #include <cstring> class Golf { private: static const int Len = 40; char fullname[Len]; int handicap; public: Golf(const char * na, int ha) { strncpy_s(fullname, na, Len); handicap = ha; } int setgolf(const char *na, int ha); int setgolf() const; void sethandicap(const int ha); void showgolf() const; }; #endif // !GOLF_H //Golf.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "golf.h" #include <iostream> int Golf::setgolf(const char * na, int ha) { Golf g = Golf(na, ha); *this = g; if (fullname[0] == '\0') return 0; return 1; } int Golf::setgolf() const { if (fullname[0] == '\0') return 0; return 1; } void Golf::sethandicap(const int ha) { handicap = ha; } void Golf::showgolf() const { std::cout << "fullname: " << fullname << " , and handicap: " << handicap << std::endl; }
4、完成第九章的编程练习4,但将Sales结构及相关的函数转换为一个类及其方法。用构造函数替换setSales(sales &, double [ ], int)函数。用构造函数实现setSales(Sales &)方法的交互版本。将类保留再名称空间SALES中。
//sales.h #ifndef SALES_H #define SALES_H namespace SALES { class Sales { private: static const int QUARTERS = 4; double sales[QUARTERS]; double average; double max; double min; public: Sales(const double ar[], int n); Sales(Sales & s); void showSales() const; }; } #endif // !SALES_H //Sales.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "sales.h" #include <iostream> using namespace SALES; Sales::Sales(const double ar[], int n) { int i; for (i = 0; i < n && i < 4; i++) //赋值 sales[i] = ar[i]; for (int j = i; j < 4; j++) //将未赋值的设置为0 sales[j] = 0; double total = 0; for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) //total为所有有效值的总和 total += sales[j]; average = total / i; //设置平均值 max = min = sales[0]; //最大最小值初始化为第一个值 for (int j = 0; j < i; j++) //设置最大最小值 { if (sales[j] > max)max = sales[j]; if (sales[j] < min)min = sales[j]; } } Sales::Sales(Sales & s) { *this = s; } void Sales::showSales()const { using namespace std; std::cout << "输出:" << std::endl; for (int i = 0; i < 4 && sales[i] != 0; i++) std::cout << "s.sales[" << i << "] = " << sales[i] << std::endl; std::cout << "average = " << average << std::endl; std::cout << "max = " << max << std::endl; std::cout << "min = " << min << std::endl; }
5、考虑下面的结构声明:
struct customer{
char fullname[35];
double payment;
};
编写一个程序,它从栈中添加和删除customer结构(栈用Stack类声明表示)。每次customer结构被修改删除时,其payment的值都被加入到总数中,并报告总数。注意:应该可以直接使用Stack类而不做修改。
//stack.h #ifndef STACK_H #define STACK_H struct customer { char fullname[35]; double payment; }; typedef customer Item; class Stack { private: enum { MAX = 10 }; Item items[MAX]; int top; public: Stack(); bool isempty() const; bool isfull() const; bool push(const Item & item); bool pop(Item & item); ~Stack(); }; #endif // !STACK_H //Stack.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "Stack.h" Stack::Stack() { top = 0; } bool Stack::isempty() const { return top == 0; } bool Stack::isfull() const { return top == MAX; } bool Stack::push(const Item & item) { if (top < MAX) { items[top++] = item; return true; } else return false; } bool Stack::pop(Item & item) { if (top > 0) { item = items[--top]; return true; } else return false; } Stack::~Stack() { }
6、下面是一个类声明(见Move.h),请提供成员函数的定义和测试这个类的程序
//Move.h #ifndef MOVE_H #define MOVE_H class Move { private: double x; double y; public: Move(double a = 0, double b = 0); void showmove() const; Move add(const Move & m) const; void reset(double a = 0, double b = 0); ~Move(); }; #endif // !MOVE_H //Move.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "Move.h" #include <iostream> Move::Move(double a , double b) { x = a; y = b; } void Move::showmove() const { std::cout << "X: " << x << std::endl; std::cout << "Y: " << y << std::endl; } Move Move::add(const Move & m) const { return Move(x + m.x, y + m.y); } void Move::reset(double a, double b) { x = a; y = b; } Move::~Move() { } //main.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "Move.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { Move one = Move(3.5, 7.2); Move two = Move(4.1, 8.9); Move three = one.add(two); three.showmove(); three.reset(1.1, 2.2); three.showmove(); return 0; }
7、Betelgeusean plorg有这些特征:
数据:
~plorg的名称不超过19个字符;
~plorg有满意指数(CI),这是一个整数;
操作
~新的plorg将有名称,其CI值为50;
~plorg的CI可以修改;
~plorg可以报告其名称和CI;
~plorg的默认名称为“Plorga”
请编写一个Plorg类声明(包括数据成员和成员函数原型)来表示plorg,并编写成员函数的函数定义。然后编写一个小程序,以演示Plorg类的所有特性。
//Plorg.h #pragma once #ifndef PLORG_H #define PLORG_H #include <iostream> #include <cstring> class Plorg { private: enum{Len = 19}; char name[Len]; int CI; public: Plorg(const char * na = "Plorga", int _CI = 50) { strncpy_s(name, na, Len); CI = _CI; } void setCI(int _CI); void show() const; ~Plorg(); }; #endif !PLORG_H //Plorg.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "Plorg.h" #include <iostream> using namespace std; void Plorg::setCI(int _CI) { CI = _CI; } void Plorg::show() const { cout << "Name: " << name << endl; cout << "CI: " << CI << endl; } Plorg::~Plorg() { }
//main.cpp #include "stdafx.h" #include "Plorg.h" int main() { Plorg _p; _p.show(); Plorg p = Plorg("#noten", 48); p.show(); p.setCI(42); p.show(); return 0; }
8、可以将简单列表描述成下面这样:
~可存储0个或多个某种类型的列表;
~可创建空列表;
~可在列表中添加数据项;
~可确定列表是否为空;
~可确定列表是否为满;
~可访问列表中每一个数据项,并对它执行某种操作。
可以看到,这个列表确实很简单,例如,它不允许插入或删除数据项。请设计一个List类来表示这种抽象类型。