在python3中,有了一个hashlib,可以用来计算md5,这里先给出一个简单的例子:
import hashlib sstr="i love hanyu" print(hashlib.md5(sstr).hexdigest())
很遗憾的,出错了,错误信息是:
C:\Python35\python.exe C:/pylearn/bottlelearn/3.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:/pylearn/bottlelearn/3.py", line 4, in <module> print(hashlib.md5(sstr).hexdigest()) TypeError: Unicode-objects must be encoded before hashing Process finished with exit code 1
这里主要是考虑到传入的编码不同,会导致md5出问题,所以,要求传入前进行统一的编码,修改如下:
import hashlib hashlib.sha256(str(random.getrandbits(256)).encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()
import hashlib with open(hash_file) as file: control_hash = file.readline().rstrip("\n") wordlistfile = open(wordlist, "rb") # ... for line in wordlistfile: if hashlib.md5(line.rstrip(b'\n\r')).hexdigest() == control_hash:
下面,来看看如何计算大文件的md5,如果只是简单的把文件都入到内存中,大文件会导致出现大问题,编码如下:
import hashlib def hash_bytestr_iter(bytesiter, hasher, ashexstr=False): for block in bytesiter: hasher.update(block) return (hasher.hexdigest() if ashexstr else hasher.digest()) def file_as_blockiter(afile, blocksize=65536): with afile: block = afile.read(blocksize) while len(block) > 0: yield block block = afile.read(blocksize) [(fname, hash_bytestr_iter(file_as_blockiter(open(fname, 'rb')), hashlib.md5())) for fname in fnamelst]